How did Catholics respond to the Protestant Reformation?

1. Ignatius Loyola

2. Popes – the Council of Trent

3. Catholic Kings

The Catholic Reformation

1. Ignatius Loyola – – 1540 --founded the Society of Jesus (the

Jesuits)

• Education

• Conversion of non-Christians

• Preventing the spread of Protestantism

The Catholic Reformation

2. Popes and the Council of Trent

A. Pope Paul III

• Investigated abuses within the Catholic Church

• Approved the founding of the Jesuits

• Established the Inquisition

•Called the Council of Trent

Catholic Reformation

B. Pope Paul IV

Established the Index of Forbidden Books

The Catholic Reformation

The Council of Trent (1545)

1. The Pope’s interpretation of the Bible is final

2. Salvation is by faith and works

3. The Bible and tradition are the authority of the Christian life

4. Indulgences, pilgrimages and the veneration of holy relics were all valid expressions of faith.

Luther vs. Council of Trent

faith Faith and works

Bible Bible, Pope and tradition

Approach God and Bible personally

Dependence on priest to come to God

3. Catholic Kings Combat Protestantism

A. Charles V tried to force Catholicism on the German Princes

Result: Peace of Augsburg (1555)

German princes could decide between Catholicism and Lutheranism

Catholic Kings Combat Protestantism

B. Philip II of Spain

-sent the Spanish Armada to invade and force Catholicism on England

-1588 – the Spanish Armada destroyed