Human Molecular Formula

Badarla Sandeep

A Text book of

Human'sMolecularFormulae

Preface:

This book is entirely based on organicnomenclature.This book is written with the aims that every personshould have their individual "Molecular Formulae".In this bookevery topic have been dealt to the point in a simple andunderstandable language.Things have been explained where everpossible.A good number of illustration examples with answers isalso provided in this book.This helps the students in devolopingtheir resoning skills in "Organic Nomenclature".

As every organic compound has its ownname and molecular formula.This text book helps in framing themolecular formula of each individual.Hope this text book would beintresting and meet the needs who want to know how a personcan be given a molecular formula.

Badarla Sandeep Chaitanya Bharathi Institute Of Technology

([email protected])

Before discussing about Molecular formulae of a person lets build up our basicsabout "Oragnic Nomenclature".

1.What is Organic Chemistry? Organic Chemistry is a chemistry involving thescientific study of structure, properties, compsition of Carbon based componds,Hydro Carbons and their derivatives.These compounds may contain any numberof other elements, including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, the halogens as well asphosphorous, silicon and sulphur.

2.Why is Organic Nomenclature Necessary? Organic chemistry is a vast branch as millionsof organic compounds are already known and thousands of new compounds arebeign added to this list every year.In order to facilitate the study of such largenumber of compounds.Therefore it is necessary to classify the organiccompounds. In order to classify this organic compounds the term "Nomenclature"comes into picture.

3.What is nomenclature? Nomenclature means the assesment of namesto the organic componds.The naming of organic compounds is an importantaspect in the study of organic chemistry as their number is very large and varietyof molecular structures exist in their molecules.The field has become morecomplex on the phenomenon of the isomerism.They are two main systems ofnomenclature of organic compounds.They are

1.Trvial system2.IUPAC system

Trivial System:

In this system whenever a new compoundis discovered it is given an individual name.These names are called Trivialnames.These names are also called Common names.

Examples:

(a) Acetic acid derives its name from vinegar of which it is chiefconstituent.(b) Formic acid was named as it was obtained from red ants.(c)The name oxalic acid, malic acid and citric acid is derived frombotanical sources.(d)Urea and Uric acid have been derived from animal sources.(e)The liqiud that is obtained by the destructive dstaillation of woodwas named as wood spirit.Later on it was called methyl alcohol.(f)Methane is called as marsh gas because it is produced in marshes.

IUPAC System:

IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is asystematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended bythe "International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)". Ideally, everypossible organic compound should have a name from which an unambiguousstructural formula can be drawn.The name assigned to an organic compound onthe basis of latest IUPAC rules is known as systematic name.

Features Of IUPAC System:

(a) A given compound can be assigned only one name(b) This system is helpfull in naming the complex organic compounds(c) This system is helpful in naming the multifunctional groups.(d) This is a simple,systematic and scientific method for the nomenclature oforganic compounds.

Now let us confine our discussion to nameorganic molecules in IUPAC system. In English we have 26 alphabets so let usgive name and molecular formulae to that 26 alphabets as shown. For this weneed to know the basic rules for naming organic molecules.

Structure of the methanemolecule: the simplesthydrocarbon compound.

So now let us study some basic rules for organic chemistry.

Methane

Ethane

Propane

CH4

CH3 CH3

CH3

CH2

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH2

Cyclo Propane

CH2 CH2

CH2CH2

Cyclo Butane

So now let us know how IUPAC names are given for Alphabets

1.

If we consider above example we can observe that themolecule that is present is cyclo propane.At 1,2 positions we find two methylsubstitutions.As a result the name of the above compound is 1,2-dimethylcyclopropane If we count the number of carbons we get 5 carbons and simillarly we get10hydrogens, Hence the molecular formula of this compound A is

2.

CH2

CH CH

CH3CH3

1,2-dimethylcyclopropane

A

CH2 CH2

CHCH

CH2 CH2

C5H10

bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane

B

Molecular Formula = C5H

10


10

If we consider the above compound it is a bicyclo compound and itsaturated.As a result the name of the compound bicyclo[2.2.0]hexaneIt contains 6 carbons and 10 hydrogens as a result the molecular formula of thecompound is

3.

4.

C6H10

CH2 CH3

CH2 CH3

Cbutane


10

CH2

CH2

CH2

cyclopropane

DMolecular Formula = C

3H

6

5.

6.

CH2

CH

CH2

CH3

CH3

CH3

3-methylpentane


14

E

CH2

CH

CH3

CH3

CH3

F2-methylbutane


12

CH3CH2

CH2 CH2

CH2CH3

7.

hexane


14

G8.

CH3

CH CH

CH3

CH3CH3

2,3-dimethylbutane


14

H

9. CH3

CH3

Iethane


6

10.

JCH3

CH2CH2

CH3

butane


10

11.

CH3

C

CH3

CH3

CH3

2,2-dimethylpropane


12

12.

CH3

CH2 CH3

propane


8

K

L

13.

MCH2

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH3

pentane


12

14.

CH2

CH3 CH2

CH3

butane


10

N

15.

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

cyclobutane


8

O16.

CH2

CH CH2

CH2

CH3

methylcyclobutane


10

P

QCH3

CH2

CH2 C

CH2

CH3

17.

18.

CH

CH2 CH2

CH

CH3 CH3

R

1,1-dimethylcyclobutane


12

1,2-dimethylcyclobutane


12

CH3CH2

CH2 CH2

CH2CH3

S19.

hexane


14

20.

CH3 CH CH3

CH3

2-methylpropane


10

T

22.

CH3

CH2

CH3

Vpropane


8

21.CH3

CH2 CH2

CH3

butane


10

U

23.

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH3

Wpentane


12

CH3

C

CH3

CH3 CH3

2,2-dimethylpropane

24.


12

X

25.CH3CH3

CH

CH3

CH3 CH2

CH2 CH3

2-methylpropane


10

26.

butane


10

Y

Z

This is how we can give names and molecular formulae for alphabets by using IUPACnomenclature. Let us now generate the molecular formula of a name.

Example1: "Chemical Engineering" has a formula

This can be done as follows

C

H

E

M

I

C

A

L

E

N

G

I

N

E

E

R

I

N

G


10butane

2,3-dimethylbutane Molecular Formula = C6H

14

3-methylpentane Molecular Formula = C6H

14

pentane Molecular Formula = C5H

12

ethane Molecular Formula = C2H

6

butane Molecular Formula = C4H

10

1,2-dimethylcyclopropane Molecular Formula = C5H

10

propane Molecular Formula = C3H

8

3-methylpentane

3-methylpentane

3-methylpentane


14


14


14

butane

butane

butane


10


10


10

hexane

hexane


14


14

ethane

ethane


6


6

1,2-dimethylcyclobutane Molecular Formula = C6H

12

Alphabet IUPAC Name Molecular Formula

Total : C35H84

Total : C52H124

C87H208

So in above example the number of Carbons and Hydrogens are added in word "Chemical" and theirtotal is witten simillarly write the total for engineering as follows shown in above example.

Now add the two toatals we get the molecular formula of "Chemical Engineering"

This can be done as follows:

1.Chemical

2.Engineering

C35H84

C52H124

Chemical Engineering C87H208

So this is how one can generate molecular formulae for any name. Thereforemolecular name for a person can also be generated on same lines.

So Hurry Up try to generate molecular formulae for ur name....................

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Human Molecular Formula

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