HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

SECTOR PLAN REVIEW

(2018 – 2022)

SAKHISZWE LOCAL MUNICIPALITY

FINAL DRAFT REPORT

(OCTOBER 2018)

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TABLE OF CONTENT

1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 6

1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................. 6

1.2 PROJECT PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................... 6

2 LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY MANDATES ............................................................................ 7

2.1 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ......................................................................................................... 7

2.2 HOUSING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................................. 10

2.3 HOUSING PROGRAMMES ......................................................................................................... 11

3 PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES AND METHODOLOGY ....................................................... 12

4 SITUATION ANALYSIS ................................................................................................... 14

4.1 LOCALITY AND DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................... 14

4.2 DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS .................................................................................................... 15

4.2.1 Population Size and Households ............................................................................. 15 4.2.2 Population Projection .............................................................................................. 16 4.2.3 Gender Distribution ................................................................................................. 16 4.2.4 Age Distribution....................................................................................................... 17 4.2.5 Migration ................................................................................................................. 17 4.2.6 Employment Status ................................................................................................. 18 4.2.7 Income Level ........................................................................................................... 18 4.2.8 Poverty Distribution ................................................................................................ 18 4.2.9 Education Level ....................................................................................................... 18

4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS ............................................................................................... 19

4.3.1 Economic Sectors .................................................................................................... 19

4.4 INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................... 20

4.4.1 Water Supply ........................................................................................................... 20 4.4.2 Source of Water Supply ........................................................................................... 21 4.4.3 Sanitation Supply ..................................................................................................... 22 4.4.4 Electricity Supply ..................................................................................................... 22 4.4.5 Refuse Removal ....................................................................................................... 23 4.4.6 Telecommunication ................................................................................................. 23 4.4.7 Transport Network .................................................................................................. 24 4.4.8 Roads, Bridges and Storm water ............................................................................. 24 4.4.9 Public Transport ...................................................................................................... 24 4.4.10 Landing strip ............................................................................................................ 25

4.5 COMMUNITY FACILITIES ........................................................................................................... 25

4.5.1 Educational Facilities ............................................................................................... 25 4.5.2 Health facilities ........................................................................................................ 25 4.5.3 Sports Fields ............................................................................................................ 26 4.5.4 Existing Libraries ...................................................................................................... 26 4.5.5 Community Halls ..................................................................................................... 26 4.5.6 Cemeteries .............................................................................................................. 26 4.5.7 Parks & Recreational Facilities ................................................................................ 27 4.5.8 Police stations ......................................................................................................... 27

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4.6 LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................... 27

4.6.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................... 27 4.6.2 Crop farming ............................................................................................................ 28 4.6.3 Livestock farming (Cattle, Sheep and Goats) .......................................................... 28 4.6.4 Forestry, Timber and Wood Products ..................................................................... 29 4.6.5 Tourism Development ............................................................................................. 31 4.6.6 Retail Industry ......................................................................................................... 33 4.6.7 Manufacturing ......................................................................................................... 33 4.6.8 Mining ..................................................................................................................... 33 4.6.9 Small Medium and Micro-Enterprise (SMME) Development ................................. 34

5 SPATIAL ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 34

5.1 Settlement Characteristics........................................................................................................ 34

5.1.1 General Land Uses ................................................................................................... 34 5.1.2 Settlement Hierarchy .............................................................................................. 35 5.1.3 Corridors .................................................................................................................. 37

5.2 LAND ISSUES ............................................................................................................................. 38

5.2.1 Land Tenure and Ownership ................................................................................... 38 5.2.2 Land Needs .............................................................................................................. 38

5.3 IDP ALIGNMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING ............................................................................... 39

5.3.1 CHDM Integrated Development Plan (2017 – 2022) .............................................. 39 5.3.2 CHDM SDF (2015) .................................................................................................... 39 5.3.3 Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019) ............................................................................ 40 5.3.4 Sakhisizwe SDF (2011) ............................................................................................. 41 5.3.5 Land Reform Programmes....................................................................................... 43

5.4 HUMAN SETTLEMENT ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................ 44

5.4.1 Housing type and quality ......................................................................................... 44

5.5 KEY HUMAN SETTLEMENTS ISSUES .......................................................................................... 46

6 STRATEGY ................................................................................................................... 47

6.1 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS VISION ................................................................................................. 47

6.2 STRATEGIC HUMAN SETTLEMENTS GOALS AND OBJECTIVES .................................................. 47

6.2.1 Consolidated strategic Goal and Objectives ........................................................... 47

6.3 STRATEGIES AND PROPOSED PROGRAMMES .......................................................................... 49

7 PROJECTS .................................................................................................................... 50

7.1 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DELIVERY IN SLM FROM 1994 TO DATE ............................................. 50

7.1.1 Land Issues .............................................................................................................. 58

8 CASH FLOW AND PROGRAMMES ................................................................................. 58

8.1 CASH FLOW ............................................................................................................................... 58

8.2 DETAILED STRATEGIC PROGRAMMES ...................................................................................... 60

9 PROPOSALS FOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS UPGRADING .............................................. 64

9.1 Make serviced sites available ................................................................................................... 64

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9.2 Build on the regularisation approach ....................................................................................... 65

9.3 Flexible standards and regulations for planning, land, infrastructure and housing ................. 65

10 INTEGRATION (CROSS SECTOR ALIGNMENT ISSUES) ..................................................... 67

11 PROJECT PLANNING ..................................................................................................... 69

12 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND CAPACITY ........................................................ 70

12.1 PROPOSED STRUCTURE TO MEET THE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS (HOUSING) MANDATE........... 71

13 ACCREDITATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING STRATEGY .................................................. 71

13.1 Accreditation ............................................................................................................................ 71

13.2 Capacity Building Strategy ........................................................................................................ 72

14 HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND DELIVERY RISK MANAGEMENT MATTERS ......... 73

15 GAPS REQUIRING FILLING ............................................................................................ 73

16 APPROVAL................................................................................................................... 74

List of Tables Table 4-1: Total Population, No of Households and Household size ............................................................. 16 Table 4-2: Projected Population ..................................................................................................................... 16 Table 4-3: Gender Distribution ....................................................................................................................... 16 Table 4-4: Age group ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Table 4-5: Migration from other provinces and outside South Africa to SLM ............................................... 17 Table 4-6: Employment Status ....................................................................................................................... 18 Table 4-7: Annual and Monthly Household Income ....................................................................................... 18 Table 4-8: Education Levels ............................................................................................................................ 19 Table 4-9: Employment Sectors...................................................................................................................... 20 Table 4-10: Water Resource ........................................................................................................................... 20 Table 4-11: Source of water ........................................................................................................................... 21 Table 4-12: Sanitation .................................................................................................................................... 22 Table 4-13: Source of energy .......................................................................................................................... 22 Table 4-14: Refuse removal ............................................................................................................................ 23 Table 4-15: Health facilities ............................................................................................................................ 25 Table 4-16: Distribution of Plantations .......................................................................................................... 29 Table 4-17: Forestry potential ........................................................................................................................ 29 Table 4-18: Summary of Forestry Activities in SLM ........................................................................................ 30 Table 4-19: Tourism and Heritage Attraction in SLM ..................................................................................... 31 Table 5-1: Settlement Nodes and Hierarchy .................................................................................................. 35 Table 5-2: Land needs ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Table 5-3: Housing type or Dwelling type ...................................................................................................... 44 Table 5-4: Informal settlements in Elliot ........................................................................................................ 45 Table 8-1: Land needs ..................................................................................................................................... 58 Table 7-1: Project Pipeline and Capital Budget .............................................................................................. 59 Table 8-1: Phola Informal Settlement’s sanitation requirement ................................................................... 65 Table 13-1: Gaps requiring filling ................................................................................................................... 73 Table 14-1: Approval Process ......................................................................................................................... 74

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List of Figures

Figure 10-1: Integrated Planning and Economic Development (IPED) Organogram ..................................... 70

List of Plans

Plan 4-1: Regional context .............................................................................................................................. 15 Plan 4-2: Ward Boundaries ............................................................................................................................. 15 Plan 4-3: DWAF Water schemes ..................................................................................................................... 21 Plan 4-4: Electricity network .......................................................................................................................... 22 Plan 4-5: Transport network........................................................................................................................... 24 Plan 4-6: Existing Education Facilities............................................................................................................. 25 Plan 4-7: Existing Hospital and clinics ............................................................................................................. 26 Plan 4-8: Police stations ................................................................................................................................. 27 Plan 3-27: Crop Production – Maize Potential Areas ..................................................................................... 28 Plan 3-28: Livestock – Cattle and Sheep Potential Areas ............................................................................... 29 Plan 4-10: Settlements Pattern ...................................................................................................................... 34 Plan 6-2: Settlement Nodes ............................................................................................................................ 36 Plan 6-3: Cala Node ........................................................................................................................................ 36 Plan 6-4: khowa (Elliot) Node ........................................................................................................................ 37 Plan 6-5: Corridors .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Plan 6-6: Strategic Land Parcels in Cala .......................................................................................................... 42 Plan 6-7: Strategic Land Parcels in Elliot......................................................................................................... 43

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1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

Sakhisizwe Local Municipality (SLM), like all other municipalities, is required to prepare a Human Settlements

Sector Plan (HSSP) as a component of the Integrated Development Plan (IDP), in terms of the Municipal

Systems Act (MSA) 32 of 2000 and the National Housing Act 107 of 1997. These are to ensure that the

inhabitants within its area of jurisdiction have access to adequate human settlements on a progressive basis

by setting human settlements delivery goals, identify suitable land for human settlements development and

planning, facilitating, initiating and co-ordinating human settlements development in its area of jurisdiction.

Towards this goal, the Chris Hani District Municipality (CHDM) has embarked on a programme to develop an

Integrated Human Settlements Sector Plan (IHSSP) and an Emergency Human Settlements Policy for the

District and the Local Municipalities under its area of jurisdiction.

There are local challenges facing CHDM in terms of human settlements developments and these challenges

require urgent attention to ensure that government objectives are achieved. There are numerous difficulties

encountered by the Local Municipalities (LMs) within the district in fulfilling the need for human settlements

infrastructure, social development, availability and ownership of land, bulk infrastructure and other factors.

As one of the critical planning tools for local government in terms of its developmental role, the HSSP aims

at ensuring, orientating and refocusing the municipality’s vision and mission in the performance of its

development role of human settlements development. The Housing Act (Act 107 of 1997) also guides and

informs the preparation of Human Settlements Sector Plans.

1.2 PROJECT PURPOSE

The purpose of this document is to analyse the human settlements situation and then compile a credible

and well researched human settlements sector plan with all social, economic and demographic indicators

impacting on human settlements planning and delivery with an emergency human settlements policy for

the CHDM.

The main purpose of this assignment is two ponged, that is:

To determine the current state of human settlements throughout the District in terms of the of the

current delivery status in order to determine the human settlements demand to guide the

compilation of the human settlements status quo report; and

To develop a new integrated human settlements sector plan for CHDM and the formulation of an

emergency human settlements policy for CHDM.

This HSSP will therefore aim to outline the needs and demands for housing, respond to issues underlying the

provision of human settlements and make proposals for strategic human settlements interventions.

Amongst others, the objectives of a Human Settlements Sector Plan will be as follows:

To accelerate the delivery of houses as key to poverty alleviation.

To utilise the provision of human settlements as a major job creation strategy.

To leverage growth in the economy.

To combat crime, social cohesion and improve quality of life for the poor.

To support the function of the entire single residential property market to reduce duality within the

sector by breaking the barriers between the first economy residential property boom and the second

economy slump.

To ensure the effective allocation of limited resources (specifically financial and human) to a large

pool of potential development interventions.

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To provide a formal and practical method of prioritising human settlements projects and obtaining

political consensus from for the sequencing of their implementation.

To ensure more integrated development through bringing together the relevant cross-sectoral role

players to coordinate their development interventions.

To provide greater spatial linkages between the spatial development framework and the physical

implementation of projects on the ground

To ensure that there is a definite human settlement focus on the development and implementation

of the IDP.

This document presents the state of the existing situation in Sakhisizwe Local Municipality area with regards

to human settlements, the legal and policy setting and the various plans for human settlements delivery. It

also provides a desktop situation analysis of the local municipality giving the current reality in terms of the

demographic characteristics, social, economic and environmental situation. Again, the participatory

planning process is also outlined. The various challenges facing housing delivery are described according to

the information obtained from the conducted surveys, oral discussions and relevant documents.

This section outlines the current human settlements legislation and policies as they affect human

settlements delivery in the municipalities.

2 LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY MANDATES

2.1 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK The following is a summary of the main pieces of legislation, as well as policy directives, applicable to the

integrated human settlements development environment.

Legislation Purpose and Specific Provision

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act No. 108 of 1996)

This Act forms the basis for the executing the mandate of the Department of Human Settlements with particular reference to Section 26 and Schedule 4.

Section 26 guarantees the rights to have access to housing as a basic human right and the State is mandated to take steps to achieve the progressive realization of this right.

Schedule 4 ensures that the National and Provincial governments have concurrent legislative competence. This schedule guides the assignment of delegations of section components of the housing functions to municipalities.

The Housing Act, 1997 (Act No. 107 of 1997)

This Act lays down general principles applicable to housing development in all spheres of government. The Act defines the functions of national, provincial and local governments in respect to housing development and provides for financial arrangements for housing development.

This Act further creates the provision for all spheres of government to give priority to the needs of the poor in respect of housing development.

Prevention of Illegal Eviction from Unlawful Occupation of Land Act, 1998

This Act repeals the Prevention of Illegal squatting act (Act 52 of 1951) and makes provision for a fair and equitable process to be followed when evicting people who have unlawfully invaded land, from their homes. The Act makes it an offence to evict without following the due process of law.

The Housing Consumer Protection Measures Act,1998

The Act provides for the establishment of a statutory regulating body for homebuilders. The National Home Builders Registration Council (NHBRC) registers builders engaged in certain categories of housing construction, and regulates the home building industry by formulating and enforcing a code of conduct.

The Rental Housing Act, 1999 as amended

The Rental Housing Act repeals the Rent Control Act (1976) and defines government responsibilities in respect of rental housing property. The Act

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establishes the Rent Tribunal to regulate and promote sound relations between landlords and tenants. There is a clear requirement to stimulate the rental housing market.

Social Housing Act, No.16 of (2008)

The Act provides for the establishment of affordable rental accommodation for low to medium income households in designated Restructuring Zones i.e. places of economic opportunities, enabling spatial and social integration.

Home Loan and Mortgage Disclosure Act, 2000

This Act provides for the establishment of the Office of Disclosure and the monitoring of financial institutions serving the housing credit needs of communities to disclose information and identifies discriminatory lending patterns.

Sectional Titles Act, 1986 (Act No. 95 of 1986) as Amended

This Act provides for the division of buildings into sections and common property and for the acquisition of separate ownership in sections coupled with joint ownership in common property.

The Deeds Registries Act, 1937 (Act No. 47 of 1937)

This Act governs the entire set of procedures and requirements for registering ownership and transfer of land.

National Building Regulations and Building Standard Act, No. 103 of 1997 (Act No. 103 of 1997)

The Act provides for the promotion of uniformity in the law relating to the erection of buildings in the areas of jurisdiction of local authorities, and for the prescribing of building standards.

Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act, IPILRA, 1996 (Act No. 31 of 1996)

This Act aims to protect a category of rights to land – called ‘informal rights’ – held by people living in rural areas of the former homelands and South African Development Trust (SADT) areas.

State Land Disposal Act, 1961 (Act No. 48 of 1961)

The Act provides for the disposal of certain State land and for matters incidental thereto, and to prohibit the acquisition of State Land by prescription.

Land Administration Act, 1995 (Act No. 2 of 1995)

The Act provides for the delegation of powers and the assignment of the administration of laws regarding land matters to the provinces. It also provides for the creation of uniform land legislation.

Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999)

This Act regulates financial management in National Government and Provincial Government, to ensure that all revenue, expenditure, assets and liabilities of those governments are managed efficiently and effectively.

Promotion of Access to Information Act , 2000, Act No. 2 0f 2000), as amended

The Act underlines the importance of access to information for an open, democratic, transparent society. The Act gives legislative form to Section 32 of the Bill of Rights of the Constitution and should be interpreted as legislation giving effect to a constitutional right.

Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, 2003 (Act No. 53 of 2003)

The Act aims at promoting the achievement of the constitutional right to equality by increasing broad-based and effective participation of Black people in the economy. It also sets parameters for the development of the Property Charter and the Construction Charter as mechanisms to secure commitment from stakeholders in the construction and property industries.

Division of Revenue Act (DoRA)

Makes provision for the equitable division of revenue raised nationally, among the National, Provincial and Local spheres of government and the responsibilities of all three spheres pursuant to such division and for matters connected therewith. The Integrated Housing and Human Settlement Development Grant is managed in terms of the DoRA.

Inter-governmental Relations Framework Act of 2005

Establish a framework for National, Provincial and Local spheres of government to promote and facilitate the settlement of intergovernmental disputes and matters connected therewith.

Skills Development Act & Skills Development Levies Act

This Act regulates the training and Development of the employees and the funding thereof.

Preferential Procurement Policy Framework Act, No 5 of 2000

This Act gives effect to Section 217, Chapter 3 of the Constitution by providing a framework for the implementation of the Procurement Policy contemplated in Section 217, Chapter 2, of the Constitution and to provide for matters connected therewith.

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Disaster Management Act, 2002

This Act mandates each province as well as each district and metropolitan municipality is, in terms of sections 28 and 42of the Disaster Management Act, 2002, to “establish and implement a framework for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) aimed at ensuring an integrated and uniform approach to DRM” in its jurisdiction by all provincial and municipal organs of state, etc.

Occupational Health and Safety Act

It regulates the Health and safety issues in the workplace

Policy Framework

Policy Brief Description of the Policy

White Paper: A new Housing Policy and Strategy for South Africa, 1994

Commits Government to the establishment of socially and economically integrated communities situated in areas allowing convenient access to economic opportunities as well as health, educational and social amenities.

National Housing Code, 2000 (Revised in 2009)

Provides administrative guidelines for implementation of national housing policy. It sets the underlying policy principles, guidelines and norms and standards which apply to government’s various housing assistance programmes.

The Comprehensive Plan for the Development of Sustainable Human Settlements (Breaking New Ground (BNG), 2004)

A multi-dimensional plan focusing on improving the quality of living environments, new tenure options, integration, fast track delivery, capacity building and anti-corruption measures. The comprehensive Plan is supplemented by seven business plans:

Stimulating the Residential Property Market;

Spatial Restructuring and Sustainable Human Settlements;

Social (Medium-Density) Housing Programme;

Informal Settlement Upgrading Programme;

Institutional Reform and Capacity Building;

Housing Subsidy Funding and System Reforms; and

Housing and Job Creation.

