HUMAN HUMAN ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONINTERACTION

Chapter 21, Section 3Chapter 21, Section 3

Because of scarce water supplies, people in Southwest Asiause several methods to obtain fresh water for

drinking and for

agriculture.

DAMS AND PIPELINESDAMS AND PIPELINES

TURKEY IS BUILDING A SERIES OF TURKEY IS BUILDING A SERIES OF DAMS ON THE EUPHRATES RIVERDAMS ON THE EUPHRATES RIVER

Why would building a dam on this Why would building a dam on this river be controversial? Look at the river be controversial? Look at the

map on page 494.map on page 494.

Countries downstream Countries downstream from the damfrom the dam

may lose access to enough may lose access to enough waterwater

for their citizens’ needs.for their citizens’ needs.

ISRAELISRAELTHE NATIONAL CARRIER

PROJECT IN ISRAEL WILL CARRY

WATERFROM THE MOUNTAINS,

SEA OF GALILEE, AND THE JORDAN RIVER.

LOOK AT YOUR MAP OF ISRAEL.

WHAT POLITICAL PROBLEMS WILL ISRAEL

HAVE WHILECONSTRUCTING AND

USING THIS PIPELINE?

DESALINIZATIONDESALINIZATION SOME COUNTRIES HAVE SOME COUNTRIES HAVE

DESALINIZATION PLANTSDESALINIZATION PLANTS

TO REMOVE SALT FROM SEAWATERTO REMOVE SALT FROM SEAWATER

THIS PLANT IN SAUDI ARABIA IS VERYTHIS PLANT IN SAUDI ARABIA IS VERY

EXPENSIVE TO BUILD AND OPERATE.EXPENSIVE TO BUILD AND OPERATE.

WHERE DOES SAUDI ARABIA GET THE MONEYWHERE DOES SAUDI ARABIA GET THE MONEY

TO BUILD A PLANT LIKE THIS?TO BUILD A PLANT LIKE THIS?

DESALINATION IS DESALINATION IS ALSO DONEALSO DONE

ON CRUISE SHIPSON CRUISE SHIPS

FOSSIL WATER FROM AQUIFERS WILLNOT BE REPLACED, DUE TO THE LACK

OF ADEQUATE RAINFALL.

EXPERTS ESTIMATE THAT AT THE CURRENT RATE OF DEPLETION, THE

AQUIFERS IN THIS REGION MAYDRY UP IN 25-30 YEARS.

DRIP IRRIGATION THAT CONSERVESWATER AND DRIPS IT AT THE ROOTSOF PLANTS IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE

METHOD IN DRY CLIMATES.

OIL WAS DISCOVERED IN PERSIA, OIL WAS DISCOVERED IN PERSIA, NOW KNOWN AS IRAN, IN 1908NOW KNOWN AS IRAN, IN 1908

HOW WOULD THE DISCOVERY OF OIL CHANGE HOW WOULD THE DISCOVERY OF OIL CHANGE THE CULTURE OF A COUNTRY?THE CULTURE OF A COUNTRY?

AFTER WORLD WAR II, ONE OF THE AFTER WORLD WAR II, ONE OF THE LARGEST OIL FIELDS WAS DISCOVERED LARGEST OIL FIELDS WAS DISCOVERED

IN SAUDI ARABIAIN SAUDI ARABIA READ PAGE 497, “FORMING PETROLEUM.”READ PAGE 497, “FORMING PETROLEUM.”

WHY DOES THE OIL EXIST IN SUCH LARGE WHY DOES THE OIL EXIST IN SUCH LARGE QUANTITIES HERE ?QUANTITIES HERE ?

LOOK AT THE DIAGRAM ON LOOK AT THE DIAGRAM ON PAGE 498PAGE 498..DRAW A DRAW A FLOW MAPFLOW MAP TO SHOW WHERE THE PATH OF TO SHOW WHERE THE PATH OF

REFINING FROM CRUDE OIL TO GASOLINEREFINING FROM CRUDE OIL TO GASOLINE..WRITE 3 RISKS OF TRANSPORTING OIL THROUGH WRITE 3 RISKS OF TRANSPORTING OIL THROUGH

PIPES, SHIPS, OR TRUCKS.PIPES, SHIPS, OR TRUCKS.