How to Write APA 6th

8/11/2019 How to Write APA 6th

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Running head: SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE no more than 50 charcters 1

Tite o! "our Research Stud#

$uthor%s& First' (idde Initia %i! a))ica*e& and Last Name%s& in Starting +ith the

Indi,idua +ho (ade the -iggest .ontri*ution %not a)ha*etica&

Institutiona $!!iiation%s&

$uthor Note

The author note is t#)ica# used in manuscri)ts that +i *e su*mitted !or )u*ication/ The

author note ma# )ro,ide additiona in!ormation regarding the a!!iiations o! the authors/ It is

aso used to acno+edge those +ho contri*uted to the stud#' *ut not at the e,e o! authorshi)/

Last#' the author note t#)ica# incudes contact in!ormation !or at east one author %see $$

guide )/ 23' section 2/04 sam)e )a)er on )/ 31/&

Remem*er to !ormat the author note using *oc !ormat %no indents' e!t or right 6usti!ication&/


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SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE 2

Abstract

The a*stract is a *rie! %usua# 1007150 +ords& summar# o! #our e8)eriment/ 9hat +as #our

uestion; 9hat did #ou do; 9hat did #ou !ind; 9hat is #our concusioncard sorting'? >res)onse time? and decision maing/

%Note: the +ord >e#+ord? is itaici@ed and indented/&


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Tite

On the third )age' #ou t#)ica# *egin #our introduction/ Notice that the +ord

=INTRODA.TION= does nota))ear at the to) o! the )age as man# o! the other headings do/

The tite used is the same one that a))ears on the co,er )age/

The !irst )aragra)h shoud contain a descri)tion o! the )henomena that #ou are stud#ing/

(ae a genera statement a*out the )henomenon and ho+ it is t#)ica# measured/ $so' ta

a*out ho+ one might mani)uate or in!uence the outcome %i/e' +hat ,aria*es coud )otentia#

in!uence the resuts&/

Su*seuent research shoud descri*e )re,ious research that e8amined the )henomena/

These studies ser,e to )ro,ide the rationae !or #our stud#/ 9hat did the researchers do; 9hat

did the# !ind; 9hat did the# concude;

Do this !or each stud# cited/ T#)ica#' one or more )aragra)hs are necessar# to e8)ain

each stud#/ Tr# to mae the transition smooth !rom one )aragra)h to the ne8t/ Ase transition

+ords %see SIBN$L 9ORDS handout&/ For e8am)e'similarly' Cones et a/ !ound thator' in

contrast' Smith re)orted that

Descri*e studies that used simiar e8)erimenta )rocedures to the ones that #ou are using

and mention the !indings/

Descri*e the )resent %your& e8)eriment/ De!ine #our e8)erimenta uestion/ Descri*e

+hat #ou are doing di!!erent# !rom other studies/ Descri*e #our e8)erimenta h#)othesis %i/e/'

+hat do #ou e8)ect to !ind;&/


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Method

Participants

This section immediate# !oo+s the Introduction/ DO NOTea,e e8tra ines/ The on#

time #ou start on a ne+ )age is i! the heading is *# itse! at the *ottom o! the )age

On# in!ormation reated to su*6ects is )resented here/ That is' ho+ man# su*6ects' ages'

gender' nature o! )artici)ation %i/e/' )aid !or )artici)ation' !u!iment o! an academic

reuirement' etc/&/ I! #ou are +oring +ith a s)ecia )o)uation or there +ere other criteria !or

seection' this shoud aso *e incuded/

Apparatus (Materials/Stimuli)

On# in!ormation reated to the stimui used in the e8)eriment is )resented here/

Remem*er that the stimui that are descri*ed are !or the entire e8)eriment' not 6ust one su*6ect/

Experimental Design

I! a com)e8 design is used' in!ormation a*out the e8)erimenta design is )resented here/

I! the design is sim)e' it ma# *e incor)orated into the )rocedure section/ "ou must descri*e the

design' +ithin or *et+een7su*6ects %i/e/' ho+ the inde)endent ,aria*e +as mani)uated +ith

res)ect to su*6ects&/ "ou must de!ine the inde)endent ,aria*e %note: DO NOTsa# the

inde)endent ,aria*e +asRather' name the ,aria*e& and descri*e the e,es o! the inde)endent

,aria*e/ "ou must descri*e an# contro )rocedures that +ere used/ For e8am)e' the order o!

conditions %i/e/' counter*aanced' Latin Suare design' random# ordered' etc/& and the

assignment o! su*6ects to conditions %im)ortant in *et+een7su*6ects designs&/ Foo+ing the

descri)tion o! the contro )rocedures !or the )resentation o! conditions to su*6ects %+ithin su*6ect

designs& and


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condition/ I! #ou do not use an e8)erimenta design su*heading' #ou must )ro,ide this

in!ormation at or near the beginning o the procedure section!

