Heavy Metals Detection by ICP-MS · 2019. 4. 2. · Heavy Metals Detection in Cannabis by ICPMS...
Transcript of Heavy Metals Detection by ICP-MS · 2019. 4. 2. · Heavy Metals Detection in Cannabis by ICPMS...
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Heavy Metals Detection in Cannabis by ICP-MS
103/15/2019
Dr. Iouri Kalinitchenko Head of ICPMS R&D, Analytik Jena, GermanyHarj Sandhu Value Scientific, Analytik Jena, AustraliaDr. Siqi Sun Application Specialist, Analytik Jena US Dr. Oliver Büttel Director Business Development Analytik Jena US
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Percentage of cannabis users - including Australia/NZ
203/15/2019
https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj9s_TEtJfhAhVDAXIKHa1KB3EQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/other/cannabis-use-worldwide/ss-BBOm0Xl?parent-title%3Dcannabis-twice-as-strong-as-a-decade-ago%26parent-ns%3Dar%26parent-content-id%3DBBRAJkq%26fullscreen%3Dtrue&psig=AOvVaw3CIikJK3G7K70wFYJ1L3Jr&ust=1553401184481136
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Legal situation
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Legal as authorized by a physician Legal for any use (no prescription required)
Australia - legal• Victoria: Legal for use by children with severe,
treatment-resistant epilepsy, from early 2017 • Queensland: Legal by prescription from specialists
for use by patients with a range of conditions including MS, epilepsy, cancer, and HIV/AIDS, from March 2017:
• NSW: Legal for use by adults with end-of-life illnesses, from July 2016: Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Amendment Regulation 2016.
• ACT: People who fall under category 6 illnesses within certain criteria as of 2017
• Tasmania: Controlled Access Scheme began in 2017 to allow patients to access unregistered medicinal cannabis.
• WA: Legal by prescription from doctors under certain conditions, from November 2016
• NT: The Australian Government Department of Health regulates therapeutic medicines containing cannabinoids through the Therapeutic Goods
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Cannabis market: Global Legal Annual Grow Rate - GAGR 36%
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Market dynamics driven by prescriptions, medical and health issues
U.S. Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2013 – 2024
Combined: legal / illegal
Medical: legal
Distribution by application
https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiYvOnj7ZfhAhXZZCsKHYTqBYQQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https://mjbizdaily.com/australian-medical-marijuana-revenues-could-hit-au36-million-in-2019/&psig=AOvVaw1LMLUstjoiy1hlpl2J4oDF&ust=1553416557875491https://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwims-KK9pfhAhWJe30KHfZ9AjoQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https://www.gminsights.com/industry-analysis/medical-marijuana-market&psig=AOvVaw3WDRCRSC8zdbHF-wIP782F&ust=1553418754520486
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Elements of major Interest are poisonous :
Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead Source:
Water and Soil during growth Natural -> Erosion of Minerals, volcanic activity
Man-Mad -> fertilizers and herbicides/pesticides
Impurities of raw materials during processing
Medical cannabis is for health – means monitoring for Heavy Metals in raw Cannabis or Cannabis Products by
6Wolfram Weisheit03/14/2019
Action levels for “big 4”
Element ppm
Inorganic Arsenic 3
Cadmium 0,5
Lead 5
Methyl Mercury 0,5
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With increased state regulations, cannabis suppliers are required to conduct trace metals testing to ensure safe and high-quality products.
A simple and accurate analysis method for screening the “Big Four” heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd and Hg) is highly demanded.
“Big four” elements - approach is similar and different to Q3DUSP drugs regulation where ICPMS instrument is used
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Regulation by California Bureau of Marijuana Control
Heavy Metal
Action Level for Medical Edible Cannabis Products, Suppositories,
Sublingual Products, and Other Manufactured Products (μg/g)
Action Level for All Inhaled
Medical Cannabis Goods
(μg/g)
Action Level for Topical and
Transdermal Medical Cannabis
Goods (μg/g)
Cadmium 0.5 0.2 5Lead 0.5 0.5 10
Arsenic 1.5 0.2 3Mercury 3 0.1 1
USP232, Daily permitted exposure to elemental impurities
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Sample Preparation Challenges Suitable for all types of cannabis product (plant
material, edibles and concentrates)
Prevent the loss of analyte
Avoid contamination
Solution
Closed vessel microwave digestion enables easy and efficient sample preparation
Challenges and Solutions
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Challenges and Solutions - ICPMS
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Analysis Challenges
Low detection limits
Easy remove matrix and plasma induced spectroscopic interferences
Short analysis time
Solutions
ICP-MS offers low detection limits, multi-element capabilities, and low sample consumption
Integrated Collision Reaction Cell design effectively eliminates spectroscopic interferences PQMS ICP-MS
Designed in Melbourneby ex-VARIAN R&D team Produced in Germany
Auto-sampler Designed/produced in Brisbane
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TOPwave with PM60 vessels were used for all cannabis digestion.
