History: Pioneers of Animation
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History: Pioneers of Animation Dr. Midori Kitagawa University of Texas at Dallas Arts and Technology Program
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History: Pioneers of Animation. Dr. Midori Kitagawa University of Texas at Dallas Arts and Technology Program. History: Pioneers of animation. J. Stuart Blackton (1875-1941) Winsor McCay (1867-1934) John Bray (1874-1978) Max Fleischer (1883-1972) Walt Disney (1901-1966). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of History: Pioneers of Animation
History:Pioneers of Animation
Dr. Midori KitagawaUniversity of Texas at Dallas
Arts and Technology Program
J. Stuart Blackton (1875-1941)Winsor McCay (1867-1934)John Bray (1874-1978)Max Fleischer (1883-1972)Walt Disney (1901-1966)
History: Pioneers of animation
Father of animation
In 1896 as a reporter/artist for the New York Evening World newspaper, Blackton interviewed Thomas Edison
Became a "rapid-drawing cartoonist" for a series of Edison shorts.
J. Stuart Blackton (1875-1941)
Combined stop motion, puppetry, and live action
Enchanted Drawing, 1900
Humorous Phases of Fanny Faces, 1906
J. Stuart Blackton (1875-1941)
Father of character animation
Already well known for his newspaper cartoons “Little Nemo”, 1905-1914
Winsor McCay (1867-1934)
Gave believability and personality to his hand-drawn characters
Gertie the Dinosaur, 1914
Winsor McCay (1867-1934)
Sinking of Lusitania, 1916
Founder of the animation industry
Reporter for the Detroit Evening News, 1901-
In 1914 Bray’s partner Earl Hurd patented the use of clear cels over background
Hurd and Bray formed the Hurd and Bray Patent Company in 1914
John Randolph Bray (1874-1978)
Turned artistic work into an assembly-line production
With additional patents obtained by Bray, the company monopolized the animation process
The patents expired in 1932
Much of what Bray claimed to have invented have been credited to McCay and others.
John Randolph Bray (1874-1978)
Colonel Heeza Liar’s, 1913
Inventor of the rotoscope
A cartoonist and photographer for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle
Art director for the magazine Popular Science
Worked at Bray’s studio
Max Fleischer (1883-1972)
Rotoscope
Traces the movement of live actors, frame by frame
Max Fleischer (1883-1972)
Produced the first animation with a synchronized sound track in 1924
Fleischer studio produced Betty Boop, Popeye, and Superman cartoon series
Affected by the Hays Code in 1934
Max Fleischer (1883-1972)
Tantalizing Fly, 1919
1933
1935
Inventor of the family entertainment
Film producer, director, screen writer, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur
Greatly influenced 20th century American culture
Walt Disney (1901-1966)
Father of Mickey MouseSteamboat Willie
(1928) was not the first Mickey Mouse cartoon produced or released
Not the first sound cartoon either
The first sound cartoon that achieved wide commercial success
Walt Disney (1901-1966)
“Disney’s memory belongs to the public; Max’s to those who remember him by choice.” (Heraldson, 1975)
History: Pioneers of animation
Midori Kitagawa, [email protected]
