Hybrid Ordered Heterojuntion Solar Cells
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Colton Bukowsky & Delbert Shoals, Jr.
Jin Young * Ken Carter
Harihara Venkatraman * Kyle Reeves * D. Venkataraman
HYBRID ORDERED HETEROJUNCTION
SOLAR CELLS
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PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE - PRINCIPLE
Processes of an Efficient Solar Cell:
1. Absorption in the Solar spectrum
2. Charge separation
3. Charge Transport
(~ 10 nm)
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OUR MISSION
● Electron acceptor and electron donor separated within 20 nm
● Continuous phase of acceptor and donor for optimum charge transport
Delbert Colton
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Dip Coating
Polystyrene sphere Monolayer
Electrodeposition of CdSe
Nano Structured CdSe
Rinse PS
Spin coat P3HT nanospheres
PV Device after deposition of
electrode
10 WEEK OVERVIEW: COLTON BUKOWSKY
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1. DIP COATING OF ITO
● Issues
● Achieving 2D Array of PSs (PolyStyrene Spheres)○ Need to be able to do this with different size PSs
● Find Optimal SDS concentration○ Likely between 30-100mM SDS in water
● Determine Optimal Dip velocity○ Suspected between 5 and 10 microns/second
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AFM IMAGE OF SINTERED POLYSTYRENE SPHERES MONOLAYER
~10 min at 120°C~5 min at 120°C
AFM – Atomic Force Microscopy
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3.ELECTRODEPOSITION
● Solution of 0.2M CdSO4 orCdCl2 and 0.0007 M H2SeO3
with ptl of ~ -0.5V in pH~2 solution at 75°C
● Vary the time of electrolysis to vary the fill of CdSe onto the PSs mask and height of final morphology
a.
Working electrode
Reference electrodeCounter
electrode
b.
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4. REMOVE SINTERED POLYSTYRENE SPHERES
● Removal of PSs by heat (400°C) or rinse (Toluene)
● Leaves nanostructured CdSe morphology
● Take AFM
Removing mask (a)
Various Shapes of 2-D Porous Array
(b) (c)
PS microbead PS microbead PS microbead
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AFM IMAGE OF TEMPLATE AFTER REMOVING PSS
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5. SPIN COAT P3HT
● P3HT nanospheres obtained from Delbert Shoals of DV’s group
● Study different ratios of P3HT spheres to PSs features
● Nanospheres may be able to fit or space fill
● Other CdSe morphologies may be studied
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6. DEVICE CONSTRUCTION
● Take AFM of P3HT● Vapor deposit metal electrode (Al or Ag) to finish cell● Measure current versus voltage in dark and artificial
sunlight
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OUR MISSION
● Electron acceptor and electron donor separated within 20 nm
● Continuous phase of acceptor and donor for optimum charge transport
Delbert Colton
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SYNTHESIS OF DONOR POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE
P3HT – Poly(3-hexylthiophene)SDS – Sodium dodecyl sulfate (a
surfactant)
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HOW TO TUNE THE SIZE OF THE NANOPARTICLE ?
● Surfactant concentration
● Adding a cosurfactant
● Ratio of chloroform to water
● Concentration of P3HT in chloroform
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CHARACTERIZATION OF P3HT NANOPARTICLE
TEM imageTEM – Transmission Electron Microscopy
Size measurement by DLSDLS – Dynamic Light Scattering
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CHARACTERIZATION OF P3HT NANOPARTICLE
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
UV-Vis
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IMPACT
● Ability to control the morphology
● Study the impact of morphology on the photovoltaic efficiency
● Study the impact of morphology on the charge transport properties
● Study the impact of morphology on the charge separation
● Understand the effect of morphology on constructing a solar cell
Research sponsored by NSF CHE-1004983: CURE REU
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ACCOMPLISHMENTS & FUTURE WORK
● Synthesis of P3HT Nanoparticles
● Can control the size and the distribution of the NP
● No significant changes in the electronic properties of P3HT when confined into NP
● Synthesis of porous CdSe using electrochemical deposition using PS template
● Optimized conditions to develop 200 nm and 500 nm porous CdSe
Accomplishments
Future Work
● Measure the charge carrier mobilities of P3HT NP and porous CdSe arrays
● Assemble P3HT NP into the porous CdSe arrays
● Measure the Photovoltaic metrics of P3HT NP/CdSe based solar cell
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Venkataraman Group: Harihara Venkatraman, Dana Algaier, Kyle Reeves
The Carter Group: Dr. Jin Young Park, Andrew Davis, Nick Hendricks, Sam Pendergraph, Burcin Erenturk, Jacob John, Joe Peterson