Procedure
1. Weigh 0.5 g plant material (or 0.2 g oil) into a PM60 vessel
2. Add 5 mL HNO3, 1 mL HCl and 1 mL H2O23. Wait 5 minutes before close the vessel
4. Run the TOPwave with the following temperature program
5. Add deionized water and gold stabilizer to the sample to final volume of 50 mL
Sample preparation
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Temperature programCannabis flower and oil
Step Temperature (°C) Pressure (bar) Ramp Time (min) Hold Time (min) Power (%)
1 150 40 5 5 752 200 40 5 15 903 50 0 1 20 0
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TOPwave with PM60 vessels were used for all cannabis digestion.
Procedure
1. Weigh 0.5 g plant material (or 0.2 g oil) into a PM60 vessel
2. Add 5 mL HNO3, 1 mL HCl and 1 mL H2O23. Wait 5 minutes before close the vessel
4. Run the TOPwave with the following temperature program
5. Add deionized water and gold stabilizer to the sample to final volume of 50 mL
Sample preparation
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Temperature programCannabis flower before (left) and after (right) digestion
Step Temperature (°C) Pressure (bar) Ramp Time (min) Hold Time (min) Power (%)
1 150 40 5 5 752 200 40 5 15 903 50 0 1 20 0
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Sample Preparation:
SpeedMILL Plus assisted milling and enzymatic digestion with Proteinase K Weigh 100 mg of samples
Add spherical milling beads and mill sample to powder
Add 1mL of Lysis buffer and Proteinase K for enzymatic digestion
Shake for 30 min at 55 °C
TOPwave assisted digestion of Cannabis in HNO3 and HCl Weigh 150 mg – 500 mg of samples
Add 4 mL HNO3 and 1 mL HCl (for stabilizing Hg)
1 step Microwave digestion (20 min ramp up to 240 °C and hold for 15 min)
Collect liquids and fill up to 10 mL
Dilution of liquid samples with 1 % HNO3 and 0,5 % HCl to decrease Matrixeffects
Heavy Metals in Cannabis or Cannabis Products
12Wolfram Weisheit03/14/2019
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ICP-MS Analysis
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All analyses were performed on a Analytik Jena PlasmaQuant Elite ICP-MS.
Operating condition
Parameter Setting
RF Power 1400 WPlasma gas flow 9 L/min
Nebulizer gas flow 1.04 L/minAuxiliary gas flow 1.2 L/min
iCRC gas flow 80 mL/min He, 75 mL/min H2Stablization delay 30 s
Sample Uptake delay 40 sRinse time 40 s
Dewell time 30 msScans/replicate 15 (peak hopping, 1pt/peak)No. of replicate 5
Pump rate 15 rpm with black/black PVC pump tubing
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ICP-MS Analysis
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Analysis results of cannabis flower
Element Gas mode R2 LOD (µg/L) Average of three digestions (µg/g) Spike recovery (%)
Co59 He 0.9998 0.0232 0.6548 85.10Ni60 He 0.9994 0.0457 0.1283 116.40Cu65 He 0.9996 0.3459 10.6981 101.88Zn66 He 1.0000 4.9018 66.2541 91.83As75 H2 0.9999 0.0694 0.0952 124.90
Cd111 none 0.9999 0.0124 0.0117 103.15Hg202 none 1.0000 0.0027
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Excellent detection limits LoD - ppq, ppt
Wide elemental coverage - from Li - U over 70 elements measurable
High throughput, < 40sec per sample! all elements determined (almost
simultaneously)Wide dynamic range
• linear over 11+ orders• Dynamic range ppq – %
Sensitive and precise fully quantitative measurements external calibration standard additions
Powerful semi-quantitative analysis no standards needed
Isotopic analysis isotope ratios isotope dilution
Routine technique many users run systems overnight 1000+ samples a day
General question: Why ICP-MS ?
