HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1 CIVICS IN PRACTICE HOLT Chapter 3 The U.S. Constitution Section 1:Ideals...

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON11

CIVICSCIVICS IN PRACTICEIN PRACTICEHOLTHOLT

Chapter 3Chapter 3

The U.S. ConstitutionThe U.S. Constitution

Section 1:Section 1: Ideals of the Constitution

Section 2:Section 2: The Three Branches of Government

Section 3:Section 3: An Enduring Document



Section 1:Section 1: Ideals of the ConstitutionIdeals of the Constitution

The Main IdeaThe Constitution is an agreement between the citizens of the

Untied States and the government that the people will grant powers to the government. In return, the government is to

carry out the goals of the Constitution.

Reading Focus How did the Pilgrims influence the framers of the

Constitution? What are the goals of the U.S. government as outlined in the

Constitution? What are the powers the Constitution gives to the federal and

state governments?



A. Pilgrims influenced the FramersA. Pilgrims influenced the Framers

1. Mayflower1. Mayflower

2. Mayflower Compact2. Mayflower Compact

a. Individual rightsa. Individual rights

b. Consentb. Consent




B. Government of the PeopleB. Government of the People

1. “We the People” (Preamble)1. “We the People” (Preamble)

2. Popular sovereignty2. Popular sovereignty




C. Goals of the U.S. ConstitutionC. Goals of the U.S. Constitution1. Limited Government1. Limited Government

2. Majority rule / minority rights2. Majority rule / minority rights




C. Goals of the U.S. ConstitutionC. Goals of the U.S. Constitution3. Six goals of the constitution3. Six goals of the constitution

a. Form a more perfect uniona. Form a more perfect union

b. Establish justiceb. Establish justice

c. Insure domestic tranquilityc. Insure domestic tranquility

d. Provide for the common defensed. Provide for the common defense

e. Promote the general welfaree. Promote the general welfare

f. Secure the blessings of liberty f. Secure the blessings of liberty




D. Powers of Federal and State D. Powers of Federal and State Governments Governments

1. Framers past experiences1. Framers past experiences

2. Federalist system2. Federalist system

a. Federal governmenta. Federal government

b. State governmentsb. State governments

c. Strong pointsc. Strong points




E. Federal Government PowersE. Federal Government Powers

1. Delegated1. Delegated

2. Powers given to the Federal government2. Powers given to the Federal government

a. Regulate tradea. Regulate trade f. Govern territoryf. Govern territory

b. Coin moneyb. Coin money g. Foreign relationsg. Foreign relations

c. Declare warc. Declare war h. Raise/support h. Raise/support armyarmy

d. Admit new statesd. Admit new states

e. Establish post officese. Establish post offices



F. State Government PowersF. State Government Powers1. Reserved1. Reserved

2. Powers 2. Powers

a. Regulate trade within statea. Regulate trade within state

b. Hold electionsb. Hold elections

c. Incorporate businessesc. Incorporate businesses

d. Issue licensesd. Issue licenses

e. Establish local governmentse. Establish local governments

f. Provide for: public safety, health, welfaref. Provide for: public safety, health, welfare



G. Shared PowersG. Shared Powers1. Concurrent1. Concurrent

a. Make and collect taxesa. Make and collect taxes

b. Borrow moneyb. Borrow money

c. Make and enforce lawsc. Make and enforce laws

d. Establish courtsd. Establish courts

e. Provide for the general welfaree. Provide for the general welfare



Question: Why did the Constitution establish separate powers for the state and federal governments?

to keep each from getting

too strong

state government

federal government

SECTION 1



The Main IdeaThe Constitution prevents any person, or any part of the government, from taking too much power. It does this by creating three separate branches of the federal government

and distributing power among them.

Reading Focus Why does the Constitution provide for the separation of

powers? What are the main responsibilities of each of the three

branches of government? How does the system of checks and balances work?