Procedure

$ concise descri)tion o! the e8)erimenta )rocedures/ That is' +hat the su*6ect

e8)erienced/ Organi@e this section around the e,ents in each tria/ This incudes the order and

the timing o! di!!erent stimui that +ere )resented/ 9hen #ou get to critica stimuus e,ents' gi,e

the s)eci!ic detais a*out its


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SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE G

"esults

(immediatel# ollo$s Method % don&t lea'e extra lines)

resent a statement a*out the o,era resuts o! the mani)uation %i/e/' there +as an e!!ect

or not&/ For e8am)e' >Brou)7mean res)onse times ,aried as a !unction o! the num*er o!

aternati,es in a card7sorting tas/? Then descri*e the data under each condition/ resent the

descri)ti,e statistics !irst/ I! ta*es or !igures +ere used' )oint the reader to a Figure or Ta*e/

For each ta*e or !igure' )ro,ide a structure statement %te the reader ho+ to read the !igure or

ta*e&/ For e8am)e' Ta*e 1 dis)a#s *oth the grou) mean res)onse times and the mean sort time

!or each su*6ect under each condition/ Then )resent a content statement that descri*es the

message that the data re,eas/ For e8am)e' =The data sho+ that the grou)7mean res)onse time

under the 27aternati,e condition +as ess than the grou) mean res)onse time under the 37

aternati,e condition/= Do not re)eat the in!ormation )ro,ided in the ta*e or !igure in the te8t/

That is' i! the ta*e )resents the grou) mean res)onse times under each condition' do not )resent

the mean res)onse times in the te8t/ Once the data ha,e *een descri*ed' )resent the resuts o!

in!erentia statistica tests/ Te the reader +hat tests +ere a))ied and +hat measures +ere

su*6ected to the test/ For e8am)e =The di!!erence *et+een grou) means +as !ound to *e

signi!icant' t%d!&t ,aue'p/05/?

Do not )ro,ide in!ormation a*out the meaning o! the nu h#)othesis or the meaning o!

the a)ha e,e and +hat chance !actors ha,e to do +ith the !indings/ Do not use the +ord

=)ro,e/= "ou ma# use the +ord =signi!icant/= Do not use the +ord =insigni!icant/= "ou ma# sa#

=not signi!icant/=

This *asic !ormat shoud *e !oo+ed !or a ,aria*es' ta*es' !igures' and statistica tests/

Re)ort the resuts' *ut do notinter)ret them except+ith sim)e statements such as >the data %the


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SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE J

!indings' the ana#ses& suggest that the num*er o! aternati,es a!!ects res)onse time/? The resuts

section shoud *e used !or stating +hat +as !ound/ The discussion section is used !or e8)aining

+h# #ou thin #ou !ound +hat #ou did/

Discussion

The discussion immediate# !oo+s the resuts section/ Do not si) s)aces !oo+ing the

resuts/

Restate #our e8)erimenta uestion/ Descri*e #our !indings/ Did #ou !ind +hat #ou

)redicted;

Bo *ac to the other research that #ou cited in the introduction/ $re #our !indings simiar

to or di!!erent !rom these studies; I! di!!erent' do #ou ha,e an# idea +h#; 9hat in!ormation do

#ou ha,e to su))ort this;

Ta a*out an# )rocedura di!!erences *et+een #our stud# and others/ Ho+ might the#

ha,e a!!ected the outcome o! #our stud#;

Reiterate #our concusions/ Ta a*out an# shortcomings or imitations to the )resent

stud#/ Suggest ideas !or im)ro,ing the stud# and !or !uture research/


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SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE K

"eerences

%The re!erence )age a+a#s *egins on a ne+ )age/ -eo+ is a sam)e o! the !ormatting&

$merican s#choogica $ssociation %2001&/ Publication Manual of the American

Psychological Association (5thed.). 9ashington' D.: $uthor/

-erntsen' D/ %1G&/ In,ountar# auto*iogra)hica memor#/ Applied Cognitive Psychology' !'

3457353/

-ro+n' S/9/' Ne+com*' D/./ Mahr' M/B/ %15&/ Tem)ora7signa detection and indi,idua

di!!erences in timing/ Perception" #$' 525754K/

Eiser' H/ %1G&/ Time )erce)tion !rom a )s#cho)h#sicists )ers)ecti,e/ In: H/ He!rich %Ed/&'

%ime and mind %))/G57KG&/ Seatte: Hogre!e Hu*er u*ishers/

Hics' R/E/ (ier' B/9/ %1JG&/ Trans!er o! time 6udgments as a !unction o! !eed*ac/

American &ournal of Psychology" '' 4047410/

Hogarth' R/(/' Bi**s' -/C/' (cMen@ie' ./R/(/ (aruis' (/ $/ %11&/ Learning !rom

!eed*ac: E8actingness and incenti,es/ &ournal of *perimental Psychology+ ,earning"

Memory - Cognition' %3&' J437J52/

(ace' C/H/ %200G&/ E)isodic remem*ering creates access to in,ountar# conscious memor#:

Demonstrating in,ountar# reca on a ,ountar# reca tas/ Memory' $%')" 1J723/

(c-urne#' D/H/ %2001&/ /esearch methods (5thed.). AS: 9ads+orth


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SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE

$ )a)er ma# ha,e more than one ta*e/ Num*er the ta*es in the order )resented in the )a)er/

Each ta*e is )resented on a SE$R$TE )age/

%able %itle%gi,e the tite a name +hat does it descri*e


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Figures !oo+ ta*es/ Each !igure is )resented on a se)arate )age/ The !igures are num*ered in

the order the# a))ear in the te8t/ Start the !igure near the to) o! the )age/ The !igure ca)tion is a

*rie! descri)tion o! the !igure/ It a))ears at the *ottom o! the !igure and is dou*e s)aced/ The

+ord >Figure? and the !igure num*er are itaici@ed/

$nother is )ro,ided *eo+/

Days

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

NumberofAggrssiveIncidens

0

2

4

6

8

10

4igure / The !igure sho+s the num*er o! aggressi,e incidents *e!ore and a!ter treatment/ The

time o! inter,ention is re)resented *# the ,ertica dashed ine/ The gra)h sho+s a s#stematic

decrease in aggressi,e out*ursts !oo+ing im)ementation o! the treatment/

How to Write APA 6th

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