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Why ICPMS from Analytik Jena?
• designed in Australia (Melbourne), ex-VARIAN team • Produced in Germany (Jena) and Australia
the most advanced ICP-MS
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VARIAN -> AnalytikJena ICPMS expertise
30years!
Year 1988 1993 2003 2005 2008 2010 2013 2014 2015
Ultramass 800 810 820 m90 Elite PlasmaQuant MS
AnalytikJena (Germany/Australia)Bruker (Melbourne)VARIAN (Melbourne)
Varian ICPMS technology Ion Mirror, iCRC with Analytik Jena plasma
2019
Most innovative, patented ICPMS
2015
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Designed to be fast, precise, economical and robust
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Virtual Ground Plasma - ½ argon iCRC Interface,simplicity
Ion Optics – x10 better sensitivity
Analytik Jena design protected by 8 inventions:1. ½ Ar plasma, robust 2. Robust interface 3. x10 times better sensitivity Ion Optics4. Never clean Ion Optics 5. Never clean mass-analyser6. Low noise quadrupole 7. iCRC - integrated Collision Reaction Cell 8. All digital detector, ADD11.
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Plasma generation
½ Ar plasma technology Fassel torch No shield Robust plasma
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Economical - ½ Argon Only 9L/min of argon consumption. Saves annually about 13000 EUR
100% Ethanol Direct sea water - 3.5% TDS
Robust and matrix tolerant: any sample, any matrix
100% IPA24% NaCl
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Interface(robustness test)
Direct sea water - 3.5% TDS
Neat Sea Water – direct, 3 days, non-stop
No clogging, no salt blockage
Photo of the cones after 3.5 % NaCl run for 3 days non-stop
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Ion Optics
Never clean Ion Optics x10 times better sensitivity
• Extremely robust Ion Mirror • x10 better sensitivity
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Absolute robustnessOnly ions reflected into the mass-analyser
Video is available on https://www.analytik-jena.de
Maximum signal x10 sensitivity No contamination No drift No maintenance Stable signal
• Neutrals passing through the field inside of the ring
• The field cannot be contaminated
Stableat any sample, any matrix!
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• Collecting data x10 times faster• Approximately x6 - 7 times more samples per hour. Yes, x 6-7times • Measurement precision RSD
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Analytik Jena - best technical specification ICPMS
Sensitivity and LoD
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Element GuaranteedSpecification 1ppb [kcps]
Typical2.11.16
installation, (Germany), 1 ppb [kcps]
Li7 250 317Be9 50 84
Mg24 600 815Co59 1000 1532Y89 1200 1960
In115 1500 2470
Tl205 950 1950Bi209 1000 2021Th232 1000 2663U238 1000 2108
CeO+/Ce+
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• Extra High Sensitivity ICP-MS of the ELITE model
• Part-per-quadrillion (pg/L) detection limits for REEElement Detection Limits(pg/L)
La 21Ce 13Pr 8Nd 20Sm 39Eu 13Gd 27Tb 6Dy 20Ho 4Er 15Tm 6Yb 24Lu 5
LoD - ppq rangeLoD
Rare Earth Elements
Best technical specification for Sensitivity; LoD - practice
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About the Limits of Detection
Be9 Bi209 Cd112
Tl 203Ag107
Bi209
Cs133
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Element no gas H2Li7 0,5 2,5
Be9 0,4 0,7
B11 6,9 17
Na23 25 13
Mg24 1,1 2,0
Al27 0,9 2,4
Ca44 303 23
Sc45 3,5 n. m.
Ti49 0,6 n. m.
V51 2,3 0,8
Cr52 6,1 0,5
Mn55 0,7 0,8
Fe56 n. m. 1,6
Fe57 571 76
Co59 0,1 0,4
Ni60 22 10
Cu63 0,4 0,7
Zn66 1,6 2,1
Ga69 0,1 0,4
As75 5,4 1,9Se78 15 13
Rb85 0,1 0,9
Sr88 0,04 0,05
Y89 0,01 n. m.
Zr90 0,05 n. m.
Nb93 0,02 n. m.
Mo95 0,1 n. m.
Mo98 0,1 n. m.
Ru101 0,06 n. m.
Rh103 0,008 n. m.
Pd105 0,05 n. m.