Policy on Emergency Housing Assistance within urban and rural contexts

Facilitate programmes that will ensure speedy provision of temporary housing relief to people, in urban and rural areas within the province of the Eastern Cape, who find themselves in emergency situations. These include the following categories of households: Those whose existing shelters have been destroyed or damaged by natural causes, (e.g. tornados, flooding, fire, etc.); Those whose existing houses are located in prevailing situation that poses an immediate threat to their lives, health and safety, (buildings that are not conducive for human habitation, environmentally unsafe areas, etc.) Those evicted or face a threat of imminent evictions (e.g. farm-dwellers and worker, tenants, etc.)

Policy on Housing People Infected with and affected by HIV and AIDS / people with disability

The policy overcomes the barriers affecting housing delivery to HIV and AIDS victims and orphans who are always left destitute as well as people with disability, by enhancing their sustainable human settlements. Ensure that there is uniform and equitable approach in the utilization, provision and management of facilities that are funded and managed under the ambit of this policy.

Supply Chain Management Policies and Procedures

Procurement Policy for Urgent Interventions for Housing Delivery in the Eastern Cape- deals with elimination of backlog in housing delivery and accelerated housing delivery.

Acquisition Management Manual

It provides guidelines that regulate procurement of goods and services by organs of state in a fair, competitive, cost-effective, transparent and equitable manner.

Compliance and Risk Management Policies

Compliance to policies and eliminate risks in the procurement of goods and services to fulfil the provisions of the Public Finance Management Act.

Human Resource Development Policies

HRD policy clearly guides the employees and the employer on the training and development of staff

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Information and Communication Technology Policy

It ensures efficient and effective use of information and communication technology resources and applications.

2.2 HOUSING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK The Housing Act, 1997 (Act No. 107 of 1997) assigns the three spheres of government the responsibility of

ensuring that: “the need of the poor in respect of housing development is given priority by government;

government consults meaningfully with individuals and communities affected by housing development;

housing development is economically, fiscally, socially and financially affordable and sustainable”.

The Housing Act further clarifies the role and responsibility of the national, provincial and local spheres of

government with regard to housing development but when it comes to the local sphere of government, the

Housing Act does not differentiate between the District and Local Municipality. Constitution of 1996,

however, defines Category C municipality as a municipality that has municipal executive and legislative

authority over an area that includes more than one local municipality. This, in effect, means that the

immediate constituency of a district municipality is its local municipality not communities.

In terms of the Municipal Structures Act No. 117 of 1998, a district municipality is expected to build the

“capacity of local municipalities in its area to perform their functions and exercise their powers where such

capacity is lacking. A district municipality may provide services to citizen directly when that affects significant

proportion of municipalities in the district.

The table below summarizes the roles and responsibilities of the various spheres of government in relation

to housing delivery:

National Provincial Municipality

To establish and facilitate a sustainable national housing development process (Sect. 3(1)) National housing policy Goals - setting broad national

housing delivery goals; facilitating setting of provincial housing delivery goals; where appropriate, facilitating setting of municipal housing delivery goals in support of national and provincial goals - Sect. 3(2)

Funding - negotiate for the national apportionment of the state budget for housing and based on DORA formula, determines conditional grant allocations - Sect 3(4)

Performance Monitoring - monitors performance of all three spheres of government against housing delivery goals and budget- Sect3 (2)(c)

Capacity Building – assists provinces to develop administrative capacity – Sect 3(2)(d) and, supports and

To promote and facilitate the provision of adequate housing in the Province, within a framework of national policy, after consulting the provincial organizations representing municipalities (Sect 7(1))

Provincial policy determined - Sect. 7(2)(a)

Provincial legislation to ensure effective housing delivery - Sect. 7(2)(b)

Capacity Building – support and strengthen municipalities - Sect 7(2)(c) and (e)

Housing development – to co-ordinate housing development in the Province - Sect 7(2)(d)

Intervention – when municipality fails to perform functions i.t.o. Housing Act - Sect 7(2)(f)

Planning- Multi-year plan to be prepared - Sect 7(2)(g)

Municipal Accreditation -Sect 10

As part of the process of integrated development planning, to ensure within the framework of national and provincial housing legislation and policy, that the right to have access to adequate housing is realized on a progressive basis (Sect 9(1))

Housing delivery goals – to be set for municipal area in annual housing Plan Sect 9(1)(b)

Housing development - initiate plan, co-ordinate, facilitate, promote and enable appropriate housing development in municipal area - Sect 9(1)(f)

Land for housing – identify and designate land for housing development- Sect 9(1)(c); plan and manage land use and development- Sect 9(1)(h)

Health and safety – Sect 9(1 )(a)(ii) Efficient Services - water, sanitation,

electricity, roads, storm water drainage and transport to be provided in economically efficient manner - Sect 9(1)(a)(iii)

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National Provincial Municipality

strengthens municipalities - Sect 3(2)(e)

Consultation – promotes consultation between National and housing sector, including other spheres of government - Sect 3(2)(f)

Communication – promotes effective communication i.r.o. housing development- Sect 3(2)(g)

Public environment - to be created and maintained to be conducive to housing development- Sect 9(1)(d)

Conflict resolution - in respect of conflict arising in housing development - process - sect 9(1)(e)

Bulk and revenue generating services- to be provided by municipality where not provided by specialist utility suppliers – Sect 9(1)(g)

2.3 HOUSING PROGRAMMES The Housing Act, 1997 (Act No. 107 of 1997) outlined the various housing development programmes that

serve as instruments for the implementation of the national housing policy. The following represents the

various housing programmes.

National Housing Programme Policy Objective

Individual subsidy To assist beneficiaries to acquire ownership of fixed residential properties for the first time and to enable them to buy existing homes or homes in projects not approved by the Provincial Department of Human Settlements.

Project-linked subsidy To assist beneficiaries to acquire ownership of fixed residential properties for the first time and to enable them to buy homes in projects approved by the Provincial Department of Human Settlements

Project-linked Consolidation subsidy

To enable beneficiaries who have only received serviced sites under the previous dispensation and who hold ownership rights to such sites to provide or upgrade a top structure on such site.

Discount Benefit Scheme To promote home ownership among tenants of State-financed rental stock, including formal housing and serviced sites. In terms of this Scheme. Where the discount amount equals or exceeds the purchase price or loan balance, the property is transferred free of any further capital charges.

Institutional Subsidy To provide subsidised accommodation through institutions, to persons who qualify for individual ownership subsidies on the basis of secure tenure such as rental, instalment sale, share-block, etc. This subsidy type is utilised through social housing

People’s Housing Process (PHP) To support people who want to build or manage building of their homes themselves to access consolidation, project-linked, institutional and rural housing subsidies as well as other support measures.

Housing for the Disabled To enable disabled persons to access housing

Consolidation Subsidy Programme

Available to beneficiaries of previous government housing assistance schemes who received services stands in ownership. Beneficiaries of such stands may apply for further assistance to construct a house on their stands or to upgrade their house they have constructed from their own resources.

Rural Housing subsidy: Informal Land Rights

Facilitate project based housing development for beneficiaries on communal land. Can be addressed through appropriate funding, institutional, decision-making and management framework for the programme.

Emergency Housing Programme

It provides temporary assistance in the form of secure access to land and/or basic municipal engineering services and/or shelter in a wide range of emergency situations.

Informal Settlement Upgrading To facilitate the structures in-situ upgrading of informal settlements as opposed to relocation to achieve tenure security, health and security and empowerment.

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Social Housing Contribute to the government vision of economically empowered, non-racial, and integrated society living in sustainable human settlement through national priority to address structural, economic, social and spatial dysfunctionalities.

Community Residential Units (CRUs)

CRU aims to facilitate the provision of secure stable rental tenure for lower income persons, households with income between R800 and R3 500 per month who are not able to enter the formal private rental and social housing market.

3 PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES AND METHODOLOGY Public participation as the most powerful tool that shapes development practices will form one of the

principles of this Human Settlements Sector Plan (HSSP). This process will ensure involvement of different

actors, especially the Local Municipality, District Municipality, and other stakeholders such as the Provincial

Department of Human Settlements. The quality of this HSSP process is dependent on the level of

involvement and participation of the interested and affected parties, most especially the Local

Municipalities, who will have to adopt the HSSP into their IDPs. This is a democratic process through which

municipalities were requested to identify their needs, voice their demands in order to contribute to the

improvement of the livelihoods of their people.

These major actors will be involved in all the phases of planning process. This means that the process

promotes decentralization of resource allocation and enhances transparency and accountability in the

management of public goods. It is also an important factor to promote the efficiency and effectiveness of

the project design and implementation. Although the process itself can be time consuming, the involvement

gives the local municipality a sense of pride and ownership and responsibility thereby guaranteeing better

project performance. The human settlement sector planning process of the development of this HSSP is in

accordance with that of the IDP and will be undertaken in five phases (See Figure 3.1) as follows:

Phase 1: Inception and Analysis

At this stage, the project vision was identified and a detail project plan was developed. This was followed

by a project introductory session, whereby the project was introduced to both local and district office of the

Department of Human Settlements by CHDM. Institutional Arrangements were discussed to guarantee the

involvement of various local municipalities. A project Inception report was then developed and submitted

to the CHDM.

The analysis stage involved two processes, namely, desk-top analysis and field interview involving

administration of questionnaire from relevant data sources. The broad aim of this phase was to identify

human settlements demand and supply.

The desk-top analysis gives an overview of the legislative framework on human settlements as well as the

municipality’s current situation with regards to human settlements development and management. Taking

into consideration the legislative and policy documents relevant to human settlements delivery as well as

the municipality’s IDP and SDF, information on the human settlements needs and demands were revealed.

A report was then compiled, which enables an informed assessment of the level of human settlements

development to be undertaken within the municipality. This report was presented in order to provide the

municipality with information on the status and also to get an understanding of the current human

settlements and related conditions.

The phase of the situation analysis also involved the development and administration of questionnaire.

Unlike the previous phase, this phase was more interactive. It aimed at acquiring more detailed and updated

information on the municipality’s human settlements situation. This included an investigation of human

settlements backlog / need, land availability, access to infrastructure, human resource capacity to deal with

human settlements issues within the municipality, and other issues relevant to human settlements delivery.

Fieldwork was also undertaken to physically engage with the key issues affecting the municipality as well as

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investigations on particular issues of critical importance to human settlements. This was followed by a

workshop at a local level, which aimed to identify and discuss all the key issues and challenges affecting

human settlements development. A District Coordinating Committee Meeting where all the municipalities

were represented was held. All the information was then analyzed and collated to form a consolidated

situation analysis report.

Phase 2: Formulation of Human Settlements Strategy

After all key issues have been identified; the vision and mission statements indicating where the municipality

would like to go in terms of human settlements delivery were developed. Objectives and strategies on how

to achieve this vision were thereafter developed. Careful consideration of all the above challenges and

available resources and potential needs were considered. These were meant that the municipality finds

more appropriate, innovative and cost-effective solutions for resolving the identified human settlements

issues as targets for human settlements delivery were specified and the methodology for their achievement

clarified in this phase. Again, local and district municipalities’ workshops / forums were held and a report

was then produced detailing the human settlements vision, goals, objectives and strategies.

Phase 3: Projects Identification

Human settlements projects will be formulated at this phase and these must fundamentally relate to the

achievement of the objectives and strategies developed in phase 2 above. Information on human

settlements demand must be obtained from the municipalities and other sources.

Phase 4: Integration

The compilation of sector programmes and plans is meant to ensure that the collective impact and resource

requirement of individual human settlements projects makes the most efficient use of all available

resources.

Phase 5: Final Human Settlements Sector Plan and Approval

This final phase deals with the identification of actions that will be undertaken in order to achieve realistic

solutions for effective human settlements development within each local municipality. A draft Human

Settlements Sector Plan (HSSP) will be prepared, with an implementation plan. Amongst others, the phase

will involve the following:

Alignment with overall IDP objectives and strategies

Consolidation of the requirements of individual human settlements projects from resources available

The technical, financial, environmental and institutional viability of projects

The achievement of coherence and integration between the projects of different sectors

The process of closing off with the documentation of housing related information into a ‘human

settlements chapter’ within the IDP.

In support of the above, a workshop will be held to discuss and agree upon, the quantum of targets and

budget requirements for all the Key Performance Areas will be indicated. This ensures an implementable

HSSP. The draft HSSP will then be presented to Council for approval and will be reviewed annually.

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Figure 3.1 Human Settlements Sector Planning Process

Adapted from Municipal Housing Sector Manual, 2006

4 SITUATION ANALYSIS

4.1 LOCALITY AND DESCRIPTION Sakhisizwe Local Municipality is an administrative area in the Chris Hani District Municipality (CHDM) of the

Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. It is approximately 113km East of Queenstown which is the District’s

administrative centre. The Municipality is classified as category B Municipality in terms of Municipal

Structures Act.

The two urban centres within the LM, Cala and Elliot, are situated 33km apart. Cala consists of the suburb of

Cala Reserve, Cala SP, California, Mdantsane, Phakamisani and Ndodo communities, whilst Elliot includes

Elliot SP1, Elliot SP2, Masibambane, Polar Park, Takalani, and Vergenoeg communities. The rural areas of

both towns are mostly commercial agricultural farms.

The Sakhisizwe Local Municipal Council is the ultimate political decision-making body of the LM and consists

of 9 wards with 19 councillors.

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Plan 4-1: Regional context

Plan 4-2: Ward Boundaries

4.2 DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

4.2.1 Population Size and Households The total population residing in the whole Sakhisizwe Local Municipality (SLM) area stood at 63 582 in 2011

(Census 2011) but this was slightly increased to 63 846 in 2016 (Community Survey 2016). There were 16

151 households in 2011 but this was reduced to 14 848 households resulting in an average household size

of 4.3 persons in 2016, spreading across the nine (9) wards. The population growth rate over the past five

years (2011–2016) is estimated at approximately 0.1% per annum.

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There are an estimated 14 848 households in the municipal area in 2016 and with the total population of 63

846, the average household size is estimated at 4.3 for SLM. Comparisons between Census 2001, Census

2011 and Community survey 2016 indicate that the population of the municipal area decreased from 64 787

in 1996 to 63 582 in 2001 and maintained the figure of 63 582 in 2011 but slightly increased to 63 846 in

2016.

In 2016, the average household size has decreased from 16 151 in 2011 to 14 848 in 2016. Increased or

decreased in average household size has important implications on in terms of demand and allocation of

resources i.e. housing, social amenities and economic opportunities.

Table 4-1: Total Population, No of Households and Household size 1996 2001 2011 2016 Av. growth

1996-2011

Av. growth

2011-2016

Population 64 787 63 582 63 582 63 846 -0.12% 0.1%

Household 12 867 15 199 16 151 14 848 1.7% -1.6%

Av. Household Size 5.0 4.2 3.9 4.3

Source: Census, 1996, 2001 & 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.2.2 Population Projection The HSP should provide a trend analysis to inform future growth. Population projections have become very

important in predicting the development of a particular area in terms of housing provisions in the district.

Through population projections, the municipality will know how many houses, schools, job opportunities,

community facilities need to be developed to provide for the SLM population for future purposes.

Based on the present age-gender structure and the present fertility, mortality and migration rates,

Sakhisizwe LM's population is projected to grow at an average annual growth rate of 0.1% from 63 846 in

2016 to 64 484 in 2022. Therefore, housing officials, planners, municipal and government officials need to

plan for the municipality according to such a figure.

Table 4-2: Projected Population

Year 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

population 63 846 63 910 63 973 64 037 64 101 64 165 64 229

Households 14 848 14 863 14 878 14 892 14 907 14 922 14 940

4.2.3 Gender Distribution In terms of gender distribution, females dominate with 32 898 (51.5%) while males account to 30 948

(48.5%) in 2016. This means that there are more females in the study area than males. The difference in the

ratios might be attributed to high mobility of the male population to other places of employment in search

of job opportunities. The above suggests a need to implement a gender-sensitive approach to local economic

development initiatives and housing provision to suit both male and female households. The economic

development initiatives for the area must also include skills development for both males and females to

enable them to provide for their families in terms of providing the basi necessities of life and building or

buying houses for themselves.

The comparison between Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016 indicate that male population has

slightly increased from 48.2% in 2011 to 48.5% in 2016 and female population has also slightly decreased

from 51.8% in 2011 to 51.5% in 2016.

Table 4-3: Gender Distribution

2011 2016

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No % No %

Male 30 647 48.2 30 948 48.5

Female 32 935 51.8 32 898 51.5

Total 63 582 100.0 63 846 100.0

Source: Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016

4.2.4 Age Distribution Like many municipalities in the Eastern Cape, the study area has predominantly a youthful population in

terms of age distribution. The youthful population (0-14 years) in the municipality is a approximately 38.7%.

The working class population (15-64years) accounts for 53.8%. The percentage of the population above 65+

years accounts for 7.5%. The dependency rate within the municipality stands at 46.2% (youth population 0-

14years and population above 65+ years).

There is generally a prevalence of young people in the area. This suggests that rapid expansion is needed for

job opportunities in future. Also, more social facilities are also needed to meet the needs of this category of

the population in the future. This therefore suggests that service provision and social development initiatives

should be targeted at youth and should be an important consideration for integrated sustainable

development decisions.

Table 4-4: Age group

Age group 2011 2016

No % No %

0 -14 years 21 758 34.9 24 691 38.7

15 – 34 years 20 199 32.4 24 707 38.7

35 – 64 years 15 712 25.2 9 653 15.1

65+ years 4 615 7.4 4 795 7.5

Source: Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016

4.2.5 Migration Migration has contributed to the population growth within the municipality. As illustrated in the table below,

a large number of people (92.2%) migrated from other parts of Eastern Cape Province to the Sakhisizwe

Local Municipality. Migration also contributes to housing demand within the local municipality. The table

below also indicates the number of people who came to settle within the municipality from other provinces

and outside South Africa either on permanent or temporary basis.

According to SLM IDP (2016 – 2017), migration is not a serious factor in housing demand within the

Sakhisizwe municipality since very few numbers converge into our areas in search of greener pastures.

Table 4-5: Migration from other provinces and outside South Africa to SLM

Province No %

Eastern Cape (from other parts of the province) 4 649 92.2

Western Cape 109 2.2

Gauteng 8 0.2

Free State 2 0.03

Northern Cape 1 0.01

Limpopo 60 1.2

North West 3 0.1

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Province No %

Mpumalanga 2 0.03

KwaZulu Natal 5 0.1

Outside South Africa 209 4.1

Total 5 045 100.0

Source: Census, 2011

4.2.6 Employment Status In 2016, out of 18 129 economically active population, only 9 871 (54.4%) people were employed and 8 258

(45.5%) people were unemployed. Comparisons between census 2011 and community survey indicate that

the number of employed people in the municipality increased from 8 952 in 2011 to 9 871 in 2016.

Table 4-6: Employment Status

1996 2001 2011 2016

No % No % No % No %

Employed 5 604 47,5 5 995 42,2 8 954 61,2 9871 54.4

Unemployed 6 206 52,5 8 203 57,8 5 668 38,8 8 258 45.5

Source: Census, 1996, 2001 & 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.2.7 Income Level About 1 856 (12.5%) of the total households have no income and would therefore not be able to afford

housing or other services and would qualify for low cost housing subsidy. Approximately 65.6% of the

households earns less than R3201 per month and would also qualify for social housing. About 14.9% of the

households earn between R3201 – R25600 per month and can be assumed to fall within the middle-income

bracket and 7.0% of households earn more than R25601 per month and would fall within the high income

bracket. The comparison between census 2011 and community survey 2016 indicate that households

without income decreased from 14.7% in 2011 to 12.5% in 2016.

