HITRAP - a facility for experiments on heavy highly charged ions and on antiprotons

International Accelerator Facility forBeams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt

FLAIR Collaboration Meeting, Stockholm, Feb 2-3, 2009, W. Quint

HITRAP - a facility for experiments

on heavy highly charged ionsand on antiprotons

Wolfgang QuintGSI Darmstadt and Univ. Heidelberg



experiments with particles at rest or

at low energies

strippertarget

ESR

electron coolingand deceleration down to 4 MeV/u

U73+

U91+

4

00

MeV

/u

UNILAC

coolerPenning

trap

U91+

post-decelerator SIS

HITRAP at the ESR Storage Ring

EXPERIMENTS WITH HIGHLY CHARGED IONS AND ANTIPROTONS AT EXTREMELY LOW ENERGIES:

g-factor measurements of the bound electron

mass measurements of extreme accuracy

laser spectroscopy

reaction microscope, collisions at very low velocities

surface studies and hollow-atom spectroscopy

x-ray spectroscopy

EXPERIMENTS WITH HIGHLY CHARGED IONS AND ANTIPROTONS AT EXTREMELY LOW ENERGIES:

g-factor measurements of the bound electron

mass measurements of extreme accuracy

laser spectroscopy

reaction microscope, collisions at very low velocities

surface studies and hollow-atom spectroscopy

x-ray spectroscopy



Other experimental setups H1-H6Other experimental setups H1-H6

g-factortrap

g-factortrap

Linac operation frequency 108.408 MHz

IH-deceleration 4 MeV/u 0.5 MeV/u (10.5 MV)

RFQ-deceleration 0.5 MeV/u 6 keV/u (1.5 MV)

Max. A/q 3 (corresponds to 238U80+)

operation with antiprotons YES, planned at FLAIR

Cooler trapDouble-drift-buncher RFQIH-structure

HITRAP facility at ESR

SPARC-EBIT

HCI from ESR 4 MeV/u 0.5 MeV/u 6 keV/u



to experiments

DDB sectionIH section RFQ section

matching section and cooler trap

HITRAP: Technical design

7m



Experiments

IH-structure+MEBT RFQDouble-drift-buncher

LEBT+Cooler-trap

vertical beam line

Commissioning of IH-structure with bare gold ions Au79+ from ESR in August and October 2008

double-drift buncher

IH-structure

successful

tests of• beamline• detectors• bunchers• emittance

meter

with beams

from the ESR

in August

2007



HITRAP facility at ESR



DD-Buncher IH-Structure RFQ&LEBT TRAP

Experiments

commisioning ongoing installation ongoingcommisioned

Commissioning of IH structure:Deceleration from 4 MeV/u to 0.5 MeV/u

00.5

4

MeV/u

Magnetic deflection set to 4 MeV/u Magnetic deflection set to 0.5 MeV/u

• Energy signal on single crystal diamond detector:



Experiments


LEBT+Cooler-trap

vertical beam line

Commissioning of RFQ decelerator andof cooler trap foreseen in April and autumn of 2009

RFQ decelerator HITRAP cooler trap



ee--ee--

UU92+92+

HITRAP Cooler Penning trap● electron cooling ● resistive cooling to T = 4 K

highly charged ionsfromHITRAP decelerator

3

cooled HCIto HITRAPexperiments

extraction from cooler trap:fast (s) or slow (ms...sec)



Principle:• Excitation of spin-flip in precision trap (homogeneous magnetic field)

Principle:• Excitation of spin-flip in precision trap (homogeneous magnetic field)

precisiontrap

analysistrap E

lectric potential shape

Mag

netic

fiel

d lin

esContinuous Stern-Gerlach-Effect anddouble-trap technique for g-factor measurements

• Detection of spin-flip in analysis trap (inhomogeneous magnetic field)

• Detection of spin-flip in analysis trap (inhomogeneous magnetic field)



Ion bunch other experiments

HITRAP platform

UHV-chamber

cryo-electronics

magnet nitrogen outlet

transition to 300K

room temperaturevalve

superconducting coil

Penning trap @ 4K

electronics @ 4 K

cryo-valve @ 4 K

transition to 77K

heat guide @ 4K

magnet helium outlet

4K stage

77 K stage

coldhead

to compressor

300 K room temperaturemagnet bore

Experimental setup for bound electron g-factor measurements on heavy HCI



• HFS wavelengths move into visible for Z>70

• very small Doppler width at T = 4 K

• relative wavelength accuracy ≤ 10-7

Laser spectroscopy of hyperfine splittingin highly charged ions



HITRAP at FLAIR - Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research

FLAIR

NESR



stripper target

NESRLSR

electron coolingand deceleration

down to few MeV/u

SIS 100

coolerPenning

trap

experiments with particles at rest or

at low energies

post-decelerator

EXPERIMENTS WITH HIGHLY CHARGED IONS AT EXTREMELY LOW ENERGIES:

stable and radioactive isotopes

mass measurements with radionuclides

new possibilities

- calibration of hyperfine fields in simple systems

- polarization of radionuclides

- decay spectroscopy of highly charged radionuclides

EXPERIMENTS WITH HIGHLY CHARGED IONS AT EXTREMELY LOW ENERGIES:

stable and radioactive isotopes

mass measurements with radionuclides

new possibilities

- calibration of hyperfine fields in simple systems

- polarization of radionuclides

- decay spectroscopy of highly charged radionuclides

CR

SPARC – Stored Particles Atomic Physics Research Collaboration:HITRAP for Stable and Radioactive Highly Charged Ions

