HIST 2117: Modern GermanySpring 2013

Lecture Two: Industry and Society

Germany Under the “Twin Revolutions”

• French Revolution• Industrial Revolution• Demographic Revolution• Agricultural Revolution

West vs. East-Elbian Germany

• Latifundia Agriculture in the East• Junkers and Serfdom• Small Peasant Agriculture in the West• Peasant Emancipation (Bauernbefreiung)– Wurttemberg 1817– Hesse-Darmstadt, Mecklenburg 1820– Hesse-Kassel, Hannover, Sachsen-Altenburg 1831

• Potatoes

Population Growth and Urbanization

• “Home Towns” and Guild System• Emergence of Cities

Berlin 172,000 to 419,000Munich 40,000 to 107,000Cologne 50,000 to 97,000Stuttgart 18,000 to 47,000Krefeld 8,000 to 47,000

• Urban Problems -- Cholera

Industry and the Industrial Revolution

• Proto-industrialization and the Putting-out System

• The Ruhr Industries• Nurnberg-Furth Railroad 1835• Germany in Comparison to the Rest of Europe

Population Growth

• Causes of Demographic Change: Mortality, Fertility, Nuptiality

• Family Structures and Inheritance• Local Population Pressures• Emigration