Table 4-7: Annual and Monthly Household Income

Monthly Household Income 2011 2016

No % No %

No income 2 446 14.7 1 856 12.5

R1 - R400 998 6.0 921 6.2

R401-R800 1 947 11.7 1 529 10.3

R801-R1600 4 459 26.8 4 247 28.6

R1601-R3200 3 577 21.5 3 044 20.5

R3201-R6400 1 414 8.5 1 128 7.6

R6401-R12800 848 5.1 594 4.0

R12801-R25600 566 3.4 490 3.3

R25601-R51200 250 1.5 356 2.4

R51201-R102400 67 0.4 208 1.4

R102401-R204800 33 0.2 297 2.0

R204801 or more 33 0.2 178 1.2

Total 16 637 100.0 14 848 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.2.8 Poverty Distribution Out of 63 846 people in the municipality, about 56.0% (35 754) of people live in poverty and rely on social

grants from the government and also in terms housing, they rely on low cost housing subsidies offered by

the government through Provincial Department of Human Settlements (ECDoHS) (Community Survey, 2016).

4.2.9 Education Level According to the STATSSA groupings and education level analysis, population aged at 0 – 5 years is not

included in the educational overall profile as they have not yet attained schooling going age. In the light of

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the above, there are currently 30 807 people recorded in 2006 based on their level of education. The

following pertains:

Approximately 16.5% of the total population who were supposed to attend school have not received

any form of education. The comparison between Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016 indicated

that the number of people without any form of education has increased from 12.6% in 2011 to 16.5% in

2016. The percentage rise is 3.9% from 2011 to 2016.

A further 14.2% received partial primary education and 5.0% of the population completed primary

school.

About 40.2% received some secondary education in the grades of 8, 9, 10, and 11.

Approximately 16.9% of the population completed high school or matric (Grade 12).

Approximately 6.3% of the population have attended tertiary education either at university or

college/FET education.

The municipality is characterised by low levels of education as seen below. Education plays a significant role

in enhancing opportunities for the local population to be employable and this allows them to get some form

of incomes which allow them to buy or build their own houses.

Table 4-8: Education Levels

2011 2016

No % No %

No Schooling 4 130 12.6 5 077 16.5

Some Primary 8 004 24.5 4 379 14.2

Completed Primary 2 240 6.8 1 547 5.0

Some Secondary 11 465 35.1 12 398 40.2

Completed secondary 4 697 14.4 5 196 16.9

Higher Education 2 003 6.1 1 951 6.3

Others 156 0.5 259 0.8

Total 32 695 100.0 30 807 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS Sakhisizwe LM is located on the Eastern side of the CHDM. The LM consists of two urban centres, Cala and

Elliot, which serve as the home for secondary industries in the region. Sakhisizwe LM is one of the major

economic contributors within the district. Charcoal mining in Eliot started in August 2010 and created a

significant number of jobs. The region is ideal for small livestock farming, crops and vegetable production.

The tourism industry also contributes significantly to the economy of the area. Wildlife, scenic beauty (rock

art), warm hospitality and cultural heritage make Sakhisizwe LM a promising tourist destination. Cala

Mountain pass is the lead tourist attraction feature.

4.3.1 Economic Sectors From Table 4-9 below, the following deductions are made:

Primary sector - Agriculture, forestry, mining and quarrying contributed 4.0% to the Sakhisizwe Local

Municipality’s economy in 2016.

Secondary sector – manufacturing, electricity and construction contributed 10.0% to the municipality’s

economy in 2016.

Tertiary sector – trade, transport, financial and community services (government) contribute 86.0% to

the municipality’s economy. There is a growth in this sector.

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It should be indicated that for an economy of an area to grow, there is the need to strengthen both the

primary and secondary sectors, which both currently contribute only 14.0% to the municipality’s economy.

Table 4-9: Employment Sectors

Sector Activity 2011 2016

No % No %

Primary Agriculture 179 2.0 296 3.0

Mining 0 0 99 1.0

Sub total 358 2.0 395 4.0

Secondary Manufacturing 179 2.0 296 3.0

Electricity 90 1.0 197 2.0

Construction 179 2.0 494 5.0

Sub total 448 5.0 987 10.0

Tertiary Trade 1 969 22.0 2 172 22.0

Transport 90 1.0 790 8.0

Finance 179 2.0 1185 12.0

Community services 6 087 68.0 4 343 44.0

Sub total 8 325 93.0 8 489 86.0

Total Industries 8 952 100.0 9 871 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.4 INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT The distribution and capacity of infrastructure is a fundamental framework for sustaining development and

the manner and spatial location of infrastructure investment influences the response of development. In

many instances the scattered and sprawl development at low densities, has led to expensive provision of

infrastructural facilities. Provision of adequate infrastructure plays a significant role in the establishment of

sustainable human settlements which can cater for the daily needs of community members

4.4.1 Water Supply The Chris Hani District Municipality is a Water Services Authority for Sakhisizwe Local Municipality and is

responsible for the planning and provision of water and sanitation services. It is therefore tasked with

addressing a water services backlog. Water supply to the major towns is treated and subjected to operational

and compliance monitoring while there are small and remote rural communities whose supplies are seldom

monitored.

Most of the region is reliant on surface water from the Thompson Dam, Zindlawana Springs and direct river

abstractions from the Tsomo River and its tributaries. The most significant surface water source in the

Sakhisizwe LM is the Tsomo River. The Zindlawana springs are a perennial river source to the Great Kei River

drainage system and the Slang River is a perennial river flowing into the Ntungwana River which in turn flows

into Xuka River.

Table 4-10: Water Resource

Resource Name

Dam Live Storage (Mm3)

Firm Yield (Mm3/a)

Operator Dam Location

Latitude Longitude

Tsomo River Tsomo Wire 0.437 0.098 Not known 31°30’09” 27°41’12”

Zindlawana Springs

Zindlawana Channel

- - Not known 31°32’08” 27°42’52”

Lubisi Dam 135 30 DWS

Ncora Dam 150 115 DWS

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Resource Name

Dam Live Storage (Mm3)

Firm Yield (Mm3/a)

Operator Dam Location

Slang River Thompson Dam 0.445 0.440 Not known 31°18’59” 27°52’09”

Source: Sakhisizwe LM Water Sector Plan 2016

Plan 4-3: DWAF Water schemes

4.4.2 Source of Water Supply About 91.1% of households in the Sakhisizwe LM have access to piped water from regional/local water

scheme (operated by the municipality or other water services providers) either inside the dwelling and the

yard or at a communal piped water point less than 200m from the dwelling (at RDP level) or at a communal

piped water which is more 200m (below RDP level). About 8.9% of households have no formal piped water

and rely on other sources of water supply such as rain water, boreholes, dams, pools, rivers and springs. The

backlog of RDP standard water provision in Sakhisizwe LM is therefore sitting at 48.9%.

The comparison between census 2011 and community survey 2016 indicate that households with access to

piped water increased from 62.1% in 2011 to 91.1% in 2016.

Table 4-11: Source of water

Source of water 2011 2016

No % No %

Regional/local water scheme (operated by municipality or other water services provider)

10 332 62.1 13 527 91.1

Borehole 1 647 9.9 817 5.5

Rain water tank 166 1.0 30 0.2

Dam/pool/stagnant water 582 3.5 30 0.2

River/stream 1 531 9.2 297 2.0

Water vendor 50 0.3 15 0.1

Water tanker 782 4.7 74 0.5

Other 616 3.7 59 0.4

Total 16 637 100.0 14 848 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

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4.4.3 Sanitation Supply In 2016, about 31.0% of the households had access to sanitation facilities in the form of flush toilets either

connected to a sewerage system or with septic tanks. Approximately 42.0% of households have access to pit

toilets with or without ventilation. The households which use bucket system amount to 1.0% and those

which do not have sanitation facilities account for 1.0%. Sanitation backlog in the municipal area currently

stands at 21.4%. The comparisons among census 2001, 2011 and community survey 2016 indicate that

households with access to sanitation facilities increased from 36.9% in 2001 to 47.3% in 2011 and then again

increased to 78.6% in 2016.

Table 4-12: Sanitation

2001 2011 2016

No % No % No %

Flush toilet (connected to sewerage system) 2 499 17.3 3 361 20.2 4 307 29.0

Flush toilet (with septic tank) 188 1.3 532 3.2 297 2.0

Chemical toilet 838 5.8 699 4.2 3 564 24.0

Pit latrine with ventilation (VIP) 1 806 12.5 3 277 19.7 3 504 23.6

Pit latrine without ventilation 4 406 30.5 4 808 28.9 2 732 18.4

Bucket latrine 274 1.9 316 1.9 148 1.0

None 4 449 30.8 2 595 15.6 148 1.0

Other 809 5.6 1 048 6.3 148 1.0

Total 14 446 100.0 16 637 100.0 14 848 100.0

Source: Census, 2001, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.4.4 Electricity Supply Eskom is the main provider of electricity. Sakhisizwe is licensed to supply only in the areas of Khowa (Elliot)

town, Hill View Township and Takalani Township.

The table below indicates that in 2016, about 94.0% of households had access to electricity, whilst 6.0% of

households were relying on other sources of energy such as gas, paraffin and candles for lighting and

cooking. Thus, the backlog of electricity in SLM is stands at 6.0% of the households. The comparison between

census 2011 and community survey 2016 indicates that the households with access to electricity have

increased from 80.3% in 2011 to 94.0% in 2016 although the number of households decreased in 2016. The

increase amounts to 13.7%.

Table 4-13: Source of energy

Source 2011 2016

No % No %

Electricity 13 360 80.3 13 957 94.0

Paraffin 2 210 13.3 223 1.5

Gas 10 0.1 15 0.1

Solar 126 0.8 30 0.2

Candles 891 5.4 148 1.0

woods 11 0.1 30 0.2

0ther 29 0.2 148 1.0

Total 16 637 100.0 14 848 100.0

Source: Census 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

Plan 4-4: Electricity network

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4.4.5 Refuse Removal Refuse removal is a primary competence of the local municipality. About 7.1% of households have their

refuses removed by the municipality at least once per week in 2016. The municipality collects household

refuse from all urban areas on a weekly basis. The backlog in terms of refuse removal services in the

municipality amounts to 92.9%. Of this percentage, 62.0% of households in the municipality rely on their

own methods of solid waste disposal. People dump their waste anywhere and this can cause air and ground

pollution and can also lead to serious health problems.

Comparison between census 2011 and community survey 2016 indicates that households with access to

refuse removal in the municipality decreased from 21.0% in 2011 to 7.1% in 2016. The implication for

Sakhisizwe Municipality is its efficiency and effectiveness in refuse collection, particularly in its urban nodes

as its good performance will ensure health and hygiene as well as aesthetical attractiveness of those nodes.

Table 4-14: Refuse removal

2011 2016

No % No %

Removed by local authority at least once per week 3 494 21.0 891 6.0

Removed by local authority less often 166 1.0 163 1.1

Communal refuse dump 166 1.0 594 4.0

Own refuse dump 8 319 50.0 9 206 62.0

No rubbish disposal 4 492 27.0 3 415 23.0

Unspecified /other 0 0 594 4.0

Total 16 637 100.0 14 848 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

4.4.6 Telecommunication Telkom is the main provider of the landline telephone services in the Sakhisizwe area. Cellular network

coverage is patchy due to the mountainous terrain as is television and radio reception. Business

telecommunication services and facilities are unreliable due to inadequate infrastructure for broadband.

General communication is largely through the mobile and fixed telecoms.

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4.4.7 Transport Network Transport plays a critical role in economic development. The municipality’s physical transportation systems

are poorly linked and overly rely on road-based network. The lack of established rail system linkages is a

huge obstacle to realizing the existing potential in underperforming yet promising economic sectors like

tourism, forestry, manufacturing and agriculture production. The lack of established rail transport network

coupled with poorly maintained road infrastructure contributes negatively to its competitive advantage. It

makes it difficult for the industries to have effective distribution networks necessary to link out local produce

to markets.

Plan 4-5: Transport network

4.4.8 Roads, Bridges and Storm water Road infrastructure is critical to economic development of an area. Sakhisizwe municipality has a direct

responsibility for construction and maintenance of its access road network while other roads are the

responsibility of other spheres of government including the district municipality, province and national

department of roads and transport.

The majority of tarred road network in the Sakhisizwe municipality is provincial and district roads and few

access roads. The rest of the municipality’s road network is gravel. It is often characterised by poor storm

water drainage designs which often put a lot of pressure on the visual road index and surface durability

especially during rainy seasons. There are over 300km of this type of road network which need regular

maintenance and upgrading

4.4.9 Public Transport Various means of public transportation are used within the Sakhisizwe LM. Buses, taxis and vans are

commonly used as forms of transportation from one place to another. Vans are common in rural areas and

are used to transport people to the towns, where they can access services.

Sakhisizwe public transport system is currently uncoordinated and poorly planned. For example, there is no

functional public transport interchange that offers well designed and planned public facilities. The ranks do

not have functional ablution facilities and lack integration in the way they function as a public space.

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4.4.10 Landing strip There is a landing strip in Khowa (Elliot) which is currently under-utilised and not properly managed either.

This facility is a potential source of revenue. Since the municipality does not have relevant aviation skills or

capacity to operate this facility, it is suggested that Sakhisizwe council considers offering the facility to a

private investor through a service level agreement for its operations and maintenance.

4.5 COMMUNITY FACILITIES

4.5.1 Educational Facilities Sakhisizwe LM has 70 schools which made up of 19 primary schools, 45 combined schools and 6 secondary

schools. (Eastern Cape Department of Education, 2014)

Plan 4-6: Existing Education Facilities

4.5.2 Health facilities Sakhisizwe Sub-District consists of 14 clinics, 2 mobile clinics, and 2 District hospitals (Khowa (Elliot) and

Cala). The table below shows some of the clinics, hospitals and mobile clinics.

Table 4-15: Health facilities

Clinics Mobiles Hospitals

Khowa (Elliot) main Clinic

1 District Mobile Clinic (CHDM) Cala

Beestekraal Khowa (Elliot) Mobile Clinic (Gubenxa & Mhlwazi) 2 Cala Mobile has 2 mobile vehicles with 37 stopping station

Khowa (Elliot) Khowa (Elliot) Provincial Hospital is a 52-bed public hospital, located in Maclear Road in Khowa (Elliot), the R56 main running through Khowa (Elliot).

Tsengiwe

Upper Lafuta

Ncedolwethu

Sifondile

Askeaton

Tembeihle

Nyalasa

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Plan 4-7: Existing Hospital and clinics

4.5.3 Sports Fields There are ten (10) sport fields within the municipal area. The main challenge is that these existing facilities

are poorly planned and do not respond appropriately to the needs of target user communities.

4.5.4 Existing Libraries There are three main libraries located in Khowa (Elliot) and Cala and a modular library in Askeaton to service

greater Sakhisizwe areas. The new Khowa (Elliot) Library project is underway and the municipality is in

negotiation with DSRAC for its speedy delivery and operation.

4.5.5 Community Halls There are 8 community halls within the municipality. Some of these community halls require maintenance.

The IDP indicated that there is shortage of community halls in their municipal area. Community halls provide

multiple opportunities, including a place for people to gather for meetings, a place from which information

may be disseminated, and a place from which services (such as pension payouts) may be provided. The lack

of community halls means that local communities have no place to gather, partake in recreational and

educational activities, and receive pensions or pertinent community information.

4.5.6 Cemeteries There are four (4) cemeteries within the municipal area. There is no ward that has no cemetery at all at the

moment; the only challenge is that existing facilities fall short of required expectations in terms of quality of

service. Ward 4 & 5 cemeteries are properly maintained while 1 & 2 are not because communities do not

pay for services. For example, some cemeteries are not properly fenced and this cases stray animals to roam

and destroy valuable assets. Others are located in areas that have geological challenges resulting in prevalent

dampness and potential risk to underground water by contamination.

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4.5.7 Parks & Recreational Facilities There are 2 formal parks within the municipality in Cala and Khowa (Elliot) and these have public furniture.

One of them is Thomson’s Dam in Khowa (Elliot) and others. These facilities require maintenance of toilets

and refuse facilities.

4.5.8 Police stations There are a number of police stations such as Cala police station and Khowa (Elliot) Police station within

Sakhisizwe Local Municipality that serve the entire communities.

Plan 4-8: Police stations

4.6 LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Sakhisizwe LM consists of Cala, Khowa (Elliot) and the surrounding rural villages and is one of the LMs in the

District that has a potential in agriculture and agro-processing. However, the area has a poorly linked road

network and the rail system needs to be rehabilitated. The Municipality lies at the foothills of the

Drakensberg Mountains and the natural environment is the basis for the rural economy through tourism

and agriculture development. The Local Economic Development (LED) activities of the municipal area

consists of the following:

4.6.1 Agriculture The agricultural sector in Sakhisizwe LM can be divided into two types, namely, the subsistence lifestyle

farming and commercial farming. Livestock farming of cattle, goats and sheep is common in both subsistence

and commercial farming in the municipality. Sakhisizwe LM has high potential for agricultural produce but

this potential is not yet fully explored. The municipality is also endowed with high fertile lands for crop

production. However, this potential remains underutilised in most parts of the municipality.

According to the Sakhisizwe IDP (2018 – 2019), the municipal agriculture production is characterised by

largely small communal farming units that produce specific crops individually and farming outputs and some

few commercial farms, especially in Khowa (Elliot) areas. Although agriculture is the second largest

contributor to employment and GVA in the area, it faces challenges, such as:

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Shallow soils,

Low rainfall and temperature variations,

Lack of irrigation water, as well as,

Lack of security in farm areas due to armed robbery, stock theft and murder.

Land is identified as suitable for forestry and this is under-utilised, presenting high potential for further

agricultural development, particularly for dry land maize, potatoes and beans as well as irrigated maize.

Potential exists for local production and marketing of vegetables, while high grazing potential favours

livestock farming.

The agricultural activities that is practised in the municipal area include maize production and animal

husbandry. Cattle and sheep rearing are practised mainly at commercial level around the areas of Khowa

(Elliot) Town. In Cala area, there are many small-scale commercial and subsistence farmers and these small-

holder farmers focus on cattle, sheep and goat farming, although goats are kept mainly for cultural practices.

The main sources of water for agriculture and other purposes are rivers, dams and boreholes.

4.6.2 Crop farming Maize was ranked as the most common crop grown by smallholder farmers in the communal areas and it is

mostly grown in the entire municipal area. The other important crops grown by the smallholder farmers

included beans, pumpkins and sorghum. On the smallholder farms, maize, potatoes, pumpkin and onions

are grown mainly for subsistence, while spinach, cabbage and beans are grown for consumption and sale.

Butternut, beetroot and carrots (minor crops) are grown primarily for family consumption.

Plan 4-9: Crop Production – Maize Potential Areas

4.6.3 Livestock farming (Cattle, Sheep and Goats) Livestock farming is an important source of income for both commercial and communal farmers in the

Sakhisizwe LM. Sakhisizwe LM is also characterised by livestock farming which again is largely communal.

