Six Words and Pictures Holocaust Dictionary

http://www.holocaustpictures.org/

Auschwitz-Birkeneau, also known as AuschwitzⅡ, was a concentration camp considered as the second

part of the Auschwitz. It was built in 1941, near Birkeneau, Poland, when the Holocaust slowly began.

People imprisoned in in Auschwitz-Birkeneau, like people in AuschwitzⅠ, were mostly used as slave

labors in local factories and quarris. However, unlike the AuschwitzⅠ, it contained more barracks for So-

viet prisoners and the Jews. When the people arrived at Auschwitz, they were determined if they were

capable of working or not. People who were determined as unable to work of hard work, they were sent

to gas chambers in Auschwitz-Birkeneau. They were required to strip all their clothes before entering,

and when they did entered, they were all quickly killed by the poisonous gas, Zylon B. These gas cham-

bers killed about 2000-2500 people at a time. The left over bodies were burned in crematoria, also lo-

cated in Auschwitz-Birkeneau, and if there were not any room for more bodies to burn, the bodies were

stacked in rows for a burial or for a later time. Overall, about 1,250,000 people were killed in

Auschwitz-Birkeneau, nobody knows the exact number. Still today, there still are the remains of this

deadly concentration camp, where millions of people died in pain.

Lawton, Clive, Auschwitz, London: Candlewick Press, 2002. Print.

“Auschwitz” The Holocaust. 1997. Print.

Auschwitz-Birkeneau

Aerial photograph of Auschwitz II (Birkenau). Poland, December 21, 1944.— National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Md.http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?MediaId=3139

Dr. Josef Mengele was the one of the Nazi doctors who conducted medical experiments to

the victims of the Holocaust. In fact, he was the worst. In the time period of World War Ⅱ, when the

Holocaust was occurring, Dr. Josef Mengele was a German doctor and the chief physician at

Auschwitz. He had the full control of who would lice or die; he killed about 400,000 “unfit” Jews in

the gas chambers. Furthermore, he also conducted experiments on defenseless inmates such as ba-

bies, dwarfs, and twins. These experiments were painful, exhausting, often lethal, and traumatic

since the experiments included forcible sterilization, amputations and injections of lethal injections.

While the experiments occurred on the victims, Dr. Mengele observed their reactions. When the

Auschwitz liberated in January 1945, Dr. Mengele disappeared, he escaped to South America after

the war. Afterwards, in 1949, He became the political asylum in Argentina. In 1959, when the Ger-

mans authority was issued for warrant arrest, he once again was gone. Later on in 1979, Wolfgang

Gerhard was found dead in Brazil by swimming incident, which in 1985, was found as Josef Mengele.

“Mengele, Josef.” The Holocaust. 1997. Print.

Dr. Josef Mengele

Instytut Pamieci Narodowej, courtesy of Archiwum Glownej Komisji Zbrodni Przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu Instytutu Pamieci Narodowej http://digitalassets.ushmm.org/pho-toarchives/detail.aspx?id=1041712

/wEPDwU/wEWBwL

Elie Wiesel is a famous Holocaust survivor, who still lives and remembers the tragic memo-

ries of the Holocaust. During World War Ⅱ, in Nazi-occupied territories, Jew and other races were sent

to concentration or the death camps. Elie Wiesel was sixteen years old when his whole family, his two

parents and three sisters, and he were sent to the Buchenwald concentration camp. When the camp

was liberated in May 1945, unfortunately, only he and his two sisters survived. He then went to France,

at an age of 22, instead of where his actual home was in Hungary. In France, he learned to speak

French and eventually became a journalist. After, he went to Israel, and finally he was able to make his

way to America as a professor of Boston University. In addition to that, Wiesel is also famous for his

books; one of them is the book called the Nights. The book Nights is his autobiographical account of his

life in Buchenwald and is his first published book. He won both French and American literary awards,

as well as the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985. Now, Wiesel has become a big part of the world; he teaches,

lectures, conducts workshops, and most of all, he became a sought-after Holocaust expert. And yet, he

develops two themes in everything he does: peace and harmony.

Ayer, Eleanor. The Survivors. San Diego: Lucent Books Inc., 1998. Print.

Schuman, Michael . Elie Wiesel. New Jersey: Enslow Publishers Inc., 1994. Print.

Elie Wiesel

Elie Wiesel speaks at the Faith in Humankind conference, held before the opening of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, on September 18–19, 1984, in Wash-ington, DC.— US Holocaust Memorial Museumhttp://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/me-dia_ph.php?MediaId=5976

Gypsies are the nomadic people originating in India who reached Europe in the

15th century. Like the other races throughout WWⅡ, Gypsies were one of the victims of the

Holocaust. Among about 936,000 Gypsies in Nazi-occupied territories, and 220,000 were

murdered. They were interned, deported to slave and death camps. Twin and handicapped

children were taken by Dr. Josef Mengele for medical experiments. Also, on July, 31, 1944,

all the Gypsies were killed in Gypsy camp in Auschwitz. Even though over ten thousand

Gypsies died, reasonable amount still survived. In fact, Gypsies who lived in the same place

over 2 years were not killed. Overall, for Gypsies, life style was more important than racial

type and extermination selective.

“Gypsies.” The Holocaust. 1997. Print

Gypsies

Romani (Gypsy) families in Belzec labor camp. Poland, 1940.— Archiwum Dokumentocji Mechanizneyhttp://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?Medi-aId=6303

Nazi doctors conducted series of medical experiments to the victims of the

Holocaust. The victims were made to drink salt water for to measure ability to adapt

harsh water time condition, were exposed to high altitude pressure 13 miles above earth

without oxygen supply, and were given deadly diseases for new vaccinations. People were

treated like guinea pigs and many died from the experiments. Auschwitz like medical op-

eration. Even though there were several doctors like Dr. Carl Clauberg and Dr. Horst

Schumann who conducted these experiments in Auschwitz, none were like Josef Mengele,

he was the worst among them. After the Holocaust was over, trials of war criminals were

devoted to the doctors. As the result, 7 were executed and 9 received prison sentence.

“Medical Experiments.” The Holocaust. 1997. Print.

Medical Experiments

Medical personnel ex-periment on a prisoner at the Buchenwald concentration camp. Buchenwald, Germany, date uncertain.— La Documentation Francaisehttp://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_ph.php?Me-diaId=781

Throughout the Holocaust, Zylon B was used for mass murders. Its other name is hydrogen

cyanide, a deadly poisonous gas. It was mostly used in gas chambers in Auschwitz and Majadanek,

this deadly gas was manufactured by Degesch, a company that produced pest extermination products.

For the ease of transportation, Zylon B was transported in crystalline form. When it was used, crystals

dropped through a resalable hatch, and soon the crystalline form turned into deadly gas. The victims,

sealed in the gas chambers then quickly lost consciousness in few seconds or even few minutes. The

Nazis considered this as an improvement over the crude method of gassing carbon monoxide, which

took much longer time to kill people. Later on after when WWⅡand at the same time, when the Holo-

caust ended, manufacturers of Zylon B were executed for creating and selling such a poisonous gas.

“Zylon B.” The Holocaust. 1997. Print

Zylon B

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