Ag107 0,03 0,1
Cd112 0,06 0,1In115 0,01 0,03
Sn120 0,1 n. m.
Sb121 0,04 n. m.
Te125 0,4 1,4
Cs133 0,05 0,09
Ba138 0,07 0,07
La139 0,02 n. m.
Ce140 0,01 n. m.
Pr141 0,006 n. m.
Nd146 0,03 n. m.
Sm147 0,03 n. m.
Eu153 0,01 n. m.
Gd157 0,03 n. m.
Tb159 0,004 n. m.
Dy163 0,02 n. m.
Ho165 0,003 n. m.
Er166 0,009 n. m.
Tm169 0,004 n. m.
Yb172 0,02 n. m.
Lu175 0,003 n. m.
Hf178 0,02 n. m.
Ta181 0,005 n. m.
W182 0,02 n. m.
Re185 0,01 n. m.
Ir193 0,01 n. m.
Pt195 0,04 n. m.
Au197 0,03 n. m.
Hg202 0,4 n. m.Tl205 0,03 0,03
Pb… 0,04 0,03Bi209 0,01 0,01
Th232 0,02 0,05
U238 0,01 n. m.
Pb208LoD - 72 [ng/L] ppq
Limits of Detection LoD, [ng/L], ppt
Moving to ppq limits of detection
Sheet1
Elementno gasH2
Li70,52,5
Be90,40,7
B116,917
Na232513
Mg241,12,0
Al270,92,4
Ca4430323
Sc453,5n. m.
Ti490,6n. m.
V512,30,8
Cr526,10,5
Mn550,70,8
Fe56n. m.1,6
Fe5757176
Co590,10,4
Ni602210
Cu630,40,7
Zn661,62,1
Ga690,10,4
As755,41,9
Se781513
Rb850,10,9
Sr880,040,05
Y890,01n. m.
Zr900,05n. m.
Nb930,02n. m.
Mo950,1n. m.
Mo980,1n. m.
Ru1010,06n. m.
Rh1030,008n. m.
Pd1050,05n. m.
Ag1070,030,1
Cd1120,060,1
In1150,010,03
Sn1200,1n. m.
Sb1210,04n. m.
Te1250,41,4
Cs1330,050,09
Ba1380,070,07
La1390,02n. m.
Ce1400,01n. m.
Pr1410,006n. m.
Nd1460,03n. m.
Sm1470,03n. m.
Eu1530,01n. m.
Gd1570,03n. m.
Tb1590,004n. m.
Dy1630,02n. m.
Ho1650,003n. m.
Er1660,009n. m.
Tm1690,004n. m.
Yb1720,02n. m.
Lu1750,003n. m.
Hf1780,02n. m.
Ta1810,005n. m.
W1820,02n. m.
Re1850,01n. m.
Ir1930,01n. m.
Pt1950,04n. m.
Au1970,03n. m.
Hg2020,4n. m.
Tl2050,030,03
Pb…0,040,03
Bi2090,010,01
Th2320,020,05
U2380,01 n. m.
Hab ich von 0,02 auf 0,01 reduziert. Hatte bei den Highthroughputmessungen 40c/s BG und 1,4Mcps sensitivity
ð Würde in 0,13 resultieren => 0,01 sollte kein Problem sein.
Sheet2
Sheet3
Sheet1
Elementno gasH2
Li70,52,5
Be90,40,7
B116,917
Na232513
Mg241,12,0
Al270,92,4
Ca4430323
Sc453,5n. m.
Ti490,6n. m.
V512,30,8
Cr526,10,5
Mn550,70,8
Fe56n. m.1,6
Fe5757176
Co590,10,4
Ni602210
Cu630,40,7
Zn661,62,1
Ga690,10,4
As755,41,9
Se781513
Rb850,10,9
Sr880,040,05
Y890,01n. m.
Zr900,05n. m.
Nb930,02n. m.
Mo950,1n. m.
Mo980,1n. m.
Ru1010,06n. m.
Rh1030,008n. m.
Pd1050,05n. m.
Ag1070,030,1
Cd1120,060,1
In1150,010,03
Sn1200,1n. m.
Sb1210,04n. m.
Te1250,41,4
Cs1330,050,09
Ba1380,070,07
La1390,02n. m.
Ce1400,01n. m.
Pr1410,006n. m.
Nd1460,03n. m.