The main type of stock that is kept and bred is often goats, sheep and cattle.

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The mixed veld types of the Eastern Cape present a competitive advantage for livestock activities. The

municipality has adequate good quality grazing land that makes the area being suitable for livestock farming

such as, cattle, sheep, pigs and goats. Goats and cattle are found in large parts of the municipal area. This

type of farming is regarded as subsistence livestock farming within the municipality.

Plan 4-10: Livestock – Cattle and Sheep Potential Areas

4.6.4 Forestry, Timber and Wood Products Sakhisizwe LM also has woodlots and a few hectares of category A Plantations (pine stands). The area has

potential of being rich in forestry, timber and wood production. Sakhisizwe LM is richly endowed with a

number of forest plantation resources and these forest plantations are owned by the Department of Water

Affairs and Forestry (DWAF). Mondi enterprise has been established in Sakhisizwe municipal area, having

bought out many farms and planted them to timber, although their regional offices and staff are housed in

the neighbouring Ugie Town in Elundini Local Municipality.

Table 4-16: Distribution of Plantations

LM Ownership Total

Sakhisizwe Private State Community

9 224 455 0 9 679

Source: CHDM Corridor Development Plan (2012)

The municipality is among the areas with high potential for new afforestation. The table below shows the

new forestry potential in the local municipal area.

Table 4-17: Forestry potential

LM Forestry Potential (hectares)

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Sakhisizwe Good Moderate Total

987 56494 57481

Source: CHDM Corridor Development Plan (2012)

In terms of timber processing within the various municipalities in the CHDM, Sakhisizwe LM has a charcoal

manufacturing plant, using gum and wattle trees as raw material.

The forestry enterprises, activities and potentials within the local municipality for economic development

planning purposes are provided for the SLM with significant commercial forestry potential areas.

Table 3-25 presents the summary of the extent of existing and potential forestry, and the numbers and scale

of forestry activities in SLM. They also provide estimates of employment numbers and revenue generation

within the plantations and existing wood processors.

Table 4-18: Summary of Forestry Activities in SLM

Sector Segment Number Scale/Extent (ha, m3 /a or t/a

Employees Revenue (Rm/a)

Commercial Plantations 1 9 224 23.3

Woodlot Plantations 2 455 188 0.1

Total Existing 3 9 679 188 23.4

Afforestation Potential - Moderate

56 494

Afforestation Potential - Good

987

Total Potential 57 481

Total Plantation 67 160

Natural Forests (Group) 468

Sawmills - Large

Sawmills - Medium

Sawmills - Small

Sawmills - Indigenous

Chipboard

Veneer

Pole Treatment

Charcoal 1 600

Total Processing 1 600 15 0.1

Grand Total 203 23.5

Source: CHDM Corridor Development Plan (2012)

The situational analysis of the forest plantations and woodlots in SLM reveales that their management is

poor. The operational costs of the forest plantations and woodlots far outweigh the income generated by

these plantations. This, in other words, means that these forests are operated at a loss as the quality

produced is not good.

Sakhisizwe Charcoal Manufacturing Project

The project was started in August 2010 (CHDM IDP 2017 – 2022). The purpose of the project was to fight

alien vegetation. This in turn creates job opportunities through the charcoal project. This project is still on

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the initial stages as it is still not fully functional compared with that of Engcobo project. However, the project

will take the same form of Engcobo project in terms of operation and institutional arrangements.

Forest-Use Activities

Timber Products

Timber is produced in the form of logs, sawed into rafters for housing and made into planks for furniture

and other items. Sawmills are generally located quite close to forests which are the source of the timber so

that wood does not have to be transported far before being processed.

Non-Timber Forest Products

Of less commercial although significant economic importance are the varieties of Non-Timber Forest

Products (NTFP’s) that are associated with the forestry sector. Such NTFP’s include:

• Beekeeping and honey production

• Basket-making

• Picking and packaging of edible plants

• Ferns, foliage and flowers

• Medicinal plants

• Picking and packaging of mushrooms; and

• Hiking trails

Although the collection of woody material, medicinal plants and edible fruits is common, this is mostly

informal and for household purposes. In some areas, however, there is large-scale, illegal exploitation for

commercial purposes. The use of such forest produce is widespread in areas where forests occur. The value

to households of such produce is variable, and attempts at quantification usually include areas that are

regarded as woodland and grassland.

4.6.5 Tourism Development The tourism industry also contributes significantly to the economy of SLM. Wildlife, scenic beauty (rock art),

warm hospitality and cultural heritage make the municipal area a promising tourist destination. Cala

Mountain Pass is one of the lead tourist attraction features in SLM. Sakhisizwe LM falls within the “Friendly

N6” tourism region and is closely tied to the Maloti (Lesotho) Route, which is geared at tourism opportunities

around the theme of Xhosa Culture, while the landscape of the area is identified as an opportunity for game

and eco-tourism. The Municipality lies at the foothills of the Drakensberg Mountains and the natural

environment is also the basis for the rural economy through tourism. Listed below are some of the tourism

and heritage attractions within SLM:

Table 4-19: Tourism and Heritage Attraction in SLM Tourism & Heritage Attractions Description

Bathandwa Ndondo Route

The balanced and accurate history, especially the Liberation History of Sakhisizwe Municipality areas has yet to be written. However, the following is a brief account of the Bathandwa Ndondo Route which is part of the bigger Chris Hani District Municipality Tourism Route. The route comprises of: o The Khowa (Elliot) Five o Bathandwa Ndondo Route o Mnxe Location o Phumezo Nxiweni o Traditional Leaders: Stokwe Ndlela and Gecelo

The Elliot Five

MK Cadres had performed an operation in the Butterworth and Security Forces put up roadblocks on all exits from Transkei. The vehicle carrying the MK cadres

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the roadblock at Navar Farm is about 5 km from Khowa (Elliot) Town. A gun battle took place at which MK Cadres, Zola Mqadi and Lungile Sifuba, were killed (7 August 1981). Other Cadres including Mathabatha Sexwale escaped to Barkly Pass where they were also shot and killed a week later.

Mnxe Location Bathandwa Ndondo (1963-1985) did his primary schooling in Cala Town where he stayed with his aunt, Mrs Ntsebeza. He became politically active while studying law at the University of Transkei where he was elected as a Member of the Student Representative Council (SRC). He was expelled during his third year and became a fieldworker for the Health Care Trust in Cala. On 24 September 1985, he was picked up by police, acting under the direction of Vlakplaas Commender, Eugene De Kock. Bathandwa jumped out of the police vehicle and made for the nearest house, belonging to Mrs Vikilahle. The police followed, shouting ‘Shoot the Dog!’ and Bathandwa perished. The responsible police headed for Barkly East where they celebrated with a braai and drinks, as well as receiving a reward of R 500 each.

Mnxe Location During the period of Tshisatshisa (burn-burn) (1958-1963), people of Mnxe Location resisted the imposition of rehabilitation and of Chiefship, publicly insulting KD Matanzima by saying that he might be a Chief at Qamata, not but he was not wanted in Xhalanga District. The opposition took the name of AmaDyakopu after the Jacobins of the French revolution. Matanzima brought in his ‘soldiers’ from Qamata, not real soldiers at all but thugs. Mr Manzana Vintwembi was killed by these people, and even decapitated. Others were assaulted and tortured with electric shockes. Teachers were dismissed and deported. The people’s stock was looted and their furniture was destroyed.

Phumeza Nxiweni Phumeza (1965-1988) was a medical student at the University of Natal when he was recruited into MK. Following the 1985 ANC decision to step up the armed struggle, he was involved in an MK cell which carried out bombings in Durban. He was arrested in 1985 and eventually released, only to be abducted and killed by the apartheid regime in 1988.

Traditional Leaders: (Stokwe Ndlela and Gecelo)

Traditional Leaders first became aware of Colonial Rule when Mr. Levey, the Magistrate at Souhteyville near Cofimvaba, started to collect taxes and to claim authority over them. The final straw came when they were told to surrender their guns. The same week that Dalasile attacked Ngcobo, Stokwe Ndlela of AmaQwathi and Gecelo of AmaGcina, together with Siqungathi of Am Hala, attacked Lady Frere. The Colonial Army, however, had been informed that Stokwe was riding a white horse. He was badly wounded at the Battle of Ndonga and hidden in a nearby cave. It would appear the cave collapsed, killing Stokwe, but his exact grave site is not known. Gecelo survived the war, but his Great Place was expropriated to make space for Cala town. He was buried at Mbenge.

Elliot Four Monument Launch – 12 May 2018

The Khowa (Elliot) Four memorial is incorporated by the National Heritage Council as part of the Liberation Heritage Route initiative which traces and recognises the historical events, places and people associated with the liberation struggle of South Africa around the world. The Khowa (Elliot) Four monument site is where a battle between Umkhonto Wesizwe cadres, some of whom were from the now Gauteng Province and the apartheid security forces took place in 1981. The four who died are Kalipha Livingstone Senzangabom, Anthony Sureboy Dali, Thabiso Isaac Rakobo, and Joseph Lesetja Sexwale. The only survivor still alive, Junior Saliwa. The erection of this monument will provide an opportunity to memorialize the heroic legacy left behind by these gallant fighters who displayed deep commitment to liberate their people from the yoke of apartheid colonialism.

Source:

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The small rural farming town of Khowa (Elliot) lies in the valley of the Slang River, covering an area of only

7 km. The town is situated at the foothills of the Southern Drakensburg Mountains in the Eastern Cape

Midlands of South Africa. This town offers activities such as ; rock art, dinosaur footprints and skeleton site,

abseiling down the Tsista Falls, fly-fishing, horse trails, Ecowa and other scenic hiking trails, Gatberg,

adventure sports, scenic Barkly Pass, Naude's Nek and Bastervoedpad (4 x 4 ) and wildflower tours.

Registered guides are also available. The Khowa (Elliot) region boasts numerous high-quality game reserves

and safari opportunities such as white-water rafting, leisurely strolls in the great outdoors and fly-fishing.

Rock paintings from the country’s earliest inhabitants (the San people), provide a unique eye into the world

of many generations ago. Most of the paintings are mapped out, but there are still many that lie

undiscovered in the more remote areas of the region. Accommodation in the area includes B&B’s,

Guesthouses, Self-Catering and camping.

4.6.6 Retail Industry The main concentration of retail and trade facilities and services is mainly at municipal urban areas. The

retail industry is characterised by formal and informal trading. Retail (formal and informal) is considered as

source of income generation to the Sakhisizwe community members, however, there is significant growth

in small businesses, mainly in the retail and service sector, in Cala Town, yet Khowa (Elliot) is noted as having

a declining business sector.

Formal Sector

Due to the low-density rates and low disposable income in the rural areas, the critical threshold required to

make shops feasible are hardly achieved so that most of the shops in the rural areas involve small outlets

that only trade in the most basic foodstuff and consumer commodities. Currently in SLM, there is a number

of major shops such as Spar, Boxer Super Market and other mini-shops, taverns and hardware which are

mostly owned by Indians and Chinese in the urban areas. There are also filling stations, Bed and Breakfast,

and light industries (such as bakery).

Informal Sector

SLM is characterised by a thriving local economy whose business activities are mainly informal in nature.

Informal trading is an integral part of the public transport operation and are mostly prominent in the Central

Business Districts (CBDs) of the main urban centres. The main informal activities including the selling of:

Fruit and vegetables;

Livestock, such as, chickens;

Ready prepared meals, such as, pap and chicken, normally, at taxi ranks; and

Clothes and shoes.

4.6.7 Manufacturing The manufacturing sector in SLM has to be developed and improved to assist with the decrease of the

unemployment situation that currently exists, especially in the agriculture processing, forestry, mining and

construction sectors. However, this sector is hindered by poor infrastructure and lack of skills. There is also

a lack of financial supports from private and public departments. This poses a threat to the efficiency of this

development.

4.6.8 Mining Sakhisizwe is one of the LMs within the CHDM that has potential for coal mining opportunities. Illegal sand

mining takes places within the municipality and the sand is used for construction purposes.

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4.6.9 Small Medium and Micro-Enterprise (SMME) Development The SLM area has potential for the development of SMME’s and the majority operates as sole traders. Most

of the SMMEs are in the trade or service sector consisting of motor mechanic workshops, brick-making yards,

spaza shops, hair salons and catering services. There is a need to diversify SMME development to include

agriculture and tourism as opposed to the prevalent over-dependency on the retail sector. Existing SMME’s

in the SLM have not been quantified. There is a need to develop an SMME strategy in order to ensure that

the sustainability of projects is ensured.

The challenges that faced by SMME development in SLM are as follows:

Lack of technical capacity for SMME’s operation;

No existing plan / strategy for SMME’s and Co-operatives;

Lack of capacity building for entrepreneurs;

Lack of co-operative development centres;

Lack of financial and business management skills to manage businesses; and

Lack of business support and access to finances for SMMEs / Cooperatives.

5 SPATIAL ANALYSIS

5.1 Settlement Characteristics Sakhisizwe LM consists of nine (9) wards, with two towns namely Cala and Khowa (Elliot). These two towns

show sign of compactness but there are scattered low-density rural settlements and these are loosely

scattered throughout the southern portion of the municipal area and are mostly surrounded by communal

grazing land, but in some instances - arable lands. The structure of most of these rural settlements clearly

reflects a distinction between residential and arable/grazing uses. In a number of settlements where land

use rights were in the past issued in terms of the quitrent system, the ownership and use-rights are still

acknowledged and respected. The levels of service are generally low, with the majority of residential

structures being self-built.

Plan 5-1: Settlements Pattern

5.1.1 General Land Uses The land uses within SLM include residential areas, government offices, commercial buildings, public

transport facilities, education facilities, etc. There are also community facilities such as cemeteries, health

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facilities and community halls within the municipal area. Commercial and subsistence farming is also found

in the municipality as one of land uses. The issue of competing land uses especially around the utilisation of

potential agricultural land for human settlements development is noticed within the municipal area.

5.1.2 Settlement Hierarchy The CHDM SDF identifies two main development hierarchy of settlements nodes, these are Cala and Khowa

(Elliot). This hierarchy guides the LM in the allocation of appropriate levels of investment in infrastructure

and service functions. These functions include public administration facilities / institutions, business

activities, social and recreational facilities and other existing or potential economic enterprises (including

tourism-related enterprises).

The following classes of hierarchy of settlements have been identified and proposed for Sakhisizwe LM:

Table 5-1: Settlement Nodes and Hierarchy

Type Location Function of Settlement and associated typical land uses

Spatial Development Priorities

Sub-District Centres

Cala Municipal-scale Administrative Centre

Municipal-scale service centre for commercial and social goods and services

Residential development covering limited range of economic bands (Middle income– Low-income)

Potential for value-adding agro-industrial processes

Potential for event-related tourism events

Land Management and Administration

CBD Revitalisation and associated planning

Sustainable Human Settlement Programme

Public-funded housing development

Urban level of service infrastructure and social facilities upgrade.

Maintenance and upgrade of existing infrastructure.

Local Centres Khowa (Elliot)

Municipal-scale administrative centre

Local-scale service centre for commercial and social goods and services

Residential development covering limited range of economic bands (middle income– low-income)

Potential for value-adding agro-industrial processes

Limit urbanization (sustainability)

Urban aesthetics and land use management to support local tourism.

Maintenance and upgrade of urban level of service infrastructure

Environmental management (to support local tourism)

Sub-Local Centres

Lower Lufuta

Minor administrative Functions.

Minor service centre for social goods and services

Focused support of local economic initiatives –agriculture-based

Areas where higher order facilities should be focused in first instance

Maintenance and upgrade of existing infrastructure

Basic level of service extension with provision for higher levels of service where feasible and sustainable

Local planning to maximize use of resources and to formalize spatial elements of land rights and rights allocations

Local land use schemes to be negotiated

Rural Settlements

Rural settlements across the LM

Primarily residential and livelihood subsistence function.

Some provision of limited social goods and services

Basic level of service extension.

Local planning to maximize use of resources

Local land use schemes to be negotiated

Source: CHDM SDF (2015) and IDP (2017 – 2022)

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Plan 5-2: Settlement Nodes

Plan 5-3: Cala Node

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Plan 5-4: khowa (Elliot) Node

5.1.3 Corridors Corridor Name Description

R56 R56 linking Elliot to Barkly East and Aliwal North as well as the R56 linking Elliot to Indwe

Plan 5-5: Corridors

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5.2 LAND ISSUES

5.2.1 Land Tenure and Ownership Sakhisizwe LM undertook a detailed land audit in 2010 aimed at establishing ownership patterns and guiding

strategies to curb and control land invasion. Apart from small pockets of privately-owned land in the Cala

and Elliot towns of the municipality, the largest parts of the municipal area consist of lesser forms of tenure

on communal - state owned land. These forms of tenure include PTO’s and Quitrent (often in overlapping

allocations). The northern (former RSA) component of the Municipality consists of privately-owned farms

and erven.

5.2.2 Land Needs In order to satisfy the current demand, the recent report on ward-based planning in Sakhisizwe proposes

that an estimated 464 hectares may be needed for new development demand. The SDF also proposes that

there should be densification programmes in Phola Park, Old Location in, Khowa (Elliot), Ndondo Square,

Phakamisa, Manzindaka, and Cala Reserve in order to maximise the use of pockets of land within these areas

especially for housing development. The table below gives the distribution of housing demand by ward and

hectares of land needed to satisfy the demand.

Table 5-2: Land needs

Ward 1 Ward 2 Ward 3 Ward 4 Ward 5 Ward 6 Ward 7 Ward 8 Ward 9 Total

Land

required

for new

housing

(45%)

20.2 12.3 32.6 11.7 17.8 28.2

25.8

29.2

30.9

209

Land

required

for

ancillary

land

uses

(25%)

11.2 6.8

18.1 6.5

9.9 15.7 14.3 16.2 17.2 116

Land

required

for

roads

(30%)

13.5 8.2 21.7 7.8 11.9 18.8 17.2 19.5 20.6 139

Total

land

required

in

hectares

(ha) 1 ha

= 10 000

m²

44.84 27.3 72.44 26.09 39.66 62.63 57.3 64.95 68.75 463.94

Source: Sakhisizwe Local Municipality IDP, 2017 – 2022

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5.3 IDP ALIGNMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING It is vital that the housing sector plan is aligned with the IDP for the municipal area. There are two potential

scenarios that exist when developing a housing sector plan:

a) Firstly, the housing sector plan is developed in parallel with the IDP.

b) Secondly the housing sector plan is only developed after the IDP has been completed.

If the housing sector plan is developed after the approval of the IDP it is imperative that the information,

strategies, and policy guidelines outlined in the IDP are followed. The HSP development then follows five

process stages. Where significant incongruities exist, it may be possible to adjust certain IDP strategies to

align with housing program, through the annual IDP review process. However, it is recommended that this

route should only be taken in extreme cases, which can be adequately justified.

