HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT 1 CHAPTER 8 REGIONAL SOCIETIES Section 1: The...
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Transcript of HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT 1 CHAPTER 8 REGIONAL SOCIETIES Section 1: The...
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 8
REGIONAL SOCIETIESREGIONAL SOCIETIES
Section 1:Section 1: The North and the Midwest The North and the Midwest
Section 2:Section 2: The Cotton Kingdom The Cotton Kingdom
Section 3:Section 3: The Slave System The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON2
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Objectives:Objectives: What were the differences between the lifestyles of wealthy, What were the differences between the lifestyles of wealthy,
poor, and middle-class families?poor, and middle-class families? What innovations transformed industrial and farm production What innovations transformed industrial and farm production
and domestic life in the early 1800s?and domestic life in the early 1800s? What were the major issues concerning trade unions, and what What were the major issues concerning trade unions, and what
actions did unions take in the early to mid-1800s?actions did unions take in the early to mid-1800s? What groups immigrated to the United States in the mid-1800s, What groups immigrated to the United States in the mid-1800s,
and how did some Americans respond to this immigration?and how did some Americans respond to this immigration? How did life in the Midwest change in the early 1800s?How did life in the Midwest change in the early 1800s?
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON3
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Wealthy familiesWealthy familiesheaded by bankers, manufacturers, and merchantsheaded by bankers, manufacturers, and merchantslavish homes; often concerned about social statuslavish homes; often concerned about social status
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON4
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Middle-class familiesMiddle-class familiesheaded by lawyers, artisans, ministers, and headed by lawyers, artisans, ministers, and
shopkeepersshopkeepersmodest homes; emphasized educationmodest homes; emphasized education
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON5
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Poor familiesPoor familiessmall apartments, attics, or cellarssmall apartments, attics, or cellarshigh levels of crime and diseasehigh levels of crime and disease
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON6
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
InnovationsInnovationsThe factory system allowed all aspects of The factory system allowed all aspects of
manufacturing to take place under one roof.manufacturing to take place under one roof.Power looms enabled factory production of cloth.Power looms enabled factory production of cloth.Lighter, stronger plows required less strength to Lighter, stronger plows required less strength to
operate.operate.The mechanical reaper allowed greater harvests in The mechanical reaper allowed greater harvests in
less time.less time.Sewing machines saved labor in the home.Sewing machines saved labor in the home.
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON7
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Issues of trade unionsIssues of trade unionsrising working hoursrising working hoursincreased production demandsincreased production demandschild laborchild laborpoverty of workerspoverty of workerssafety standardssafety standards
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON8
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Actions of unionsActions of unionswent on strikewent on strikeorganized political associationsorganized political associationspushed for reformspushed for reforms
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON9
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Immigrants in the mid-1800sImmigrants in the mid-1800smany Irishmany Irishmany Germansmany Germansmany Roman Catholicsmany Roman Catholics
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON10
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Nativist responseNativist responsefavoritism toward native-bornfavoritism toward native-borndesire to restrict immigrants’ voting and political desire to restrict immigrants’ voting and political
rightsrightscreation of nativist organizationscreation of nativist organizationsanti-Catholic riotsanti-Catholic riotsviolence against the foreign-bornviolence against the foreign-born
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON11
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Life in the MidwestLife in the Midwestincreased demand for cropsincreased demand for cropsincreasing crop specializationincreasing crop specializationnew agricultural technologynew agricultural technologyshift from home-produced goods to store-bought shift from home-produced goods to store-bought
goodsgoods
Section 1: The North and the MidwestSection 1: The North and the Midwest
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON12
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Objectives:Objectives:What were the major elements of the southern What were the major elements of the southern
economy?economy?How did planters differ from yeoman farmers and How did planters differ from yeoman farmers and
poor white farmers?poor white farmers?What cultural traits did white southerners of What cultural traits did white southerners of
different classes share?different classes share?What was life like for most free African What was life like for most free African
Americans in the South?Americans in the South?
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON13
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Elements of the southern economyElements of the southern economy high-demand agricultural goods such as cotton, corn, and high-demand agricultural goods such as cotton, corn, and
tobaccotobacco slave laborslave labor manufacturing of bricks, textiles, and tobacco productsmanufacturing of bricks, textiles, and tobacco products good portsgood ports few factory workersfew factory workers insufficient taxes to pay for improvementsinsufficient taxes to pay for improvements little purchasing power in the hands of the majoritylittle purchasing power in the hands of the majority
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON14
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
PlantersPlanterslarge, sometimes elaborate houseslarge, sometimes elaborate houses20 or more slaves20 or more slaves
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON15
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Yeoman farmersYeoman farmersin the majorityin the majoritysmall, modest homessmall, modest homesgrew own foodgrew own food
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON16
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Poor whitesPoor whiteslived on unproductive landlived on unproductive landstruggled to provide for themselvesstruggled to provide for themselves
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON17
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Cultural traits of white southernersCultural traits of white southernersdiet included corn, pork, and coffeediet included corn, pork, and coffeesimilar housingsimilar housingmusic, stories, arts and crafts influenced by British music, stories, arts and crafts influenced by British
and African heritageand African heritagecommon religion interpreted to support slaverycommon religion interpreted to support slavery
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON18
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Life for free African AmericansLife for free African Americansusually required to register with local authoritiesusually required to register with local authoritiesrequired to carry identification passesrequired to carry identification passesnot allowed to votenot allowed to votenot allowed to hold meetingsnot allowed to hold meetingsnot allowed to bear weaponsnot allowed to bear weaponsnot allowed to testify in court against whitesnot allowed to testify in court against whites
Section 2: The Cotton KingdomSection 2: The Cotton Kingdom
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON19
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Objectives:Objectives:How did critics and supporters of slavery explain How did critics and supporters of slavery explain
their positions?their positions?What were the living conditions of enslaved What were the living conditions of enslaved
African Americans like?African Americans like?What was the cultural life of slaves like?What was the cultural life of slaves like?What types of resistance did slaves practice?What types of resistance did slaves practice?
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON20
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Arguments against slaveryArguments against slaverycontradicted the values of freedom and libertycontradicted the values of freedom and libertyless profitable than basing economy on wage laborless profitable than basing economy on wage labor
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON21
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Arguments for slaveryArguments for slaveryonly way to provide an adequate supply of laboronly way to provide an adequate supply of laborslaves provided with adequate food and clothingslaves provided with adequate food and clothingslaves cared for in old ageslaves cared for in old age
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON22
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Living conditions of slavesLiving conditions of slavespoor housingpoor housinglimited foodlimited foodviolent punishmentsviolent punishmentsthreats of being soldthreats of being soldfamilies dividedfamilies divided
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON23
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Cultural life of slavesCultural life of slaves struggle to maintain family tiesstruggle to maintain family ties not allowed to learn to read, so became skilled storytellersnot allowed to learn to read, so became skilled storytellers animal tales used to veil discussion of ownersanimal tales used to veil discussion of owners African heritage reflected in rhythms and communal African heritage reflected in rhythms and communal
singing in musicsinging in music woodcarvings, pottery, woven baskets as folk artwoodcarvings, pottery, woven baskets as folk art religion a blend of Christian elements and traditional religion a blend of Christian elements and traditional
African beliefsAfrican beliefs
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON24
The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT
Resistance of slavesResistance of slavesrevoltsrevoltswork shutdowns and slowdownswork shutdowns and slowdownsrunning awayrunning away
Section 3: The Slave SystemSection 3: The Slave System