Sm1470,03n. m.
Eu1530,01n. m.
Gd1570,03n. m.
Tb1590,004n. m.
Dy1630,02n. m.
Ho1650,003n. m.
Er1660,009n. m.
Tm1690,004n. m.
Yb1720,02n. m.
Lu1750,003n. m.
Hf1780,02n. m.
Ta1810,005n. m.
W1820,02n. m.
Re1850,01n. m.
Ir1930,01n. m.
Pt1950,04n. m.
Au1970,03n. m.
Hg2020,4n. m.
Tl2050,030,03
Pb…0,040,03
Bi2090,010,01
Th2320,020,05
U2380,01 n. m.
Hab ich von 0,02 auf 0,01 reduziert. Hatte bei den Highthroughputmessungen 40c/s BG und 1,4Mcps sensitivity
ð Würde in 0,13 resultieren => 0,01 sollte kein Problem sein.
Sheet2
Sheet3
Sheet1
Elementno gasH2
Li70,52,5
Be90,40,7
B116,917
Na232513
Mg241,12,0
Al270,92,4
Ca4430323
Sc453,5n. m.
Ti490,6n. m.
V512,30,8
Cr526,10,5
Mn550,70,8
Fe56n. m.1,6
Fe5757176
Co590,10,4
Ni602210
Cu630,40,7
Zn661,62,1
Ga690,10,4
As755,41,9
Se781513
Rb850,10,9
Sr880,040,05
Y890,01n. m.
Zr900,05n. m.
Nb930,02n. m.
Mo950,1n. m.
Mo980,1n. m.
Ru1010,06n. m.
Rh1030,008n. m.
Pd1050,05n. m.
Ag1070,030,1
Cd1120,060,1
In1150,010,03
Sn1200,1n. m.
Sb1210,04n. m.
Te1250,41,4
Cs1330,050,09
Ba1380,070,07
La1390,02n. m.
Ce1400,01n. m.
Pr1410,006n. m.
Nd1460,03n. m.
Sm1470,03n. m.
Eu1530,01n. m.
Gd1570,03n. m.
Tb1590,004n. m.
Dy1630,02n. m.
Ho1650,003n. m.
Er1660,009n. m.
Tm1690,004n. m.
Yb1720,02n. m.
Lu1750,003n. m.
Hf1780,02n. m.
Ta1810,005n. m.
W1820,02n. m.
Re1850,01n. m.
Ir1930,01n. m.
Pt1950,04n. m.
Au1970,03n. m.
Hg2020,4n. m.
Tl2050,030,03
Pb…0,040,03
Bi2090,010,01
Th2320,020,05
U2380,01 n. m.
Hab ich von 0,02 auf 0,01 reduziert. Hatte bei den Highthroughputmessungen 40c/s BG und 1,4Mcps sensitivity
ð Würde in 0,13 resultieren => 0,01 sollte kein Problem sein.
Sheet2
Sheet3
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Highest sensitivity means the highest speed of analysis – 82 samples per hour
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Sensitivity vs Speed of analysis
50 elements case
Example of 50 elements to measure:
• Peak hopping method (single point per peak)• 20ms – dwell time per element • x50 scans Total time - 1s per replicate
Replicates - x10 Integration time per element: 1s x10replicates = 10 sec
Total measurement time for 50 elements50 x 10s = 500s
Sample washout and stabilization time 20sTotal time per sample: 520s
RESULT 7 samples per hour
Example of 50 elements to measure:
• Peak hopping method (single point per peak)• 2ms – dwell time per element • x50 scans Total time - 0.1s per replicate
Replicates - x10 Integration time per element: 1s x10replicates = 1 sec
Total measurement time for 50 elements50 x 1s = 50s
Sample washout and stabilization time 20sTotal time per sample: 70s
RESULT 51 samples per hour
x7 times more samples !