5.3.1 CHDM Integrated Development Plan (2017 – 2022) In terms of the Municipal Structures Act 1998 no 117, a district municipality is expected “to build the capacity

of local municipalities in its area to perform their functions and exercises their powers where such capacity

is lacking.” Chris Hani District Municipality serves to coordinate; support; guide and facilitate the process of

housing development within its jurisdiction.

Spatial planning which also has to do with sustainable human settlement planning is a shared function

between Provincial Department of Human Settlements, Chris Hani District and Sakhisizwe Local Municipality.

The IDP of 2017-2022 acts as an enabling framework that guides the establishment of sustainable human

settlement in the district municipality.

The IDP indicates infrastructure development projects which play significant roles in establishing sustainable

human settlements within the jurisdiction of Chris Hani DM. Community facilities such as community halls,

clinic, hospitals, schools etc. which support the establishment of sustainable human settlements in the

district were indicated by the District Municipality IDP. The IDP also projected population to be 872,000

people in 2020 at the growth rate of 0.9% and this assists in human settlement planning in the district.

The IDP indicates that the CHDM assists local municipalities through capacitating them with regard to

housing delivery in line with Housing Act and also guides LMs on how to develop their Housing Sector Plans,

assistance in the monitoring of housing projects, giving support on planning and implementation of subsidy

projects towards integrated settlements and coordinating the formulation and review of housing policy and

legislation.

5.3.2 CHDM SDF (2015) The SDF addresses issues relating to the need for land use management in the district in order to conserve

and manage its natural and built environmental assets. The Guidelines incorporate elements that are seen

to contribute towards the goal of achieving a more holistic approach to sustainable development in the

district, as follows:

In considering the character of the settlement pattern and typical forms of land use arrangements

found in the Chris Hani District, the importance of Land Use Management as an activity that

underpins the wise use of resources and contributes directly to economic and environmental

sustainability is emphasized;

Broad input is given on the need to manage relationships and formulate binding agreements and

protocols on how to deal with land use management issues in the district. This is a crucial aspect,

given the imminent implementation of the Spatial Planning & Land Use Management Act 16 of 2013

(SPLUMA) in 2015.

Finally, in respect of the concern to ensure a more sustainable approach to urban and rural

development, the following is set out:

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o A proposed framework for categorizing different types of settlement and associating these

with typical Levels of Service (LOS) provision is provided, based on previous work done for

Land Reform & Settlement Plans compiled for the Chris Hani District Municipalities, 2005;

o Based on the guidelines suggested by the Eastern Cape Biodiversity Conservation Plan,

generic land use objectives are incorporated in relation to the different land management

classes identified in the Plan; and

o In relation to the hierarchy of settlement set out above, a broad set of guidelines is

proposed.

5.3.3 Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019) The IDP indicates that the municipality is not a housing authority and therefore its role in terms of provision

of sustainable human settlements is often limited to administrative support like processing of beneficiary

applications for subsidized housing linked to rural development and land reform initiatives. The IDP indicated

that focus should be on densification programmes in Phola Park, Old Location in Khowa (Elliot), Ndondo

Square, Phakamisa, Manzindaka, and Cala Reserve. There are funds a set aside by department of Human

Settlements to rehabilitate and rectify about 65 houses as part of its disaster and emergency programme.

These programmes were not completed and will continue. The estimated housing backlog in Sakhisizwe is

930 units distributed across the wards.

These units can be further categorised into the following types (internal assessment):

600 low income units (RDP level across SLM)

200 middle to upper income units (primary nodes only)

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130 rental stock in nodal areas (Cala, Khowa towns and Lower Lafuta secondary node)

The IDP indicates that in order to satisfy the current housing demand in SLM, an estimated 464 hectares may

be needed for new development demand. The IDP (2018 – 2019) further indicates the following:

On the electricity, roll out to Gubenxe, Maxongo, Thembelihle and Mthingwevu farm have not yet

been reached.

Housing development in Khowa Old Location and Polar Park still remains.

Challenge/Intervention Status

Fast track processes to conclude the documentations to enable the implementation of bulk infrastructure services and internal services.

Processes of signing the Service Level Agreement between Chris Hani DM & Human Settlements underway. Service Provider to the project to conclude designs for approval.

Delays experienced in Facilitation and processing of transfers

Slow progress on resolving the issues of transfers by appointment of Conveyances to start and finalise the transfer process.

Non availability of beneficiaries to occupy completed houses especially in Cala Ext 15 and that leads to vandalism

Municipality to provide with the house caretakers to safe guard the houses.

Beneficiary list outstanding on project for implementation. 10 approvals on destitute houses.

Working close with Municipality with regard to beneficiary forms and list outstanding

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019)

5.3.4 Sakhisizwe SDF (2011)

The SDF is aimed at providing a spatial policy perspective to this Human Settlement Sector Plan as well as

guide future planning decisions about space development. This SDF is based on the following set of

objectives and principles:

restructure spatially inefficient settlements;

promote the sustainable use of the land resources in the country;

channel resources to areas of greatest need and development potential, thereby redressing the

inequitable historical treatment of marginalized areas;

take into account the fiscal, institutional and administrative capacities of role players, the needs of

communities and the environment;

stimulate economic development opportunities in rural and urban areas; and

Support an equitable protection of rights to and in land.”

The SDF emphasizes on the need for concentrating development near well-established centres through infill

development where services can be accessed within walking distance. Various parcels of land are identified

for infill development as well as land for future housing development.

The following are strategic densification priority zones:

Around the Cala and Khowa CBDs

Along Titsa Road Activity Spine

Along Tsomo Way Activity Spine

Sakhisizwe SDF (2011) also indicated that the focus should be on densification programmes in Phola Park,

Old Location in Elliot, Ndondo Square, Phakamisa, Manzindaka, and Cala Reserve. The intention is to first

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facilitate completion of the abandoned incomplete housing projects. According to Sakhisizwe LM SDF the

following form the housing backlog:

2500 low income housing units (RDP level across SLM)

400 middle to upper income housing units (primary nodes only)

300 rental stock in nodal areas (Cala and Khowa towns and Upper Lafuta secondary node)

Plan 5-6: Strategic Land Parcels in Cala

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Plan 5-7: Strategic Land Parcels in Elliot

5.3.5 Land Reform Programmes The land audit report was used to inform the formulation of the municipality’s spatial development

framework (2011). In terms of the land audit and recent consultations during the IDP review formulation,

Sakhisizwe LM has no outstanding land claims.

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5.4 HUMAN SETTLEMENT ASSESSMENT

5.4.1 Housing type and quality

Progress in the provision of adequate housing has been made in the Sakhisizwe LM. In 2016, formal houses

which made of bricks on separate stand account for 69.9% and inadequate housing which made up of

traditional dwelling, house / room in backyard, Informal dwelling (shack; in backyard) and Informal dwelling

(shack; not in backyard; e.g. in an informal / squatter settlement or on a farm) accounts for 30.4%.

The comparison among census 2001 & 2011 and community survey 2016 indicates that formal houses in the

municipality have increased from 45.9% in 2001 to 61.5% in 2011 and then increased again from 61.5% to

69.6% in 2016 although the number of households decreased to 14 848 in 2016. The housing backlog in

Sakhisizwe LM amounts to 30.4%.

Table 5-3: Housing type or Dwelling type

2001 2011 2016

No % No % No %

Formal House 7 177 45.9 10 233 61.5 11 120 65.6

Traditional dwelling 7 585 48.5 4858 29.2 5,120 30.2

House/Room in backyard 57 0.4 613 3.7 - -

Informal dwelling (shack; in backyard)

201 1.3 299 1.8 - -

Informal dwelling (shack; not in backyard; e.g. in an informal / squatter settlement

605 3.9 489 2.9 621 3.7

Other 0 0 145 0.9 99 0.6

Total 15 625 100.0 16 637 100.0 16,960 100.0

Source: Census, 2011 and Community Survey, 2016

Adequate and inadequate dwellings

In 2016, adequate housing (this includes formal housing) amount to 65.6 % while inadequate (this include

traditional dwelling, House/Room in backyard, informal dwelling (shack; in backyard), and informal dwelling

(shack; not in backyard; e.g. in an informal / squatter settlement etc) housing account for 4 518 units within

the municipality. Inadequate dwellings form the housing backlog within the municipality.

Informal housing

As indicated in the table above, there are 780 households residing in the informal settlements and this is an

indication that there is a demand for informal settlement upgrade or provision of rental housing (in cases

where occupants of shacks are using the shacks as temporary accommodation) and social housing.

4.9.6 National Upgrading Support Programme (NUSP) (2017)

The National Department of Human Settlements (NDoHS) Upgrading Support Programme (NUSP) provided

Informal Settlements Participatory Based Planning Support to the SLM and compiles viable and practical

upgrading plans for selected informal settlements in the area. The overall intention is to facilitate the

structured in-situ upgrading of informal settlements to achieve security of tenure, health and safety, and

improve community empowerment and appropriate basic levels of service. This includes ensuring

community participation, achieving higher settlement densification, prioritisation of well-located land and

improved spatial efficiency. The following informal settlement areas in Elliot town were identified.

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Table 5-4: Informal settlements in Elliot

No. Main Town Name of the Informal Settlement Estimated Households

1 Elliot Phola Park 300

2 Elliot Ekukhuleni 250

Total 550

Source: NUSP Report, 2017

Informal Settlement Locality and Sites Descriptions

PHOLA PARK EKUKHULENI JONINI

Phola Park Informal Settlement is a category A settlement. Category A settlement is a settlement that requires an in-situ upgrading and the developmental response is full upgrading including delivery of full infrastructural services, top structures and tenure including formal township establishment. Phola Park informal settlement is located approximately 4km south east of Elliot town. The total number of 300 households is residing within the established township. It consists of households erected informal structures on surveyed plots, and each plot has the following services connected to: • stand taps within the Informal settlement • Self-dug pits • VIP toilet

Ekukhulenii Informal Settlement is one of the two (2) informal settlements located in SLM. The informal settlement of Ekukhleni has approximately 250 households. The settlement is located approximately one km South East of Elliot town. Ekukhuleni has access to services such schools, churches, cemetery and health care centres via the established township.

Infrastructure Assessment

Description of Existing services

PHALO PARK EKUKHULENI JONINI

Water Residents have access to stand taps

within the Informal settlement.

These are adequate for the whole

settlement.

Residents have access to Communal Taps found within the Informal Settlement

Sanitation The majority of residents make use of VIP without ventilation sanitation systems.

The majority of residents make use of VIP without ventilation sanitation systems. The settlement does not have water borne sanitation/sewerage infrastructure (manholes, pump stations etc.) available in the area

Electrical Most of the households within the

settlement are electrified

Most of the households within the settlement are electrified. However, there are no high mast lighting available

Roads and Storm

Water

The main access roads include the gravel roads (unnamed road) that link the township with the regional main road R58.

The main and internal roads have no storm water infrastructure

The main and internal roads have no storm water infrastructure

Solid waste There are no/little services in this area and no infrastructure and/or services regarding refuse removal exist.

There is no form of refuse removal services available.

Currently, the municipality do not collect waste in the settlement

Source: SLM NUSP 2017

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Legal Land Assessment SETTLEMENT NAME PHOLA PARK EKUKHULENI JONINI

Property description Portion of Allotment Township of Elliot (C0240001)

Portion of Allotment Township of Elliot (C0240001)

Extent: Hectares 26 ha 26 ha

Property Owner Municipality Municipality

Zoning Residential Residential

Source: SLM NUSP Report, 2017

5.5 KEY HUMAN SETTLEMENTS ISSUES The following summarizes the key issues as identified through the Status Quo Analysis

IHSSP THEME KEY ISSUE

Demographic Indicators

The annual population growth rate of SLM is approximately 0.5%. 38.7% of the population is under the age of 15 years, and the municipality has more female 51.5% (32 898) than male 48.5% (30 948).

Socio-Economic Indicators

About 1 856 (12.5%) of the total households have no income and would therefore not be able to afford housing or other services.

Approximately 65.6% of the households earn less than R38 201 per annum and would also qualify for community residential units.

Approximately 16.5% of the total population have not received any form of education. A further 14.2% received some primary and 5.0% of the population completed primary school. About 40.2% received some secondary education in the grades of 8, 9, 10, and 11. These figures indicate that there is lack of skills within the municipality which limits their employment

Out of 18 129 economically active population in the municipality, about 9 871 (54.4%) people are living in poverty and rely on social grants from the government and also in terms housing, they rely on low cost housing subsidies which are offered by the government through Provincial Department of Human Settlements

Spatial Planning Dispersed Settlement Pattern: Pockets of developed urban centres surrounded by scattered undeveloped rural villages, which implies great costs to provide basic infrastructure and services.

Limited economic activity outside of urban centres.

Infrastructure About 8.9% of households have no formal piped water and rely on other sources, such as, rain water, boreholes, dams, pools, rivers and springs.

Sanitation backlog in the municipal area stands at 21.4%.

About 6.0% of households have no access to electricity and relying on other sources of energy such as gas, paraffin and candles for lighting purposes.

In terms of refuse removal services, the backlog in the municipality stands at 92.9% since the SLM concentrates only on Cala and Elliot towns.

SLM public transport system is currently uncoordinated and poorly planned.

The bulk of the municipality’s road network is gravel. It is often characterised by poor storm water drainage system which often put a lot of pressure on the visual road index and surface durability especially during rainy seasons. There are over 300km of this type of road network which need regular maintenance and upgrading

Community Facilities The main challenge is that the existing sports facilities are poorly planned and do not respond appropriately to the needs of target user communities

Community halls - The IDP indicates that there is shortage of community halls in the municipal area

Cemeteries - Some cemeteries are not properly fenced and, in this cases, stray animals roam and destroy valuable assets. Others are located in areas that have geological challenges resulting in prevalent dampness and potential risk to underground water contamination.

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Parks and recreational facilities require maintenance of toilets and refuse facilities.

Housing Assessment There is a need for a minimum specification on building material. This will ensure that houses of good quality are built and do not collapse due to poor quality material. It is important that all building material are SABS approved.

Housing inspection conducted on regular basis are critical to avoid poor workmanship.

Proper project management should be enforced in order to ensure that the final products are of acceptable quality.

Land Assessment Funding for planning and survey of land should be more accessible for municipalities to create more sites in order to remove informal settlements.

More subsidies are needed in order to build houses on planned sites.

Issuing of title deeds to house owners needs to be speeded-up.

There is a need to accelerate the process of de-registration when a beneficiary has passed away and re-registering of a new beneficiary has to occur.

Human Resource Capacity

There is inadequate capacity in the directorate of human settlement at the municipality

6 STRATEGY

6.1 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS VISION The vision of the municipality (including human settlements delivery) as stated in the IDP (2018-2019) reads

as follows:

“To be a financially sustainable and socio-economically transformed municipality by 2030”

6.2 STRATEGIC HUMAN SETTLEMENTS GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The vision of this Human Settlements Sector Plan is to create integrated and sustainable communities. To

make this vision a reality, the Municipality has to support the notion of productivity, inclusivity, good

governance and sustainability. Given the demand profile, the provision of a suitable rural and urban human

settlements programme should be one core issues to this plan.

6.2.1 Consolidated strategic Goal and Objectives

GOAL 1 To determine expressed demand and to declare such demand.

OBJECTIVE

(i) To undertake housing consumer education / awareness and the housing voice

(ii) To implement the human settlements needs register and to ensure on-going management thereof

(iii) To engage the social welfare department and Special Programs Unit (SPU) in order to cater for the

child headed households and orphans.

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GOAL 3: To build a suitably structured human settlements unit in order to meet the human

settlements delivery mandate

OBJECTIVE

(I) To undertake a capacity assessment with the view of preparing a business plan to source funding from

the Department’s Capacitation Grant for improving staff and skills capacity within the Municipality and

GOAL 2 Scale up of the delivery of subsidised human settlement delivery to meet the demand.

OBJECTIVE

(i) Strategic planning for human settlements delivery

(a) Conduct an annual environment analysis in order to review and revise annual human settlements sector plan.

(b) To develop localised policies to create a more enabling environment and to manage the mushrooming of

inadequate human settlements.

(ii) Project pipeline

(a) To integrate the existing information on delivered, planned, in implementation and blocked projects into a

single project pipeline database with system for regular updating.

(b) To plan projects that are aligned with the provincial human settlements sustainability criteria

(c) To submit new projects to the Province for funding approval and technical support

(iii) Land and land packaging

(a) To undertake a land identification and land packaging programme.

(b) To understand the land reform programme and to create a linkage with such a programme.

(c) To undertake feasibility studies on the identified state land on offer from the Department of Public Works,

which will enable preparation of a business plan for each parcel of land required in order to effect the transfer

of such land.

(iv) Infrastructure

(a) To engage with the infrastructure officials and plans to seek prioritisation and alignment with human

settlements programme.

(v) Integrated Sustainable Rural Human Settlements Delivery Programme (inclusive of Farm Worker

accommodation)

(a) Define a specific ISRHDP strategy that contains an analysis of the rural demand (including farm worker human

settlements demand) and status quo and links it to a strategy that defines the needs and demands in terms of

basic infrastructure, top structure and tenure and further links these to the mechanisms available to tackle the

priority needs.

(vi) Project development and management

(a) To package projects in terms of top structure, undertake procurement of contractors and to initiate project

construction.

(b) To undertake project management of all current running projects in order to ensure good quality and timely

completion.

(c) Continue to roll out existing projects and ensure that financing and systems are in place to initiate new priority

projects including those within the ISRHDP strategy.

(d) To have a dedicated programme to close out blocked projects.

(e) To programme the rectification needs of the current projects.

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to also ensure that those officials within the Municipality that have received training through the

Department’s Capacity Building programme are committed to / engaged in the municipality’s human

settlements section.

(ii) To develop the internal organisation to meet the municipal human settlements mandate and Level 1

Accreditation. The proposed structure has to include a Human Settlements / Housing Manager to

undertake strategic planning and performance management and a technical resource to ensure the

projects are managed and administrative staff to undertake beneficiary administration.

(i) To develop operational systems, i.e. policies, procedures and documents and forms.

(ii) Procurement of required office infrastructure and resources to fulfil human settlements mandate,

and this must include the installation and implementation of the project tracking tool.

GOAL 4 To formalise the required institutional structures to support the Municipality in meeting

its human settlements delivery targets

OBJECTIVE

(i) Strengthen internal and external partnerships required by the municipality to plan, facilitate, and where relevant implement, the necessary human settlements development to meet the demand in the municipal area.

6.3 STRATEGIES AND PROPOSED PROGRAMMES The SLM Human Settlements Sector Plan should include the following strategic programmes for human

settlements implementation.

PROGRAMME STRATEGIC PRIORITIES ACTIVITIES

Programme 1 Defining and understanding Demand

Detailed Human Settlements / Housing waiting list.

Investigate feasibility of human settlements projects in the municipal area (urban and rural).

Programme 2

Scaled up supply of state funded human settlements delivery to meet demand.

Land acquisition

Appointment of competent contractors.

Prioritization of human settlements development applications.

Investigate and determine the human settlements need in the entire Municipal area.

Refurbish old houses.

Land identification and Town Planning Establishment processes

Developed Strategy for Households in Traditional Structures in Rural Areas

Develop Strategy for Rural Housing and Human Settlements

Develop Strategy for informal/in-situ upgrading.