Section 2:Section 2: The Three Branches of GovernmentThe Three Branches of Government



A. Separation of PowersA. Separation of Powers1. Shield against tyranny1. Shield against tyranny




B. Legislative Branch—US CongressB. Legislative Branch—US Congress1. Comprised of :1. Comprised of :

a. Senate a. Senate

b. House of Representativesb. House of Representatives

2. Lawmaking arm of government2. Lawmaking arm of government

3. Controls flow of money3. Controls flow of money




C. Executive BranchC. Executive Branch1. President is head of executive branch1. President is head of executive branch

2. Executes / carries out laws2. Executes / carries out laws

3. Includes:3. Includes:

a. 15 executive departmentsa. 15 executive departments

b. State and Treasuryb. State and Treasury

c. Homeland Security in 2002c. Homeland Security in 2002




D. Judicial BranchD. Judicial Branch1. Interprets laws passed by Congress1. Interprets laws passed by Congress

2. Sets punishment2. Sets punishment

3. Supreme Court head of Judicial 3. Supreme Court head of Judicial




E. Checks and Balances:E. Checks and Balances:1. Framers influenced by Montesquieu1. Framers influenced by Montesquieu

2. Each branch can limit / check other branches 2. Each branch can limit / check other branches so no one branch is too powerful so no one branch is too powerful




E. Checks and Balances:E. Checks and Balances:3. Executive Checks3. Executive Checks

a. Vetoa. Veto

4. Legislative Checks4. Legislative Checks

5. Judicial Checks (originally not determined)5. Judicial Checks (originally not determined)

a. Judicial reviewa. Judicial review

i. Marbury v. Madison i. Marbury v. Madison




Question: Why does the Constitution provide for the separation of powers?

SECTION 2

to ensure that no one branch of the U.S. government becomes too powerful

Executive

Legislative Judicial



The Main IdeaThe Constitution is an enduring document that has met

the needs of a changing country for more than 200 years.

Reading Focus How did the framers envision change when writing

the Constitution? What are two ways in which the Constitution may be

changed?

Section 3:Section 3: An Enduring DocumentAn Enduring Document



A. Changing the ConstitutionA. Changing the Constitution

1. Difficult process—meant to survive politics 1. Difficult process—meant to survive politics and temporary changes in public opinionand temporary changes in public opinion

2. “Living” document2. “Living” document

3. Can be changed formally and informally3. Can be changed formally and informally




B. Amendment ProcessB. Amendment Process

1. Amendment is a formal change1. Amendment is a formal change

2. Approved by ¾ of the states2. Approved by ¾ of the states

3. Only successful 27 times in 225+ years3. Only successful 27 times in 225+ years





4. Amendment proposed in two ways4. Amendment proposed in two ways

a. 2/3 vote in both houses of Congressa. 2/3 vote in both houses of Congress

b. 2/3 of state legislatures ask Congress b. 2/3 of state legislatures ask Congress for for

a national convention (34)a national convention (34)





5. Ratification process in two ways5. Ratification process in two ways

a. Proposed amendment sent to state a. Proposed amendment sent to state

legislatureslegislatures

b. Proposed amendment sent to state b. Proposed amendment sent to state

conventionconvention

c. Amendment ratified by ¾ of states (38)c. Amendment ratified by ¾ of states (38)




C. Interpretation of the Constitution C. Interpretation of the Constitution

1. Changes can be made by custom and tradition1. Changes can be made by custom and tradition

a. Cabineta. Cabinet

2. Congress can interpret Constitution to decide2. Congress can interpret Constitution to decide

social issuessocial issues

3. Supreme Court interpretation of 3. Supreme Court interpretation of

Congressional actionCongressional action




• What are the six goals of government as stated in the Preamble of the U.S. Constitution?

• What are the three branches of the federal government, and what are their primary responsibilities?

• How does the system of checks and balances in the federal government work?

• What makes the Constitution of the United States a living document?

• How can the Constitution be amended?

Chapter 3 Wrap-Up

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1 CIVICS IN PRACTICE HOLT Chapter 3 The U.S. Constitution Section 1:Ideals...

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