Standard non sensitive ICP-MS x10 times more sensitive ICP-MS
precision RSD - 2%
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82 samples per hourExample is drinking water, USEPA 200.8, 21 elements, 2.2% RSD
82 drinking water samples per hour with 21 elements (RSD
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Sensitivity benefit: 82 samples per hour,
Calculations:• PQMS argon consumption < 9l/min • One 50L bottle - 2 days, 20h• 2 days productivity 1600 samples • One Bottle cost - 100EUR. • Cost of argon - 6.2c per sample
• RSD 2.2% - 82 samples/hour• RSD 1.5% - 60 samples/hour
Argon consumption Cost per sample
6.2c
Drinking water USEPA 200.8, 21 elements, 2.2% RSD
USEPA 200.8 requires
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Quadrupole mass-analyzer
Patent 1: Contamination protection and low noise
Patent 2: Zero maintenance mass-analyser pre-filter
• Maintenance free
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Advanced ADD 11
All Digital Detector
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The detector converts ions into electrical pulses. Adjustment of voltage applied to control dynode provides attenuation of final output signal.
Control Section
Signal Output
Quadrupole Gain Control
Ion to e-Conversion
Amplification
e-e-e-
+ e-
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Innovative All Digital Detector ADD 11
• Discrete Dynode Electron Multiplier: - Operates in pulse counting mode at all times
• Extended Dynamic Range: - Provides 11 decades of linear dynamic range 0.1 – 10 10 c/s
• No Pulse to Analog Cross Calibration Required: - 2 stage digital attenuation
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Analytik Jena ADD11 – Australian design/production• The ADD11 detector has been designed by ETP (Sydney) in
collaboration with Varian (now Analytik Jena) R&D (Melbourne)• Produced in Australia by ETP in Sydney
References:
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Compact instrument to work in laboratory
MS
ICP• ‘Open Book’ concept - fastest access to the
interface maintenance • Square footprint - smallest on market
Why is the vertical orientation?
MS
ICP
All Digital Detection 11 orders linear range
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German quality - pumps
Leybold SV40 or Dry pump
HiPace300
G forceprotection
Magnetic bearing
Stator Rotor60000rpm
Axis
Lowerbearing
Turbine blades pitch optimised for best compression ratio
Electronicsmodule
Foreline outlet Optimised Drag stage for 15Torr continues pressure
Magnetic bearing system - robust1. Robust magnetic bearing system - 10G force2. Smooth running – no start up/shutting
resonances3. Extremely - quiet 4. Mean time to failure > 200,000 hours, 22+ years
CONCLUSION: HiPace300 is a high quality pump made in Germany, it is best fit for ICPMS
Two Magnetic bearings turbo pumps from Germany
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Innovation summary
Highest x10 times sensitivity among ICPMS - 1.5 109 c/s per ppm: Faster to measure sample by x2 times ½ argon consumption
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PQMS Elite at Clinical laboratory, Royal North Shore Hospital (RNSH)Australia, Sydney, March 2019
Analytik Jena ICPMS – in Australia
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Analytik Jena – product portfolio
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Analytik Jena (Germany) is a division of Endress + Hauser corporation (Switzerland)
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Analytik Jena clients
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Who is E+H?
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Thanks for attention. Questions please.Dr. Iouri Kalinitchenko, Head of ICPMS R&D, Analytik Jena, Germany/Australia
Heavy Metals Detection in Cannabis by ICP-MS ��Percentage of cannabis users - including Australia/NZ�Legal situationCannabis market: Global Legal Annual Grow Rate - GAGR 36%�Market dynamics driven by prescriptions, medical and health issues Medical cannabis is for health – means monitoring for Heavy Metals in raw Cannabis or Cannabis Products by �“Big four” elements - approach is similar and different to Q3D�USP drugs regulation where ICPMS instrument is used Challenges and SolutionsChallenges and Solutions - ICPMSSample preparationSample preparationHeavy Metals in Cannabis or Cannabis ProductsICP-MS AnalysisICP-MS AnalysisGeneral question: Why ICP-MS ?Slide Number 16VARIAN -> AnalytikJena ICPMS expertise ��30years!Slide Number 18Slide Number 19Economical - ½ Argon Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Absolute robustness �Only ions reflected into the mass-analyserSlide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27About the Limits of DetectionSlide Number 29Slide Number 30Sensitivity vs Speed of analysis�50 elements case Slide Number 32Slide Number 33Slide Number 34Slide Number 35Slide Number 36Analytik Jena ADD11 – Australian design/productionSlide Number 38Slide Number 39Slide Number 40Slide Number 41Analytik Jena – product portfolioAnalytik Jena (Germany) is a division of �Endress + Hauser corporation (Switzerland)Slide Number 44Thanks for attention. Questions please.�Dr. Iouri Kalinitchenko, Head of ICPMS R&D, Analytik Jena, Germany/Australia�[email protected]