Develop Strategy for CRUs and affordable rental housing

Eradicate all squatters and Informal Settlements with provision of Housing for middle income earners

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Programme 3 Closure of all Blocked projects and rectification of all defective houses

Closure of all Blocked Projects and Rectification of all Defective Houses

Programme 4 To formalise the required institutional structures to support the Municipality in meeting its human settlements delivery targets

Procurement and tenders are problematic.

Professional team is needed.

Local Municipality is performing Provincial roles.

Strengthening and reinforcement of IDRs

Continued involvement of all relevant stakeholders

Establishment of a dedicated Human Settlements Unit and/ or capacitating the existing department

Programme 5 Enhance quality and standard of RDP Houses

Encourage local contractors to register with CIDB.

Monitor all projects for compliance with National and Provincial Standards.

Repair old housing projects.

Rectification needed for some of the pre and post 1994 housing projects.

7 PROJECTS

7.1 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DELIVERY IN SLM FROM 1994 TO DATE

HSS Project Description Subsidy Instrument Project Type Project

Approval Date

Total Contractual

Target

Delivery To Date (Sites)

Delivery To Date

(Units)

Cala - 420 Rectification Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/07/20 420 0 0

FINANCIAL -1.5a RECTIFICATION OF RDP STOCK POST 1994 - 2002

Cala - 420 subs Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

1997/09/27 420 405 420

Cala - 420 subs Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/07/20 0 0 0

Cala - Bulk Infrastructure Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2014/05/06 1 0 0

Cala - R/land Ph 2 - 1070 subs Project Linked Subsidy

People's Housing Process (Project Linked)

2001/11/30 1070 1070 403

Cala - Rectification 301 Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2009/09/16 301 0 123

RURAL - 4.2 RURAL SUBSIDY COMMUNAL LAND RIGHTS

Cala - Ward 2 - 1409 subs Rural Subsidy - Informal Land Rights

People's Housing Process (Rural)

2010/07/20 1409 38 68

Cala - Ward 4 2662 Units Rural Subsidy - Informal Land Rights

Rural Housing Project 2010/07/20 2662 0 0

Cala - Ward 4 (Wards 1,3 & 6) 1269 subs

Rural Subsidy - Informal Land Rights

People's Housing Process (Rural)

2014/06/20 1269 30 51

Cala - Ward 4 (Wards 1,3 & 6) -1393 subs

Rural Subsidy - Informal Land Rights

People's Housing Process (Rural)

2010/07/20 1393 2 40

Cala - Ward 8 & 9 - 1284 subs Rural Subsidy - Informal Land Rights

People's Housing Process (Rural)

2014/06/20 1284 41 41

Chris Hani Disaster - 879 Subs Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

0 0 0

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Elliot - 498 subs Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

1997/03/26 498 498 498

PROVINCIAL SPECIFIC PROGRAMMES

Cala Ext 13 & 14 - 717 Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/09/07 717 0 50

Cala Ext 15 - 249 Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/09/07 249 0 25

Cala Ext. 13 & 14 - R/land Ph2 1545 subs

Project Linked Subsidy

People's Housing Process (Project Linked)

2002/05/23 1545 1545 1007

Elliot - Old Location 1000 Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/09/30 1000 0 0

Elliot - R/land Ph 2 Phola Park) - 324 Subs

Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2010/09/07 324 0 2

Elliot - R/land Ph 2 (Phola Park) - 800 subs

Project Linked Subsidy

People's Housing Process (Project Linked)

2001/11/30 800 800 530

Elliot Rectification 302 Units Project Linked Subsidy

Progress Payment Housing Project

2009/09/16 302 0 0

TOTAL 15 664 4 429 3 258

Source: EC Human Settlements Business Plan for 2018/19 Financial Year

SAKHISIZWE LOCAL MUNICIPALITY HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DELIVERED FROM 1994 TO DATE

Municipality Total Contractual

Target

Delivery To Date

(Sites)

Delivery To Date

(Units)

Approved Project

Budget (R)

Sakhisizwe 15 664 4 429 3 258 1 213 920 914

Source: EC Human Settlements Business Plan for 2018/19 Financial Year

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROJECTS - (DISTRICT OFFICE, DoHS – KOMANI)

Service Delivery Update 2016/2017 (April 2016 – March 2017)

NO

Units and Budget

Status/Progress Units Planned Units Achieved Planned Budget Expenditure to date

1 100 113 R 16 431 984,00 R 47 496 192,96

2 Turnkey contractors and two

Community Resource Organisations

(CRO) are on site

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Business Plan for 2017/2018-Targets per municipality (Current Projects)

No Municipality Targets and Budget

Status / Progress Units Planned Services Planned Budget Planned

1 Sakhisizwe 186 166 R 34 254 154,00

2 Turnkey contractors and two

Community Resource Organisations

(CRO) are on site

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Regional Target (2017/2018)

Houses/Location No. Services Rectification Destitute Emergency//Disaster

Cala Ward 2 (106) 106 Cala 17 30 15

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Cala Ward 4 (80) 80

Total 186 17

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Project Performance Status Quo - Progress on key projects as at end February 2018

Project Name Units Status

Cala Ward 2 (Wards 8&9)-1409 units 1409 Contractors on site- Units completed 102 and at 160 various stages of

completion

Cala Ward 2 (Wards 8&9) 1284 units 1284 Contractors on site- Units completed 102 and at 99 various stages of

completion

Cala Ward 4 (Wards 1,3 &6)-1393 units 1393 Contractor on site-Units completed 154 and at 266 various stages of

completion.

Cala Ward 4 (Wards 1,3& 6)-1269 units 1269 Contractor on site- Units completed 123 and at 26 various stages of

completion.

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Emergency / Disaster Human Settlements Past Projects

Year LM Units Comments/Status

2010/11 Sakhisizwe 80

2014/15 Sakhisizwe 47 25 totally destroyed

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Emergency / Disaster Human Settlements Projects

This entails the construction of 430 units for the entire Chris Hani Region (06 Municipalities) and it is funded by

Departments of Human Settlements and COGTA grants and Chris Hani District Municipality is the developer

LM Units Status

Sakhisizwe 65 45 approved

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

Priority Projects - Chris Hani Destitute 120 (35 Units)

Municipality Units Number approved Comments/Status

Sakhisizwe 120 35 Individual Destitute 83 (reserved for individual requests where need is identified)

Source: Department of Human Settlements (District Office) March, 2018

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROJECTS FROM SLM IDP (2018 - 2019)

Planned Projects Project Approved

scope Houses

completed Houses

outstanding Approved

Budget Expenditure

to date Comment

Cala Ext 13 & 14 - 200

200 0 200 R20,822,489 Nil Planned

Cala Ext 15 - 161 161 0 161 R19,161,683 Nil Planned

Elliot 800 - 11 11 0 0 R1,502,940 Nil

Planned

Project Approve

d scope Houses

completed Houses

outstanding Approved

Budget Expenditure to

date Comment

Elliot Old Location 1000

1000 0 1000 R 80,00 R 80,00

Pre planning – Layout plan outstanding.

Presentation by Gibb

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Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ward 2 -2693

2693 R1,211,777 R 730,330 Two contractors appointed – Turn key

bases

Cala Ward 4 - 2662

2662 R1,197,826 R 721,920

Source: EC Department of Human Settlements

Current Projects

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ext 13 & 14 – 1545- ( 716)

1545 1485 60 R60,656,424 R50,426,121 Project near completion

Cala Ext 15 – 1070- (249)

1062 970 92 R20,299,983 R14,531,747 Project near completion

Elliot 800 – 800 – (324)

800 719 81 R27,193,404 R22,297,249 Project near completion

Source: EC Department of Human Settlements

Current Projects

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Emergency/ Disaster Projects

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Emergency 65 65 Nil Chris Hani DM Developer

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Transfers

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ext 13&14 - 1545

1545 1523 22 R 695,25m R 675,90 Outstanding transfers

Cala Ext 15 - 1070 1062 1055 7 R 481,50m R 472,50 Outstanding transfers

Elliot 800 - 800 800 556 244 R 360,00m R 247,95 Outstanding transfers

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Rectification

Wards

Project Name

No of Units

Budget

Contractor

Status

1, 3 & 6 Cala Ward 4 (1,3&6 ) – 2662 (1393 units) rural

1 393 R 192,456,880 Mahiri Turnkey contractor is on site

8 & 9 Cala Ward 2 (8&9) - 2693 (1409) rural

1 409 R 151,118,291 Quantum Leap Turnkey contractor is on site

1, 3 & 6 Cala Ward 4 (1,3&6) – 2662 (1269 units) rural phase 2-CRO's

1 269 R 194,756,754 Mosegedi& Associates

CRO is recently contracted to establish site

8 & 9 Cala Ward 2 (8&9) - 2693 (1284) rural phase 2-CRO's

1 284 R 216,764,446 Vukani Construction

CRO is busy with beneficiary Admin &site establishment

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Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala 20 20 0 20 R1 074 000 0 construction

Cala 420 (Rectification)

420 0 420 R32 354 070 R528 700 Contractor appointed, work in progress

Cala (Rectification

301 301 0 R26 379 426 R21 075 789 Project completed. Infrastructure & beneficiary

issues to be attended to

Elliot 302 (Rectification)

302 302 0 R22 945 205 R4 669 185 Reassessment defective units

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Destitute

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala / Khowa (Elliot)

120 120 Nil Contractor appointed ; I-BUILD

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019).

Project Approved

scope Houses

completed

Houses outstand

ing

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

HOUSES FOR CONSTRUCTION

Cala Ext 13&14 - 200

200 0 200 R20,822,489 Nil Planned

Cala Ext 15 - 161 161 0 161 R19,161,683 Nil PLanned

Khowa 800 - 11 11 0 11 R1,502,940 Nil Planned

NEW DEVELOPMENTS & PLANNING

Khowa Old Location 1000

1000 0 1000 R 80,00 R 80,00 Pre planning – Layout plan outstanding.

Presentation by Gibb

Cala Ward 2 -2693

2693 0 2693 R1,211,777 R 730,33 Two contractors appointed – Turnkey

bases

Cala Ward 4 - 2662

2662 0 2662 R1,197,826 R 721,92

EMERGENCY/ DISASTER PROJETCS

Emergency 65 0 65 Nil Chris Hani DM Developer

TRANSFERS

Cala Ext 13&14 - 1545

1545 1523 22 R 695,25 R 675,90 Outstanding transfers

Cala Ext 15 - 1070

1062 1055 7 R 481,50 R 472,50 Outstanding transfers

Khowa 800 - 800 800 556 244 R 360,00 R 247,95 Outstanding transfers

RECTIFICATION

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Cala 420 20 0 20 R1 074 000 Construction

Cala 420 (Rectification)

420 0 420 R32,354,070 R 528,70 Contractor appointed, works on progress.

Cala 301 (Rectification)

301 301 0 R26,379,426 R21,075,789 Project completed. Infrastructure and

beneficiary issue to be attended to.

Khowa 302 (Rectification)

302 302 0 R22,945,205 R4,669,185 Re- assessment defective units.

PROJECT ON CONSTRUCTION

Cala Ext 13&14 – 1545- ( 716)

1545 1485 60 R60,656,424 R50,426,121 Project near completion

Cala Ext 15 – 1070- (249)

1062 970 92 R20,299,983 R14,531,747 Project near completion

Khowa 800 – 800 – (324)

800 719 81 R27,193,404 R22,297,249 Project near completion

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, (2018-19)

Bulk Infrastructure Project Approved

scope Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ext 13,14-15 &Cala 420

3035 3035 R58 Million Nil Finalization of Service Level Agreement

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019).

Human Settlements Projects from Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 - 2019)

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Emergency/ Disaster Projects

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Emergency 65 65 Nil CCHDM Developer

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Wards

Project Name

No of

Units

Budget

Contractor

Status

1, 3 & 6 Cala Ward 4 (1,3&6) –

2662 (1393 units) rural

1 393 R

192,456,880

Mahiri Turnkey contractor is on site

8 & 9 Cala Ward 2 (8&9) -

2693 (1409) rural

1 409 R

151,118,291

Quantum Leap Turnkey contractor is on site

1, 3 & 6 Cala Ward 4 (1,3&6) –

2662 (1269 units) rural

phase 2-CRO's

1 269 R

194,756,754

Mosegedi&

Associates

CRO is recently contracted and

to establish site

8 & 9 Cala Ward 2 (8&9) -

2693 (1284) rural phase

2-CRO's

1 284 R

216,764,446

Vukani

Construction

CRO is busy with beneficiary

Admin &site establishment

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Transfers

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ext 13&14 - 1545

1545 1523 22 R 695,25 R 675,90 Outstanding transfers

Cala Ext 15 - 1070

1062 1055 7 R 481,50 R 472,50 Outstanding transfers

Khowa (Elliot) 800 - 800

800 556 244 R 360,00 R 247,95 Outstanding transfers

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Rectification

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala 20 20 0 20 R1 074 000 0 construction

Cala 420 (Rectification)

420 0 420 R32 354 070 R528 700 Contractor appointed, work on progress

Cala (Rectification

301 301 0 R26 379 426 R21 075 789 Project completed. Infrastructure & beneficiary

issues to be attended

Khowa (Elliot) 302 (Rectification)

302 302 0 R22 945 205 R4 669 185 Reassessment defective units

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-2019

Destitute

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala / Khowa (Khowa (Elliot))

120 120 Nil Contractor appointed

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019).

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

HOUSES FOR CONSTRUCTION

Cala Ext 13&14

- 200

200 0 200 R20,822,489 Nil Close out stage

Cala Ext 15 - 161 161 0 161 R19,161,683 Nil Close out

Khowa 800 - 11 11 0 11 R1,502,940 Nil Close out

NEW DEVELOPMENTS & PLANNING

Khowa Old

Location 1000

1000 0 1000 R 80,00 R 80,00 Pre planning – Layout

plan outstanding.

Presentation by Gibb

Cala Ward 2 -

2693

2693 0 2693 R1,211,777 R 730,33 Two contractors

appointed – Turnkey

bases

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Cala Ward 4 -

2662

2662 0 2662 R1,197,826 R 721,92

EMERGENCY/ DISASTER PROJETCS

Emergency 65 0 65 Nil Chris Hani DM Developer

TRANSFERS

Cala Ext 13&14 -

1545

1545 1523 22 R 695,25 R 675,90 Outstanding transfers

Cala Ext 15 -

1070

1062 1055 7 R 481,50 R 472,50 Outstanding transfers

Khowa 800 -

800

800 556 244 R 360,00 R 247,95 Outstanding transfers

RECTIFICATION

Cala 420 20 0 20 R1 074 000 Construction

Cala 420

(Rectification)

420 0 420 R32,354,070 R 528,70 Contractor appointed,

works on progress.

Cala 301

(rectification)

301 301 0 R26,379,426 R21,075,789 Project completed.

Infrastructure and

beneficiary issue to be

attended to.

Khowa 302

(Rectification)

302 302 0 R22,945,205 R4,669,185 Re- assessment defective

units.

PROJECT ON CONSTRUCTION

Cala Ext 13&14

– 1545- ( 716)

1545 1485 60 R60,656,424 R50,426,121 Project near completion

Cala Ext 15 –

1070- (249)

1062 970 92 R20,299,983 R14,531,747 Project near completion

Khowa 800 –

800 – (324)

800 719 81 R27,193,404 R22,297,249 Project near completion

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, (2018-19)

Bulk Infrastructure

Project Approved scope

Houses completed

Houses outstanding

Approved Budget

Expenditure to date

Comment

Cala Ext 13,14-15 &Cala 420

3035 3035 R58 Million Nil Finalization of Service Level Agreement

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP (2018 – 2019).

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7.1.1 Land Issues Land Tenure and Ownership

Sakhisizwe LM undertook a detailed land audit in 2010 aimed at establishing ownership patterns and guiding

strategies to curb and control land invasion. Apart from small pockets of privately-owned land in the Cala

and Khowa (Elliot) towns of the municipality, the largest parts of the municipal area consist of lesser forms

of tenure on communal - state owned land. These forms of tenure include PTO’s and Quitrent (often in

overlapping allocations). The northern (former RSA) component of the Municipality consists of privately-

owned farms and erven.

Land Needs

In order to satisfy the current demand, the recent report on ward-based planning in Sakhisizwe proposes

that an estimated 464 hectares may be needed for new development demand. The SDF also proposes that

there should be densification programmes in Phola Park, Old Location in Khowa (Elliot), BathandwaNdondo,

Phakamisa, Manzindaka, and Cala Reserve in order to maximise the use of pockets of land within these areas

especially for housing development. The table below gives the distribution of housing demand by ward and

hectares of land needed to satisfy the demand.

Table 7-1: Land needs

Ward

1

Ward

2

Ward

3

Ward

4

Ward

5

Ward

6

Ward

7

Ward

8

Ward

9

Total

Land required for new

housing (45%)

20.2 12.3 32.6 11.7 17.8 28.2

25.8

29.2

30.9

209

Land required for ancillary

land uses (25%)

11.2 6.8

18.1 6.5

9.9 15.7 14.3 16.2 17.2 116

Land required for roads (30%) 13.5 8.2 21.7 7.8 11.9 18.8 17.2 19.5 20.6 139

Total land required in

hectares (ha) 1 ha = 10 000

m²

44.84 27.3 72.44 26.09 39.66 62.63 57.3 64.95 68.75 463.94

Source: Sakhisizwe Local Municipality IDP, 2018 – 2019

8 CASH FLOW AND PROGRAMMES

8.1 CASH FLOW A multi-year housing plan outlines a further set of developments aimed at improving the quality of strategic

and performance plans, while at the same time simplifying the process further.

Once all of the projects have been identified and initially prioritized, individual cash flows will be determined.

Once all of the cash flows are complete, they should be summarized and condensed into an overall project

program schedule and then into a single cash flow spreadsheet.

This spreadsheet should include the cash flow requirements (5-year time horizon) for all of the current

projects thereafter all of the planned project should be placed, the total of the two sections should then be

added together to determine the municipal funding requirements for the 5-year horizon.

The financial year indicated in the cash flows should be from the 1st of July to the 31st of June. It should be

noted however that this does not coincide with the National and Provincial financial years which run from

the 1st April to the 31st of March each year. This overall cash flow statement and the summarized programs

can then be used by the municipality as part of the housing annual work plan to measure all housing projects

progress.

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It is important to note that historically project managers have drastically under estimated cash flow

projections. These under estimations can be attributed to a number of factors including the optimistic

outlook of the project manager, pressure and urgency of delivery that drives all stakeholders and the

complex nature of projects which hampers implementation. Therefore, for cash flow projections to be as

accurate as possible, service providers and local municipalities should be very conservative in their

estimations.

