Herb and Joanne Hein, Speech-Language Pathologists Hein Speech-Language Pathology, Inc.
Hein Fiji Nods, 6 2011
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Transcript of Hein Fiji Nods, 6 2011
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Manganese nodules
Form on the vast deep-water abyssal plains
Ferromanganese crusts Form on 50,000 seamounts
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Form on sediment-covered abyssal plains(4,000-6,500 meters
water depths)
Composed ofmanganese-iron oxides,with significant amountsof nickel & copper
Form by precipitationfrom cold ambientbottom water & from
sediment pore fluids
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Slow rates of sedimentation Availability of material for nuclei Mechanism for turning
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Manganese nodules
Form on the vast deep-water abyssal plains
Ferromanganese crusts Form on 50,000 seamounts
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Circulation that traps larvae and diminishesspread to other seamounts
Abbreviated larval stage that remains nearbottom
Varying ages and stability of volcanoes Varying environmental conditions
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*
These properties areinstrumental in
allowing for surface
adsorption of large
quantities of metals
from seawater!
Very high porosity (60%) Extremely high specific surface
area (mean 325 m2/g)
Incredibly slow ratesof growth (1-5 mm/Ma)
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Crusts in the Global Ocean
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Finding enough Te for CdTe is the largest
barrier to the multi-terawatt use of CdTefor solar-cell electricity. It is widelyregarded as the lowest cost photovoltaictechnology with the greatest potential.This is important to the US and the world
(Ken Zweibel, National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
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