Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science
description
Transcript of Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science
![Page 1: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Changes in Fire Regimes and the Successional Status of Table Mountain Pine in the Southern Appalachians
Henri D. Grissino-Mayer
Michael R. Armbrister
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science
Department of Geography
University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
![Page 2: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Table Mountain pine endemic to Appalachians• Fire-dependent species: cone serotiny, site prep• Considerable human alterations to native communities• Primary among these is 20th century fire exclusion = new fire regime• Effects on this species are a major concern for management agencies
• Information needed on site-specific fire history• Retrospective study provides needed reference conditions
Problem Statement
![Page 3: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Evaluate current age structure of select TMP stands
• Identify and characterize historical fire regimes in these stands
• Combine this information to assess its current successional status
Objectives
![Page 4: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Field Methods
1. Age structure analysis
Cored minimum 75 trees at 5 sites, 2 cores per tree
Aged seedlings and saplings via bud scars, branch nodes
2. Fire-scar analysis
Located suitable fire-scarred logs and snags
Collected small wedges from selected living trees
All sections collected via hand saws
![Page 6: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Laboratory Methods
1. Age structure analysis
Mounted, sanded, dated all tree rings on all cores
Developed histograms that depicted the age structure of all 5 stands
2. Fire-scar analysis
Sanded, dated all tree rings on all sections
Dated all embedded fire scars to year of formation *
Developed graphs depicting fire occurrence over time
![Page 7: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0 - 9
10 -
19
20 -
29
30 -
39
40 -
49
50 -
59
60 -
69
70 -
79
80 -
89
90 -
99
100 -
109
110 -
119
120 -
129
130 -
139
140 -
149
150 -
159
160 -
169
170 -
179
180 -
189
190 -
199
Age Classes
Fre
quen
cy
Stagnation!
![Page 13: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Undated samples were very useful!
0
1
2
3
4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Interval
Fre
quency
![Page 14: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mean Fire Interval 8 yrsMedian Fire Interval 6Weibull Modal Interval (MOI) 5Weibull Median Interval (MEI) 7
Lower Exceedance Interval (LEI) 3Upper Exceedance Interval (UEI) 13Maximum Hazard Interval (MHI) 81
Preliminary statistics on fire history in TMP stands of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
![Page 15: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Major Conclusions
1. Living TMP crossdate very well = great potential.
2. Older dead and downed more difficult.
3. Age structure shows peaks in 60-69 and 70-79 classes.
4. Little to no regeneration is occurring in these stands.
5. Fire history information can be obtained even on undated samples.
6. Fires occurred ca. every 6-7 years in pre-park era.
7. Maximum Hazard Interval indicates conditions in these park stands are strongly conducive to burning.
![Page 16: Henri D. Grissino-Mayer Michael R. Armbrister Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051620/56813ecc550346895da939e1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Acknowledgements
Thank you JFSP!
GSMNP, NPS, Mike Jenkins
TVA, Charles Smart
Committee members: Ken Orvis, Sally Horn
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Science
Department of Geography, University of Tennessee
Field and lab help from:
Daniel Lewis, David Mann, Jake Cseke, Beth Atchley, Damian Kolbay, Bill Dennis, Brian Reed