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Slide 2 How Adults Learn: Theory and Research Denise M. Payton Director of Choral Activities In partial fulfillment of The Educational Doctorate in Adult Learning Slide 3 Denise M. Payton 8101-01 Dr. Stone If Students Are Not Learning The Way We Teach, We Need To Teach The Way They Learn Slide 4 Learning Objectives To gain knowledge about Kolbs four type definition of learning styles. Diverging (CE/RO) Concrete Experience/ Reflective Observation Assimilating (AC/RO) Abstract conceptualization/ Reflective Observation Slide 5 Objectives cont. Converging (AC/AE) Abstract conceptualization/ Active Experimentation Accommodating (CE/AE) Concrete Experience/ Active Experimentation To realize the differences between auditory, visual and kinesthetic learners To classify your personal learning style Slide 6 David Kolb Received his PhD in philosophy from Yale University, taught at Fordham University, the University of Chicago, Nanzan University in Japan, and has been at Bates College in Maine, as the Charles A. Dana Professor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at the college. Slide 7 Slide 8 The Jungian Type Inventory is based on the types and preferences of Carl Gustav Jung, who wrote 'Psychological Types' in 1921. Slide 9 Jungian Inventory Preference From......To Energizing (Motivation) E = Extraversion (Expressive, External) I = Introversion (Reserved, Internal) Attending (Acquiring information, Inferring meaning) S =Sensing (Observant, Facts) N =Intuiting (Introspective, Ideas) Deciding (Formulating intent) T = Thinking (Tough-minded, Logic) F =Feeling (Friendly, Emotion) Living J =Judging (Scheduling, Structured) P = Perceiving (Probing, Flexible, Open Slide 10 Roger Fry David A. Kolb (with Roger Fry) created his famous model out of four elements: concrete experience, observation and reflection, the formation of abstract concepts and testing in new situations. Slide 11 Learning Styles Learning style is the way in which each learner begins to concentrate on, process and retain new and difficult information. Visual Learners Auditory Learners Kinesthetic Learners Slide 12 Learning Styles Inventory Slide 13 Gender Men and Women Slide 14 Visual take numerous detailed notes tend to sit in the front are usually neat and clean often close their eyes to visualize or remember something find something to watch if they are bored like to see what they are learning Slide 15 Auditory sit where they can hear but needn't pay attention to what is happening in front may not coordinate colors or clothes, but can explain why they are wearing what they are wearing and why hum or talk to themselves or others when bored acquire knowledge by reading aloud Slide 16 Kinesthetic need to be active and take frequent breaks speak with their hands and with gestures remember what was done, but have difficulty recalling what was said or seen find reasons to tinker or move when bored rely on what they can directly experience or perform Slide 17 Why Is It Important to Know Learning Styles? Students process information differently If educators teach exclusively to one style students comfort level may be diminished If only taught in one style students may lose mental dexterity to think in different ways. We should address the learning needs of all students Slide 18 Important Fact We must emphasize the need for teachers to be aware that all children, regardless of their race or ethnicity, have different learning styles. Slide 19 Now its your turn Learning Styles Link http://www.learning-styles-online.com/ http://www.learning-styles-online.com/ Response Survey Link http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/LQDQFHX http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/LQDQFHX Slide 20 References Baker, A. C., Jensen, P. J., & Kolb, D. A. (2002). Conversational learning: An experiential approach to knowledge creation: McGraw-Hill series in psychology (3d ed.). Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. Hartshorn, R. B, & Sue. (2009). Experiential learning of mathematics. htED321967 Kagan, S. (1994). Cooperativel learning. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing. Retrieved from http://www.KaganOnline.com http://www.KaganOnline.com Slide 21 Kolb, D. A. (2001). Experiential Learning. Retrieved from http://Retrieved from http://www.infed.org/biblio/b-explrn.htm Merriam, S., Caffarella, R., & Baumgartner, L. (2007). Self-directed learning. In Learning in adulthood (third ed., p. 128). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Slide 22 Smith, M. K. (2002). Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and andragogy. Retrieved from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-knowl.htm Slide 23