HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Transcript of HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Human Digestive System
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Introduction
• The Human digestive system is a complex process that consist of breaking down large organic masses into smaller particles that the body can use as a fuel.
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Types of Digestion
• Mechanical digestion:• The physical
breakdown of food through mastication (chewing), mixing with saliva by tongue action, churning in stomach.
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• Chemical digestion: The chemical
breakdown of food because of substances secreted by accessory organs.It is accomplished by enzymes in digestive juices.
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Parts of Digestive System
Main Parts
• Mouth• Esophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Large Intestine
Accessory Parts
• Liver • Pancreas• Gall bladder• Salivary glands
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Mouth: The mouth is
the beginning of the digestive system, and, in fact, digestion starts here before you even take the first bite of a meal.
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There are two major processes which take place
Mastication: - Breaks down large food molecules - Increases surface area of food particles
Secretion of Saliva: - Contains salivary amyles (ptylain) that digest starts to
maltose
- It lubricants and moistens food
- Provides alkaline medium
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Esophagus: - It is a mucus muscular
membrane lined tube - Muscles move the food to
the stomach through a wave-like motion refferred to as“ Peristalsis”
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Peristalsis: It is an involuntary
process of muscular contraction forcing the food (bolus) down to the stomach
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Stomach: The stomach is hollow,
muscular holding pouch for food. The stomach has 3 regions:
• The fundus• The body• The pylorus
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The food enters this part of stomach from the esophagus. The esophageal (cardiac) sphincter, a circle of muscular tissue, surrounds the place where the esophagus enters the stomach and keeps food from going back up the esophagus after it has entered the stomach.
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Functions of Stomach:
churns, mixes and stores food site of food breakdown using HCL and Pepsin chemical breakdown of protein begins
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• Small Intestine:
The small intestine is the body’s
major digestive organ. It is a muscular tube extends approximately 20 feet.
Nutrients are absorbed in small intestine through villi (which increases surface area) into the blood stream.
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Parts of Small Intestine:
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
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• Large Intestine:
The distal portion of the intestine, about 5 feet long, extending from its junction with the small intestine to the anus and comprising the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.
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Thank You