History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and...

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History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory Berzelius: name and symbol

Transcript of History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and...

Page 1: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of

matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water

John Dalton: Atomic Theory Berzelius: name and symbol

Page 2: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

J.J. Thomson: electron (Cathode Rays), small, e-, move rapidly.

Rutherford: nucleus (Gold Foil), solid, +, small

Neils Bohr: Solar system model, e-: planets, nucleus: sun,

Page 3: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Moseley: p+, large, +, held in nucleus

C. Chadwick: n0, large, neutral, mass of a neutron is 1.675 x 10-27 kg

Joliet: 1st synthetic element (Tc – 99)

Page 4: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Modern chart IUPAC: Regulates the Periodic chart

changes

Robert Millikan: mass of an electron is 9.109 x 10 –31 kg (oil-drop experiment)

Page 5: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Experiments Cathode Ray

Page 6: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Experiment Gold Foil

Page 7: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

PARTS OF THE ATOM NUCLEUS

PROTON(S) + CHARGE, 1 amu,

NEUTRON(S) 0 CHARGE, 1 amu ENERGY LEVELS

ELECTRON(S) - CHARGE, 0 amu

Page 8: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Parts of the atom Nucleus

Protons &neutrons Energy levels

Electrons

Page 9: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Atomic Symbol Atomic symbol

15 protons + neutrons

N Symbol 7 protons (also #of electrons) Atomic Diagram

Page 10: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

ATOMIC DIAGRAM BASIC DIAGRAM OF LOCATION OF PARTICLES

Nucleus

p

n

Energy levels

e

Page 11: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Atomic Diagram Atomic Diagram

p + 7

n0 8 p + 7 e- 7 2e- 5e-

n0 8

Page 12: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Isotopes Differ in the # of neutrons

Hydrogen1

protium (most common, natural)

p+ 1

e- 1

n0 0

Page 13: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Hydrogen 2

deuterium (naturally occurring)

p+ 1

e- 1

n0 1

Hydrogen-2

Page 14: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Hydrogen - 3 Hydrogen 3

tritium (man-made 1930’s)

p+ 1

e- 1

n0 2

Uses in heavy water

Page 15: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Terms Avogadro: molecular volume theory (mol)

Avogadro’s # 6.022x10²³ Atomic # number of protons Atomic Mass protons + neutrons Molar Mass mass of 1.00 moles of an

element in grams

Page 16: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Mole Math Equivalent statements

1.00mole = one Molar Mass

1.00mole = 6.022x10²³

1.00 mole = 22.4 Liters of a gas at STP

Therefore they equal each other.

Page 17: History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory.

Math set - up How many grams in 2.35 moles of zinc?

molar mass

2.35 mol Zn 65g

÷ 1.00 mol ×

= 152.75 sig fig = 153g of Zn


{ Aristotle and Democritus: The Atomic Theory By: Sam Berman and Emilee Williams.

{ Aristotle and Democritus: The Atomic Theory By: Sam Berman and Emilee Williams.

Atomic Theory. Democritus The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the Greek.

Atomic Theory. Democritus The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the Greek.

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Democritus was a Greek philosopher who actually developed the atomic theory, he was also an excellent geometer. Democritus was a Greek philosopher who.

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HONORS CHEMISTRY September 9, 2013. Atomic History Democritus Democritus Dalton Dalton JJ Thomson JJ Thomson Rutherford Rutherford Chadwick Chadwick Bohr.

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