Table 8-1: Project Pipeline and Capital Budget Project Description Status Project Budget Year 1

(2018/2019) Year 2 (2019/2020)

Year 3 (2020/2021)

Year 4 (2021/2022)

Year 5 (2022/2023)

Sakhisizwe LM

Cala Ext 13&14 – 1545- (716)

Project near completion

R60,656,424 R750 000

Cala Ext 15 – 1070- (249) (79 units + 255 unblocking)

Project near completion

R20,299,983 R1 125 000

Elliot 800 – 800 – (324)

Project near completion

R27,193,404 R1 500 000

Cala Ward 4 (1,3&6 ) – (1393 units) (418 units) rural

Turnkey contractor is on site

R 192,456,880 R7 265 000

Cala Ward 4 (1393 subs) Phase 1

The contractor is behind program

R8 490 000

Cala Ward 2 (8 & 9) - 2693 (1409) rural

Contractor is on site

R 151,118,291

Cala Ward 2 (8 & 9) - 2693 (11284) rural

Contractor is on site

Cala Ward 4 (1,3 & 6) – 2662 (1269 units) rural phase 2-CRO's

Contractor on site

R 194,756,754 R6 550 000

Cala Ward 8 & 9 – 1284 subs

The contractor is behind program

R7 975 000

Cala Ward 2 – 1409subs (Quantum Leap)

The contractor is behind program

R8 500 000

Cala Ward 2 – 1409 (423 units)

The emerging contractors contracted for the work

R7 075 000

Cala Ward 2 (8&9) - 2693 (1284) rural phase 2-CRO's

Contractor on site

R 216,764,446

Cala Ext 13 & 14 - 200 Close out stage

R20,822,489

Cala Ext 15 – 161 Close out R19,161,683

Khowa 800 - 11 Close out R1,502,940

Cala Ward 2 -2693 Contractors appointed

R1,211,777

Cala Ward 4 - 2662 R1,197,826

Cala 420 Construction R1 074 000

Cala 420 (Rectification)

Work in progress

R32,354,070

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8.2 DETAILED STRATEGIC PROGRAMMES Programme 1: To determine expressed demand and to declare such demand

Deliverable Key activity Timeframe

Responsibility Cost 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Housing

Voice

Develop methodology

and instruments as per

Blue Book

Jan Province

Identify community

engagement staff and

conduct training to both

staff and ward

committees/ councillors

Jan Province and

Municipality

Conduct housing voice Mar Municipality

Statistical analysis and

report

May Province and

Municipality

Use to inform planning Jun Municipality

Housing Needs

Register

Upload system and tools

and audit instruments

Jun Province and

Municipality

Conduct training on the

use thereof

July Province

Conduct the audits Aug Municipality

Capture analyse and

produce reports of the

results

Jan Province

Maintain database by

putting a system in place

that will ensure that

applicants update their

information on a

quarterly basis

Feb Province and

Municipality

Produce reports that

inform the development

of human settlements

programmes

Mar Province and

Municipality

Child - headed

households

Engage Social Welfare /

SPU to cater for child

headed and orphans –

partnership

arrangement for foster

homes using the

institutional subsidy

programme

Mar Province and

Municipality

Identify where child

headed households are

located

Province and

Municipality

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Programme 2: Scale up of the delivery of subsidised human settlements delivery to meet the

demand

Deliverable Key activity Timeframe

Responsibility Cost 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

STRATEGIC PLANNING:

Annual environment

analysis in order to

review and revise

annual human

settlement sector

plan / aligned with

IDP Review

Consider:

Report on human

settlements

demand from

housing voice and

Human Settlements

/Housing Needs

Register

Supply report from

pipeline of projects

Integration report

Apr Municipality

Plan for emergency

human settlements

/ housing

Collect information on

disaster risk in the

Municipal area (Provincial

Disaster Management

Plan preparation

underway) and establish

appropriate systems and

networks to respond to

potential disasters.

July Municipality

Developed localised

policies to create a

more enabling

environment and to

manage the

mushrooming of

inadequate housing

Local Town

planning

dispensation

Localised policy to

address tenure

related to

commonage

ISRHDP policy

Informal settlement

strategy

Oct Municipality

PROJECT PIPELINE:

Installation of

designed data base

system that holds

the integrated

project pipeline

Upload tracking tool for

the project pipeline

Jan Province

Trained staff able to

use and update.

Training of relevant staff

in the municipality to use

and update the system.

Feb Province

Populated pipeline

with all information

up to date and

verified.

Collect and input all the

information from the

relevant sources including

importantly sections in

the LM, the DM and the

Province

Mar Province and Municipality

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Quarterly updates

and annual review

report

All the additional projects

or changes in status and

information of existing

entered and quarterly

report for management

and council. Informed

annual review reports.

Oct Municipality

ISRHDP STRATEGY:

Proposal for

development of a

rural strategy with

budget

Prepare proposal for

education the

information gathering,

analysis and strategy.

Feb Municipality in

conjunction

with Province

Internal or external

people appointed to

carry out work

The selection of the right

team to undertake the

work.

Mar Municipality in

conjunction

with Province

Baseline

information.

Collection of all existing

relevant information on

the context, nature and

location of rural housing,

priority interventions re

tenure, infrastructure and

top structure for all key

stakeholders.

Jul Selected

Internal or

external team

Key stakeholder

feedback and

direction on

baseline

information.

Workshop of key

stakeholders to discuss

baseline information, its

accuracy, relevancy and

identify gaps.

Aug Stakeholders

and Selected

Team

Further information

gathered and

analysis and initial

strategy.

To fill the gaps and to

proceed to defining a

draft strategy from

analysis of information

gathered through

desktop or informant

interviews.

Oct Selected team

Stakeholder Input

into Strategy

Workshop to present and

discuss the information,

analysis and draft

strategy.

Oct Stakeholders

and Selected

Team

Strategy and linkage

to Municipal and

Provincial budget

and MTEF.

From the workshop

contributions finalise the

strategy but link with

available resource

streams.

Jan Selected team.

Strategy inputted

into IDP and

reviewed annually.

The strategy integrated

into the Human

settlements chapter and

linkage back to municipal

budget and MTEF.

Jan Municipal

Human

Settlements

Section

Land for human

settlements

development

Undertake land

feasibilities, procurement

of suitable parcels,

including land identified

Mar On-going Human

Settlements

officer with

Province

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Programme 3: To build a suitably structured human settlements unit in order to meet the human

settlements mandate.

by Province for transfer

to Municipality

Preparation of

identified priority

projects for

financing and

implementation –

including

rectification and

blocked projects.

Co-ordination of the

preparation of the

projects:

- Land

- Land preparation and packaging

- Initial design

- Beneficiary identification

- Scope of work (rectification and blocked)

- Finance packaging

- Preparation of tendering etc.

Mar On-going Human

Settlements

Officer with

Province

Properly managed

implementation of

financed projects.

Management of the

technical service

providers in ensuring that

projects are delivered on

time, to quality and

within cost.

Carry out effective

community liaison and

consultation.

Feb On-going Human

Settlements

Officer with

Province

Monitoring and

Evaluation

Framework

Drafting of monitoring

and evaluation

framework, the

framework to be

integrated into the

Human Settlements

Chapter.

Jan Human

Settlements

officer with

Province

Formation of Project

Steering

Committees to

ensure the

collaboration of

developers, ward

committees and

councillors in the

speedy execution of

projects.

Project Steering

Committees to be formed

for all human

settlements’ projects

comprising ward

committee, councillor

and local stakeholders.

Submit project reports to

the Human Settlements

Department

Jan Human

Settlements

officer with

Province

Deliverable Key activity Timeframe Responsibility Cost

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Development of

dedicated Human

Settlements Unit

Development of Job

descriptions, Approval of

structure, Procurement of

budget, Recruitment, orientation

Jan Province

support with

Municipality

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Programme 4: To formalise the required institutional structures to support the Municipality in meeting its human settlements delivery targets

9 PROPOSALS FOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS UPGRADING This Upgrading of Informal Settlements Policy seeks to build on the regularisation approach within SLM.

Proposals for Informal Settlements Upgrading recognise that there is a need to be a radically different

approach to addressing the informal settlement challenge in SLM.

9.1 Make serviced sites available SLM will make new (fully or semi) serviced land parcels available for phased incremental settlement

development (and other forms of settlement development) to accommodate new people moving into the

municipal area, people needing to be relocated from those informal settlements that have been earmarked

for removal and others in need of accommodation. This will complement SLM’s existing IDP and five year

implementation plan which proposes the delivery of subsidised houses, the upgrading of existing informal

and rural settlements, the opening up of land for the private sector and the initiation of a social housing

support programme.

Development of

internal operational

policies and

procedures

Develop operations procedures

manual together with

standardised documents and

forms

Jun Province

support with

Municipality

Identification and

procurement of

resources

Approval and procurement of

required resources, computers

and software, equipment,

furniture etc.

Jun Municipality

Development and

implementation of

performance

management system

Link performance measures to

job description outputs and

human settlements delivery

programme, performance

agreement with staff and regular

monitoring of performance

Jan Province

support with

Municipality

Deliverable Key activity Timeframe Responsibility Cost

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Identified Key

Potential

Partners

Internal workshop Identify key

roles and responsibilities and

which are key stakeholders

undertake these and present

status of relationship.

Jan Municipal

management

Defined

Approach to

strengthening

Partnerships

Based on roles and responsibilities

and key potential partners -

defining the type of relationship

and approach negotiating this.

Mar Municipal

management

Negotiated basis

of co-operation

Meeting with individual key

stakeholders to discuss bases of

co-operation and action plan for

co-operation over the next 2

years.

Jun Municipal

management

Agreed SLA on

Co-operation

Preparation of MOU and action

plan based on above and ready for

signing between partners.

Jul Municipal

management

Working together Implementing the action plan

around municipal priorities.

Continuous Municipal

officials and

partner

officials

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9.2 Build on the regularisation approach

SLM will formulate regularisation approach by implementing a programme for the in-situ upgrading of all

informal settlements that have been categorised to remain in their present locations to be funded from the

Upgrading of Informal Settlement Programme Grant, the Provision of Social and Amenities Grant and the

Urban Settlement Development Grant (amongst others).

Building on the requirement of the SPLUMA (2013) Act 16, which requires municipalities, in their Spatial

Development Framework (SDF) plans to designate areas where incremental approaches to upgrading and

regularisation will be adopted, SLM will designate all informal settlements that have been categorized for

in-situ upgrading as incremental settlement areas which will allow for blanket tenure security for people

living in these areas.

The CHDM and SLM will also continue to roll-out basic services including a package of services that includes

standpipes, VIP toilets or waterborne sanitation where possible, grey water treatment, storm water control,

electricity or alternative energy supply to informal settlements that have been classified for in-situ

upgrading. The current layouts of informal settlements will be improved to ensure access for emergency and

refuse vehicles. SLM will also ensure that continuous maintenance of the installed services takes place.

9.3 Flexible standards and regulations for planning, land, infrastructure and housing Rigid standards and regulations in the context of in-situ upgrading often tend to have a range of adverse

effects if not applied cautiously. Building and infrastructure standards and regulations are often developed

and enforced by SLM primarily for the reason of ensuring the safety and security of residents and may

include standards for road widths, setbacks from the street; building materials, water reticulation etc. The

standards for planning, land, infrastructure and housing are often defined in the context of efficiency

(affordability, finance and cost recovery), equality (access), quality and sustainability, which are outlined in

detail in the Guidelines for Human Settlement Planning and Design (otherwise known as the Red Book).

Whilst these guidelines are useful, and in the case of Red Book are far more progressive in providing

recommendations for alternative engineering solutions, they often tend to be too rigid in the context of in-

situ upgrading.

As in-situ upgrading is incremental, the gradual transition from informal to formal is often predicated on the

transition for being unplanned / unregulated to planned/regulated and it is precisely this transition which

needs to be to be managed most cautiously, as formalizing too quickly and rigidly can potentially have a

range of negative impacts.

Phola Park Informal Settlement

Table 8-1: Phola Informal Settlement’s sanitation requirement

Civil Services – Sewer Discharge Table

Settlement Name

No of Units Population

Sewage Discharge

ADWF (l/p/day) at 80% of Water Demand

Total DWF (Ml/day) to WWTW

Total WWF (Ml/day) to WWTW

Total PWWF (l/s) in Outfall Sewer

Phola Park Informal Settlement

250 640 132 0,16 0,18 6,33

Source: SLM NUSP, 2017

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Phola Park Informal Settlement proposed upgrades areas as follows:

Upgrades required

Upgrading of Internal streets

Short term, the main streets to be graded, including storm water system

Long term, streets to be surfaced with a suitable material, such as tar, concrete or paving, including development of storm water system. The storm water system should divert the water away from the settlement

Storm Water Required

The minor storm water system would comprise of open lined channels along a paved road system properly sized to drain the 1 in 2-year storm event.

Energy (Street Light/High Mast)

Solar streetlights are proposed for the settlement to ensure safety for the community

Chemical Toilets or VIP toilets

Each chemical toilet should be used by two (2) households

Chemical toilets are not connected to the waterborne sanitation system. However, require continues servicing to collect and dispose the contents on waste water treatment plant.

Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines (VIP)

Each settlement should be equipped with a VIP unit

A VIP is not connected to the waterborne sanitation system and is a much more affordable option for an interim solution

A full waterborne sanitation system with individual house connections is proposed. The internal sewer network will be connected to the existing outfall sewer. However, due to lack of capacities on the existing Elliot WWTW to accept new loads, it is imperative that the WWTW should be upgraded

Source: SLM NUSP Report, 2017

Estimated Costs for the proposed interventions

The upgrading should be done within three years, with the first two years dedicated for both planning and

implementation and the last year used for operation and maintenance.

Item Category No of Units Amount/Rate Total Amount

1 Engineering Services 1.1 Permanent Engineering Services Roads -Paved / Surfaced Roads with Storm water management Sanitation (House Connections) Street Lights Solid Wastes Total Permanent Engineering Services 1.2 Livelihood Support Services Design and Implement Skill Development LED Project

300 R16 528.00 R4 958 400,00

300 R10 485,00 R3 145 500,00

40 R4 500,00 R180 000,00

6 R 8000,00 R 48 000,00

1

R 80 000,00

R8 286 900,00 R 80 000,00

2 Professional Fees (including Township Registrations)

14% R1 170 946,00

3 Total Upgrading of Services Costs R 9 582 846,00

Source: SLM NUSP, 2017

Ekukhuleni Informal Settlement

Proposed intervention levels

LEVEL ONE INTERVENTIONS

This level focus on provision the basic services by the municipality.

Waste Management

Sanitation Systems

Water Provision

Access road

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LEVEL TWO INTERVENTIONS

This level focus on improving the livelihood of the informal settlement residence

Storm-water Management

Training and Skill Development

Required upgrades

Main and Internal streets Short term, the main and internal streets to be graded regularly Long term, the main street to be surfaced with a suitable material, such as tar, concrete or paving, including development of storm water system. The storm water system should divert the water away from the settlement.

Storm Water The minor storm water system would comprise of open lined channels along a paved road system properly sized to drain the 1 in 2-year storm event

Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines It is proposed that each stand be equipped with a VIP unit A VIP is not connected to the waterborne sanitation system and is a much more affordable option for an interim solution

Solid waste Currently, the municipality do not collect waste in the settlement. It is proposed that the municipality collects waste on a weekly basis.

Source: SLM NUSP, 2017

Estimated Costs for the proposed interventions

Item Category No of Units Amount/Rate Total Amount

1 Engineering Services 1.1 Permanent Engineering Services Roads -Paved / Surfaced Roads with Storm water management Solid Wastes Sanitation (House Connections) Water Provision (Communal Taps) Total Permanent Engineering Services 1.2 Livelihood Support Services Design and Implement Skill Development LED Project

250 R16 528,00 R 4 132 000,00

5 R8 000,00 R 40 000,00

250 R14 000,00 R 3 500 000,00

6 R10 485 R 62 910,00

1 R 150 000,00 R 150 000,00

Sub total R 7 884 910.00

2 Professional Fees 14% R1 103 887,40

3 Total Upgrading of Services Costs R8 988 797,40

Source: SLM NUSP, 2017

10 INTEGRATION (CROSS SECTOR ALIGNMENT ISSUES) In order to provide sustainable living environments, it is vital that its delivery is occurred in conjunction with

other services and facilities (including health, education, sports, etc.) which are identified and proposed by

CHDM IDP (2017 – 2022) and SLM IDP (2018 – 2019). The human settlements proposals set out in this

Municipal Human Settlements Sector Plan are all in accordance with the CHM IDP (2017 -2022) and SLM IDP

(2018 – 2019).

The IDP is the core document guiding all decision-making in, and with respect to, the municipal area, service

providers responsible for the delivery of services and facilities integral to the creation of sustainable

livelihood will be able to plan and budget for the provision of such services and facilities in an informed

manner.

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The 3-year capital projects to be funded by Chris Hani DM in SLM (2016/17 up to 2019/20) Project 17/18 18/19 19/20

Upgrading of the Khowa Waste Water Treatment Works R 3,578,265 - -

Cluster 4 water backlog (Wards 6,7,& 4) - R 2,908,889 -

Mthingwevu Water Supply Scheme R 16,368,745 - R 1,937,000

Upper Lufutha Interim Water Supply R 5,166,980 R 12,117,825 -

Upper Lufutha Ext (Mbodlana) Interim Water Supply R 5,000,000 - -

Total R 30,113,990 R 15,026,714 R 1,937,000

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-19

Water Service Infrastructure Grant

Project 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Cluster 4 Water Backlog - - R 14,000,000

Cluster 4 (Lower Langanci; Upper Indwana; Upper Mnxe) -Phase 2

R 96,000 R 8,316,046 R 450,000

Khowa: Polar Park Water Services - Phase 4 R6,000,000 R 1,500,000 -

Gubenxa and Maxongo's Hoek Interim Water Supply - R 5,000,000 R 7,500,000

Refurbishment of Cala Bulk Water - R 2,500,000 R 2,500,000

Water Conservation Management Khowa Old Location - R 2,500,000 R 2,500,000

Total R 6,096,000 R 19,816,046 R 26,950,000

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-19

Apart from capital road projects, the SLM plans to perform the following road maintenance in the following

wards

Project Name Ward Comments

10km Access roads 1 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 2 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 3 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 4 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 5 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 6 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 7 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 8 Blading of roads

10km Access roads 9 Blading of roads

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-19

Projects by the Department of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform

Programme Admin Area Ward Allocated Budget

Deliverables

Land care Imbumba 7,8,9 R394,500

Fencing, Gabion Structures, Production Inputs

Xhalanga 3,4,5,6 R400,000 Fencing, Gabion Structures, Production Inputs

Siyazondla 9 Wards 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9 R225,000 Production inputs( Animal feed, seeds, seedlings, fertilizers)

| 69

Siyakhula 8 Wards

1,2,3,5,6,7,8,9 4 excluded it’s in town, doesn't want to participate, no land R3,660,800

Production inputs( Maize, seeds, fertilizers, chemicals)

Ministerial Gubenxa

Valley 1 R2,480,000 20ha fruit development

TOTAL BUDGET R7,160,300

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-19

Summary of capital projects to be implemented in 2017/2018

Project Description Funding Sub-Total Total

Ward 2 Sport field MIG R12,500,000

Qokolo to Kopitjie Access Road Phase 3 MIG R2,000,000

Kuthule Access Road MIG R5,000,000

Khowa Town Residential Roads MIG R2,000,000

Calfonia Construction of Road & Storm water MIG R5,000,000

Manzana Access Road MIG R2,000,000

Total Capital Expenditure funded by MIG R28,500,000

INEP – Gubenxa &Maxongo INEP R2,000,000

Total Capital Expenditure funded by INEP R2,000,000

Office Furniture and Equipment Own Funds R200,000

Computer Equipment Own Funds R150,000

Landfill-sites Own Funds R1,000,000

Total Capital Expenditure funded by Own Funds R1,350,000

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE R31,850,000

Source: Sakhisizwe LM IDP, 2018-19

11 PROJECT PLANNING It is important to note that the process of project planning is an incremental approach that is limited by the

availability of resources. The key resources, which permit a municipality’s ability to implement projects,

include the financial resources, housing subsidies, MIG Bulk Services funding and municipal funding to

employ professionals and human resources (skilled and competent municipal and professional capacity). It

is therefore critical that these limited resources are effectively managed to maximise their efficiency. For

this reason, the ideal approach to project planning and selection includes the establishment of practical and

realistic housing delivery goals and targets for projects.

