Human Security A Tool for Better Solutions

Mara Simane – LAPAS

Poor and Vulnerable Populations 2007—10 EE CA FSU Turkey

IMF WEO databases and WB staff calculationsEconomic Premise May, 2010 nr. 12.Under 5$ per day.

Why Human Security ?

• In time of limited funding helps determine priorities

• Facilitates collaboration• Puts people first• It works with perception• It gives answers data can’t

Definitions

Human Security – “freedom from fear and freedom from want” (Kofi Annan)

Securitability – ability to be and feel secure, and to reestablish a state of security and sense of security when these have been compromised

Dimensions of Human Security

PerceptionObjective

Situations

Threats Warning Signals

Risks Opportunities

low ------------------ securitability --------------- high Trauma Security Strategies

Illnesses Lessons Learned

Suicide Helplessness Anxiety Temporary Unease

Consequences

Security Threshold

Concentric Circles of Security

Individual

Family/Friends

Society/Local

National

International

Strengthening Securitability

1. Identify the individual/group2. Identify insecurity/threats (perceived and actual) 3. Identify priority securitability factors4. Identify security providers 5. Develop security strategies6. Prioritize the actions based on relevance to threats

and ability to implement the actions.

Poverty and Inequality in the Baltics

Absolute poverty ?Poverty risk (after social transfers)E-stat 08

EE 19% (19-22nd)

LV 26% (27-last)

LT 20% (22-24th)

GINI EU27(31) EE(31) LV(38) LT(34)

S80/S20 EU12(5.2) EE(5.0) LV(7.3) LT(5.9)

» Shadow economy» Non monetary support

Objective

Perceived Poverty Threats (to others)

Access to decent housing EE+23 LV+22 LT+18Hot meal 1 time per day EE+0 LV+24 LT+1Higher/adult education EE+6 LV+35 LT+23Having medical care EE+6 LV+23 LT+11Starting up a business EE+8 LV+24 LT+15

Eurobarometer 321, 2009 “Would you say that being poor hampers very much, somewhat, not very much or nota at all people’s chances of ? Answer “very much”

Expectations of security levels

Mainly responsible for reduction of poverty

EU 27

EE LV LT

EU 9 -7 -3 -3

National 53 + 11 + 24 +23

Local auth. 7 +2 -5 -5

NGOs 7 - 6 - 6 -6

Individuals 13 + 6 - 3 0

Eurobarometer 321, 2009

Desirable policies – National level

EU 27

EE LV LT

Work opportun.

61 +11 +13 +14

Ensuring ec. growth

42 + 2 +16 +21

Suf and reg > social benefits

32 +0 +8 -1

Training & qualification

38 + 16 - 11 + 2

Eurobarometer 321, 2009

Desirable policy to help people out of poverty

Trust of Security Levels

Tend to trust when speaking about measures in fight against poverty

EU 27

EE LV LT

EU 45 +14 +8 +14

National 36 +1 -22 +9

Local auth. 50 +5 - 8 -17

NGOs 63 - 1 - 5 -6

Individuals 57 + 4 - 3 - 4

Eurobarometer 321, 2009

Building Securitability

1. Identify the individual/group: 2. Identify insecurity/threats (perceived and actual)

o ask peopleo verify actual threatso identify perceptions

3. Identify priority securitability factors

Building Securitability

4. Identify security providers – perceived and potential

5. Develop security strategies6. Prioritize the actions based on relevance to threats

and ability to implement the actions.

30,000 per day - children die of hunger and poverty related diseases

http://endpoverty2015.org