Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 5.1: Germany's Defeat (USA's entry)
Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 3.2: Hitlers Germany (Hitlers rise to power) Part 2
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Transcript of Sec 3N Hist (Elec) Chapter 3.2: Hitlers Germany (Hitlers rise to power) Part 2
Chapter 3
3.1 To what extent was Hitler’s rise to power due more to favourable circumstances than his leadership abilities
To what extent was Hitler’s rise to power due more to favourablecircumstances than his leadership abilities?
Reasons for the rise of Hitler
1) Favourable circumstances
– Weakness of the Weimar Republic
– Hyperinflation
– Impact of Great Depression
2) Hitler’s abilities
Hitler’s abilities
• Nazi Ideology
• Charisma and oratorical skills
• Exploitation of fears of communism
• Skilfulness at making deals
• Reorganisation of Nazi Party
Nazi Ideology
• The Nazi Party promised to make Germany powerful again
• Hitler promised ordinary Germans jobs, benefits and stability
Why is this important??(Hint: What was the Weimar Government like?)
Nazi Ideology
• NSDAP published a 25 point programme
• Key points– The abolition of the Treaty of
Versailles– ‘Union of all Germans in a Great
Germany– Only pure-blooded Germans be
allowed to live in Germany and be citizens
– Nationalisation of large businesses– Establishing strong central
government
Video – Hitler speaking at a Nazi Party Rally
Nazi Ideology
• Hitler eventually gained support from his promises and ideology he presented
• Believed in the superiority of the Aryan race
• Offered something for everyone• Main beliefs in his book Mein Kampf• Eventually seen as only right-wing
party able to compete against the communists
PAP 2011 General Elections Manifesto
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v7kQDo8lt7I
Charisma and oratorical skills
• Powerful speaker and strong communicator
• Appeared sincere to the people
• Practiced his speeches
Oratorical Skills
• Addressed people’s concerns
• Used his oratorical skills to win support for himself and the Nazi party
Hitler’s Oratorical Skills (video)
Exploitation of fears of communism
• Capitalising on the fears that people had of communism
• As the Weimar republic collapsed, people started turning to extreme left/right-wing parties
• Hitler portrayed the Communist Party and their ideals as threats to different segments of society
Fear of Communism
Farmers feared communists—worried the state would take over all lands & assets.
Businessmenfeared communists—worried that state will take over big businesses and increasing strength of trade unions.
Exploitation of fears of communism
• Many rich businesses and industrialists donated money to the Nazi Party
• Financed Nazi campaigning and propaganda
• Communists fought the police in the streets
• Used his personal armed forces to break up fights and communist meetings
Skilfulness at making deals
Skilfulness at making deals
July 1932
•Nazi Party won the most number of votes in the Reichstag
•Hindenburg allowed von Papen to remain as chancellor as he distrusted Hitler
Nov 1932
•Von Papen had no support from the Reichstag. Another election was called
•Nazi vote share dropped, Hitler realised he had to make a deal with the conservatives
•New Chancellor von Schleicher also lacked support and was forced to resign in Dec.
Jan 1933
•Hindenburg reluctantly invited Hitler to be Chancellor as he thought they were able to control him
•When the time was right, Hitler acted decisively to take complete control
Reorganisation of the Nazi Party
1921 - Hitler became party leader
1923 - Beer Hall Putsch - FAIL
1924 - Hitler released from prison
1933 - Hitler became Chancellor of Germany
Reorganisation of Nazi Party
Increasing Party Membership
• Established local parties
• Set up Hitler Youth
Establishing SA and SS
• SA – Nazi Paramilitary organisation
• SS – Hitler’s elite bodyguards
• Portrayed both SA and SS as militaristic
Nazi Propaganda
• Appealed to emotions rather than intellect
• Portrayed Nazis as a strong and powerful unit
Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend)
Germany awake from your nightmare!Give foreign Jews no place in your Reich!
We will fight for your resurgence!Aryan blood shall never perish!
All these hypocrites, we throw them out,Judea leave our German house!
If the native soil is clean and pure,we united and happy will be!
We are the fighters of the NSDAPTrue Germans in heart, firm and tough in our StruggleTo the Swastika, devoted are weHail our Leader, Hail Hitler to thee!
SA (brownshirts) and Waffen SS
Nazi Propaganda
The eternal Jew
Hitler’s abilities
• Nazi Ideology
• Charisma and oratorical skills
• Exploitation of fears of communism
• Skilfulness at making deals
• Reorganisation of Nazi Party
Reasons for the rise of Hitler1) Favourable circumstances
– Weakness of the Weimar Republic
– Hyperinflation– Impact of Great Depression
2) Hitler’s abilities– Nazi Ideology– Charisma and oratorical skills– Exploitation of fears of
communism– Skilfulness at making deals– Reorganisation of Nazi Party
To what extent was Hitler’s rise to power due more to favourablecircumstances than his leadership abilities?