SFRS



FLAIR -Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research

Factor 100 more pbar trapped or stopped in gas targets than now

FLAIR

HITRAP will receive4 MeV antiprotonsfrom LSR



FLAIRBuilding

HITRAP will deliver5 keV antiprotonsto low-energy experiments



pbar experimental areas: E = 400 MeV to 5 keV

HITRAP: deceleration from 4 MeV to rest, av. intensity: 1x106/s

LSR: deceleration from 30 to 0.3 MeV

SIS 100: acceleration of 2.8 1013 protons, E = 29 GeV

Antiproton target: production of 1.0 108 pbars/ 5 s, E = 3 GeV

Collector ring CR: fast stochastic cooling in 5 s, N = 108/cycle

RESR: accumulation of pbars, N = 108 – 1011

FLAIR: Antiproton IntensitiesFLAIR: Antiproton Intensities

USR: deceleration from 300 to20 keV, av. intensities:• Reff = 1x1012/s at 300 keV• Rextr = 1x106 /s at 300 keV• Reff = 1x1010/s at 20 keV• Rextr = 5x105 /s at 20 keV

NESR: electron cooling, deceleration from 3 GeV to 30 MeV

FLAIR



HITRAP as decelerator and cooler facility for antiprotons at FLAIR:Plan B / Operation without LSR


LEBT+Cooler-trap

HCI from NESR 15 MeV/u 4 MeV/u 0.5 MeV/u 6 keV/u(drawing not to scale)

IF the NESR can decelerate anti-protons to 15 MeV

IF we build one more IH-structure with Vgap = 11 MV

and

then

HITRAP will not need the LSR storage ringto decelerate anti-protons to rest



Factor 100 more pbar trapped or stopped in gas targets than now

FLAIR

15 MeV

HITRAP at FLAIR:Plan B / Operation without LSR

15 - 0 MeV



HITRAP at FLAIR:Physics Topics with Antiprotons

• Spectroscopy for tests of CPT and QED– Antiprotonic atoms (pbar-He, pbar-p), antihydrogen

• Gravitation of antimatter– Trapped and laser-cooled antihydrogen

• Atomic collisions– Ionization, energy loss, antimatter-matter collisions

• Antiprotons as hadronic probes– X-rays of light antiprotonic atoms: low-energy QCD

– X-rays of neutron-rich nuclei: nuclear structure (halo)



Summary and Outlook

• FLAIR and SPARC: low-energy antiprotons and radioactive ions will be available at NESR with high intensity.

• FLAIR and SPARC: low-energy antiprotons and radioactive ions will be available at NESR with high intensity.

HITRAP will be a unique facility for highly-charged ions

up to U92+ at very low energies.

Commissioning of HITRAP Facility at the ESR at GSI is under way.

HITRAP will be a unique facility for highly-charged ions

up to U92+ at very low energies.

Commissioning of HITRAP Facility at the ESR at GSI is under way.

The future plans of SPARC and FLAIR givea long-term perspective for HITRAP.

The future plans of SPARC and FLAIR givea long-term perspective for HITRAP.



GSI:K. BrantjesF. HerfurthO. KesterH.-J. KlugeS. KoszudowskiC. KozhuharovW. NörtershäuserB. O'RourkeW. QuintTh. StöhlkerM. VogelG. VorobjevD. Winters

Mainz:S. KreimC. RodegheriB. SchabingerS. StahlS. SturmS. UlmerA. WagnerJ. WalzG. Werth

HITRAP Collaborators

St. Petersburg:A. ArtemyevD.A. GlazovS. KarshenboimD. MoskovkinV.M. ShabaevV.A. Yerokhin

supported by EU, DFG, BMBF

TU Darmstadt:G. BirklTh. Walther

IAP Frankfurt:A. SchemppU. Ratzinger

Stockholm:R. Schuch et al.

Heidelberg:K. BlaumJ. Ullrich

London:R. ThompsonD. SegalKVI Groningen:

R. Hoekstra



Laslett Tune Shift = -0.05

1,E+05

1,E+07

1,E+09

1,E+11

1,E+13

1,E-01 1,E+00 1,E+01 1,E+02 1,E+03 1,E+04

Kinetic Energy [MeV]

Sp

ace

Ch

arg

e L

imit

10 pi1 pi0,1 pi4 pi norm.

168 pi

Space Charge Limits in Rings

(by B. Franzke)

extraction of 108 pbars from LSR to HITRAP at 4 MeV

HITRAP - a facility for experiments on heavy highly charged ions and on antiprotons

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