This process enables a municipality to focus its limited resources more effectively, thereby enabling it to

concentrate on a smaller number of housing projects with a greater possibility of successful implementation.

Furthermore, it is the responsibility of the local municipality (through the housing sector plan) to effectively

balance its selection of projects (i.e. the mix between rural and urban housing, slums clearance and credit

linked housing, special needs, social and project linked housing etc.)

The Directorate of Integrated Planning and Economic Development (IPED) is responsible for human

settlements issues in Sakhisizwe LM. The organisational structure of this directorate has one housing

technician and two housing clerks. The balance of functions is either contracted to service providers or

managed by the Province.

The Directorate is divided into two (2) sections, housing and town planning sections. It oversees and

facilitates the provision of low cost and other human settlements categories in the municipality and also

oversees the spatial planning and land use management functions.

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The directorate is responsible for the following functions but constraint by capacity:

Land sale and lease of land

Town and Regional Planning

Housing Development

Beneficiary administration

Lease of municipal properties

Maintenance of municipal entertainment facilities

Manages the rental stock

Facilitation of title deed transfers

Table 10-1: Allocation of Responsibilities

Key area Capacity

Development of housing sector plan CHDM

Demand database Housing officer

Land release Town planning

Land packaging Outsourced: professionals

Project development Outsourced: contractors

Housing administration Housing and administration officer

Project management Province

12 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND CAPACITY The Directorate of Integrated Planning & Economic Development (IPED) is managed by a Director and there

is lack of housing professionals in the municipality.

Figure 10-1: Integrated Planning and Economic Development (IPED) Organogram

Director: Integrated Planning & Economic

Development

Housing Technician

x1

Town Planning

Town Planner x 1

Professional)

Housing Clerks x2 Building Inspector

x1

Land Use Management

Clerks x2

Human Settlement

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12.1 PROPOSED STRUCTURE TO MEET THE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS (HOUSING)

MANDATE

Figure 10.2: Proposed Human Settlements (Housing) Unit Structure

The Housing Manager will be responsible for the following activities:

Strategic planning;

Project and Programme management;

Contract management; and

Stakeholder and government relations (IGR)

The Technical person will be responsible for:

Land and project packaging; and

Project development; and

Project management.

The Administrator will be responsible for:

Housing demand;

Beneficiary administration and community management; and

Housing finance and administration

Other functions, especially,

Infrastructure planning (can be sourced from engineering section of the LM or DM)

Financial Administration (can be sourced from the Finance section of the LM)

Quality monitoring (can be sourced from engineering section of the LM, DM or the Province)

13 ACCREDITATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING STRATEGY

13.1 Accreditation Sakhisizwe Local Municipality needs intensive support programme from the Department of Human

Settlements (DoHS) to enhance its capacity on human settlements delivery. As indicated above, the Housing

Unit needs to be strengthened with staff and other resources to enable the municipality run its own housing

projects in order to ensure that it could be considered for Level 1 Accreditation, at least, by 2022.

Levels of Accreditation

There are 3 levels of accreditation, namely

• Level One: Beneficiary management, subsidy budget planning and allocation, and priority

programme management and administration (Delegated functions)

Housing Manager

Other functions Administration Technical

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• Level Two: Full programme management and administration of all housing

instruments/programmes (in addition to Level One) (Delegated functions)

• Level Three: Financial administration (in addition to Level Two) (All functions – Level One, two and

three are assigned)

Level One Accreditation Status

This status must be delegated to SLM by 2022 (upon application to DoHS) to enable it undertake the full

range of functions relating to the following:

• Subsidy budget planning and allocation and priority programme management and administration:

o includes the delegation of housing subsidy budgetary planning functions across National and

Provincial housing programmes and projects;

o The delegation of subsidy/fund allocations; and

o The delegation of project identification functions

• Priority programme management and administration includes

o Delegation of programme and project evaluation and approval functions for specific progamme (s);

contract administration, subsidy registration, programme management including cash flow

projections and management and technical (construction) quality assurance functions for the

priority programme (s)

13.2 Capacity Building Strategy Training, skills development and capacity building programmes and courses need to be provided at the

municipal level to ensure that municipal officials and councillors are well capacitated in human settlements

delivery systems. Amongst others, the following training will be required:

• Project Management

• Project Planning and Programming

• Land Administration and Acquisition Procedures

• Subsidy Budget Planning & Administration

• Beneficiary Administration

• Financial Management

• Contract Administration

• Priority Programmes Management:

(Contract Administration, Subsidy Registration, Cash flow projection & Management, Quality

(Technical) Assurance Function)

It is important to indicate that mentorship programme, using experienced housing practitioners would be

necessary for at least 12 months period to ensure a hand-on transfer of skills. An estimated budget of R 600

000 per annum will be required for such training.

Additionally, capacity training or workshops in housing delivery should not only be restricted to municipal

officials and councilors but also to Traditional Leaders and community members. Areas of importance for

discussion or training to this category of stakeholders should include:

Traditional Building Technology improvement.

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Housing Delivery Processes.

Vandalism to Human settlements properties.

Impact of informal housing development.

Self-help housing provision.

Land related issues.

An estimated budget of R 400 000 per annum will be required for such training or meetings for such

discussion.

14 HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING AND DELIVERY RISK MANAGEMENT MATTERS Table12-1: Risk Assessment

Risk Risk Mitigation

Inadequate information and analysis on

need and demand for proper planning

Undertake human settlements demand survey (demand database /

housing voice.

Ensure project pipeline is applied to identify aspect of existing and planned

projects that need to be covered.

Inadequate capacity within the

municipality to address human

settlement issues

Ensure clear allocation of responsibilities

Identify areas requiring capacity

Identify strategic partners

Review organogram and skills plan based on in-house responsibilities

Ensure appropriate structure, systems development and resourcing

Limited structured co-operation

between the municipality and the

province

Submit formal requests for training / mentoring /partnering

Establish SLA for on-going support

Challenges around resolving the secure

tenure issues in the communal areas. Research and policy to establish secure tenure and pilot implementation

Inadequate control and management of

the started projects Need for project tracking tool and technical expertise

15 GAPS REQUIRING FILLING The following Table outlines the key gaps that require filling to substantially strengthen the possibility of an

implementable strategy for this human settlement chapter.

Table 1315-1: Gaps requiring filling

Gaps to address Mode

Establishment of the real nature of need and

demand including better analysis of the

interaction and separation of tenure

security, basic infrastructure and top

structure.

Research on the baseline documents including Provincial MTEF, land

reform stats and basic infrastructure information plus discussion

with municipalities on summarised information

Development of rural human settlements

strategy that does not just use global

guesstimates.

Using the information from above and then linking this to specific

priority geographical areas that can have more intensive

information gathering. Closer planning linkage with ECDoHS and

Department of Rural Development & Land Reform to develop

responses.

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Proper listing of completed, existing and

future projects with necessary baseline and

tracking information

Use of supplied template to co-ordinate information from different

sources and then updating and completing this in contact with key

local and provincial stakeholders. Possibly a provincial project.

Analysis of proposed infrastructure

expenditure including water, sanitation,

roads and storm water drainage and linkage

of this to housing priority areas.

Source from provincial government documents and use local

municipality to link with existing priority areas of human

settlements need. Important to link this back to the human

settlements project pipeline to identify where there are direct

linkages.

Financing available for human settlements

and infrastructure in the area and analysing

the existing financing allocated to the area

for infrastructure, land reform and housing

and the linkage to established priorities

From the provincial MTEF and land reform MTEF and linkage back

to defined human settlements priorities in the area.

16 APPROVAL The adoption process is a very crucial stage in the implementation of the human settlements sector plan for

all the various role players, therefore it has to be conducted thoroughly. This process ensures the approval

of the human settlements sector plan (buy in process / ownership) and also ensures to smooth delivery of

the desired goals.

Table 164-1: Approval Process

ACTIVITY RESPONSIBILITY

Presentation of 1st draft strategy report to the LM Professional Team

Presentation of final draft to Project Committee Professional Team / LM

Consultations and Opportunity for comments LM

Council Approval and Adoption of Final Report LM

Consultations with the various stakeholders must be done in a way that does not create any expectations

from the communities but that provides them with the necessary information. This process should be dealt

with in a manner that is transparent and fair. After consultations have been done, comments are then

summarised and the committee must interrogate the comment and decide how each comment should be

treated.

To ensure that the human settlement sector plan has a legal status as required by the Housing Act of 1997

and Municipal Systems Act No 32 of 2000, the human settlement sector plan will have to be approved by

the Council. Once the council has adopted the human settlements sector plan, the ELM will have to advertise

the human settlement sector plan on all the relevant local newspaper to ensure that final comments are

received within 21 days. Once this process has been finalised, the human settlement sector plan will form

part of the approved IDP.

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ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE 1 – QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSES FOR SLM (2018)

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS BACKLOG IN THE SAKHISIZWE LM

1 Human settlements backlog in the period 1994 – 2017 (urban and rural)

12 406 units

2 Human settlements backlog addressed in the period 1994 – 2017 (urban and rural)

3 258 units

3 Human settlements backlog as at 2017 12 406 units

4 Human settlements backlog of people affected by disaster and are in need of permanent human settlement solution

65 units

5 Destitute housing 120 units

Urban settlements (Cala / Elliot) have 60 units and out of 60 units, only 10 units were approved by the SLM or Department of Human Settlements

Rural areas 60 units

6 Backyard shacks requiring human settlements interventions

304 units

7 Informal settlements requiring upgrading Informal settlements – (1754 units) Old Location (Elliot) 1000 units and out of 1000 units,

200 units are on private land Masimini location has 754 units Ekuthuleni ---- the figure needs to be identified.

8 Any human settlements waiting list available? Number?

12 406 units Elliot Old Location 1000 units Masimini Location 754 units Cala Ext 13&14 – 200 units Cala Ext 15 – 161 units Elliot 800 – 11 units Cala Ward 2 -2693 units Cala Ward 4 – 2662 units Other – 4830 units

CURRENT AND PLANNED HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROJECTS IN THE SLM

Housing Typology Current Planned No & Location

1 Social human settlement Projects 400 400 middle to upper income housing units (primary nodes only)

300 300 rental stock in nodal areas (Cala, Elliot towns and Upper Lafuta secondary node)

2 Rural human settlements projects 2 500 2500 low income housing units (RDP level across SLM)

3 Emergency settlements projects 65

4 Greenfield & in-situ projects 1754 Elliot Old Location 1000 units (in-situ) Masimini Location 754 units (in-situ)

5 Blocked human settlements projects

6 Rectification human settlements projects

603 440 Cala 301 (Rectification) Cala 420 (Rectification) Elliot 302 (Rectification) Cala 20 (Rectification)

7 Proposed human settlements projects

3 200 400 middle to upper income housing units (primary nodes only)

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300 rental stock in nodal areas (Cala, Elliot towns and Upper Lafuta secondary node) 2500 low income housing units (RDP level across SLM)

SPECIAL PROVINCIAL HUMAN SETTLEMENTS RELATED INITIATIVES

No. Housing Typology Current Planned No & Location

1 No. of street children that require human settlements

40 units Cala 20 units Elliot 20 units

2 No. of youth requiring human settlements 1000 units Entire municipal area

2 No. of HIV/Aids orphans requiring human settlements

N/A

4 No. of destitute people that require houses 26 units Entire municipal area

5 No. of Farm workers requiring human settlements

20 units Entire municipal area

No. of Military Veterans requiring human settlements

35units Entire municipal area

LAND AVAILABILITY FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DEVELOPMENT

Yes No Area if yes and location

1 Is there land available within the LM (urban and rural) for human settlements

The SDF identifies the

following areas as strategic

densification priority zones:

Around the Cala and Elliot

CBDs

Along Titsa Road Activity

Spine

Along Maclear Way Activity

Spine

Specifically, is there land available within the LM for rental human settlements

The SDF identifies parcels of land in Cala and Elliot towns

Is there land readiness for human settlements No serviced land for housing

2 What is land ownership status within the LM Majority of land parcels in Cala and Elliot towns are privately owned

3 Any land reform programme within the LM? Sakhisizwe LM has no outstanding land claims (Land Audit and IDP 2016/17)

4 Comment on any other issue related to land availability for human settlement

Rural areas have enough land for rural housing.

Some informal housing structures are constructed on privately owned land

INSTUTUTIONAL CAPACITY FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENTS DELIVERY

1 Has the LM has a dedicated Human Settlements Unit? Yes

No Can you please provide the organogram, if yes

2 Indicate the posts filled 3 Housing Clerks

3 Who undertake the following key areas for the LM

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4 Development of human settlements sector plan LM CHDM

Province Service Provider

Demand database

Beneficiary Administration

Land Release

Land packaging

Project packaging

Project development

Housing administration

Project management

Comments: Department of Human Settlements (Province) is taking over beneficiary administration

PROBLEMS AND/OR KEY ISSUES AFFECTING HUMAN SETTLEMENT DELIVERY IN THE LM

Shortage of land for human settlement provision

No serviced land for human settlement development

Large pockets of land within urban areas are privately owned

Lack of infrastructure e.g. Sanitation, roads, electricity

Lack of capacity in the directorate of human settlement at the municipality

Need for capacity building

Delays in erection of housing structures

Shortages of transport for human settlement officials to go to the sites for identifying housing

beneficiaries

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ANNEXURE 2 – PROJECTS FROM PREVIOUS HOUSING SECTOR PLANS

2008 – Housing Sector Plan Projects

Housing projects underway in Sakhisizwe

Project Name Project Units Project Type Project Status

Elliot 498 Project Linked Completed

Cala Ward 2 – 2693 2693 Rural Housing Programme Planning

Cala Ward 4 – 2662 2662 Rural Housing Programme Planning

Elliot Old Location 1000 1000 IRDP Phased Approach Planning, Services & Top Structure

Planning

Project Number Project Name Comment

Rectified RDP stock 1994-2002

C09090006/1 Elliot (Cala) 301 Construction

C09090008/1 Elliot 302 Construction

C99030006/1 Cala 420 Construction

IRDP Phased approach planning & services

Elliot Old Location 1000 Planning

IRDP Phased approach top structure (informal settlements)

C01010008/1 Cala Ext 13 &14 - 1545 Construction

C01100014/1 Cala Ext 15 - 1070 Construction

C01100043/1 Elliot 800 Construction

Rural Housing Programmes

C01100014/1 Cala Ward 4 - 2662 Planning

C01010008/1 Cala Ward 2 - 2693 Planning

Project linked subsidies serviced (housing units)

C99030006/1 Cala 420

C01010008/1 Cala Ext 13 &14 - 1545

C01100014/1 Cala Ext 15 - 1070

C10020014/1 Elliot Old Location 1000

Project Name Project Units Project Type Project Status Comment

Cala 420 420 Project Linked Current Rectification

Elliot Phase 2 - R/L 2 800 IRDP Phased Approach

Current

Cala Ext 13 & 14 - 1545 1545 Project Linked Current

Cala Ext 15 – 1070 1070 Project Linked Current

2011 – Housing Sector Plan

Current Projects

Project Name Project Type No of Sites Status

Ezibeleni 251 Project Linked 251

Elliot 302 Rectified RDP stock 1994-2002 302 Construction

Cala 420 Rectified RDP stock 1994-2002 420 Construction

Elliot Old Location 1000 IRDP 1 000 Planning

Cala Ext 13 &14 - 1545 IRDP 1 545 Construction

Cala Ext 15 - 1070 IRDP 1 070 Construction

Elliot 800 IRDP) 800 Construction

Cala Ward 4 - 2662 Rural Housing Programmes 2 662 Planning

Cala Ward 2 - 2693 Rural Housing Programmes 2 693 Planning

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Planned Projects

Project Name Project Type No of Sites Status

Cala 420 Project linked 420 Not in this Fin. Year

Cala Ext 13 &14 - 1545 Project linked 1 545 Not in this Fin. Year

Cala Ext 15 - 1070 Project linked 1 070 Not in this Fin. Year

Elliot Old Location 1000 Project linked 1 000 Not in this Fin. Year

2014 – Housing Sector Plan Projects

Current Projects

Project Name Project Type No of Sites Status

Cala Ext. 13 & 14 -R/land Ph2 1545 subs

People's Housing Process Project

1545 Current project - at tender stage

Cala - R/land Ph 2 -1070 subs People's Housing Process Project

1070 Current Project - Reduced to1062 units

Cala - Rectification 301 Progress Payment 301 Rectification Project

Cala Ext 13 & 14 - 717 Progress Payment 717 Current Project

Cala Ext 15 - 249 Progress Payment 249 Phase of Cala 1070 units

Cala - 420 Rectification Progress Payment 420 Current Project

Elliot - R/land Ph 2(Pola park) - 800 subs

People's Housing Process Project

800 Rectification Project

Elliot Rectification 302Units Progress Payment Housing Project

302 Phase of project on column14

Elliot - R/land Ph 2 (Pola park) - 324 Subs

Progress Payment Housing Project

324 Phase of project on column13

TOTAL 5 728

Planned Projects

Project Name Project Type No of Sites Status

Cala - Ward 2 - 2693 Units Rural Housing Project 2693 Pre - Planning - Voucher Scheme

Cala - Ward 4 2662 Units Rural Housing Project 2662 Pre-Planning - Voucher scheme

Chris Hani Destitute - Rural 559 subs

Rural Housing Project 30 Destitute Units. 16 units in Manzindaka and 15 units in Elliot

Elliot - Old Location1000 Progress Payment Housing Project 1000 Pre - planning Phase

TOTAL 6 385

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REFERENCES

1. Chris Hani District Municipality Integrated Development Plan (IDP) (2017 -2022)

2. Chris Hani District Municipality Spatial Development Framework (SDF) (2015)

3. Chris Hani District Municipality Water Service Development Plan (2015)

4. Community Survey (2016)

5. District Office of DoHS (Komani)

6. EC Human Settlements Business Plan for 2018/19 Financial Year

7. Sakhisizwe Local Municipality Integrated Development Plan (IDP) (2018 -2019)

8. National Upgrading Support Programme Report (NUSP) (2017)

9. South African Statistics: Census 2001 and 2011