Health Promotion and Emergency Care-handouts 2

7/23/2019 Health Promotion and Emergency Care-handouts 2

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By: Dr Ali Davod Parsa (MD, PG Dip, PhD)

Senior Lecturer- Allied Health& Medicine

Health Promotion

and

Emergency Care

Updated: Oct 2012

Main part

Learning outcomes: Recall definition: Public Health, health promotion &

Education & Main Concept

Describe the Selected Methods of health promotion

Student will be able to identify the different areas of health

that can be promoted within the A&E departments

Student will be able to identify health promotion ideas that

can prevent health emergencies

Outline:

1. Review of Basic Background in Health Promotion

2. Different Practical Ways are Used for Health

Promotion

3. Defining the Different Approach to Health

Promotion in the Context of the Emergency Care

4. Practice on Different Scenarios in Promoting

Health within an A&E setting


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Health:

Health is defined in the WHO(1948) as:

A state of complete physical, social and

mental well-being, and not merely the

absence of disease or infirmity.

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Health Includes: Physical Health

Mental Health

Emotional Health

Social Health

Spiritual Health

Societal Health (Ewles & Simnett, 2003, p. 6)

Adopted from: (KP 2010)


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What Does Public Healthinclude?

1. Health Education

2. Health Promotion

3. Health Development

4. Health Improvement

5. Disease control (CDSC)

(Piper 2009 Ch.1, p18-28)

Promoting Health

Public Health Is:

Acheson (1998), (Department of Health, 1998)

Preventing Disease Prolonging Life

Disease Prevention:

Protecting as many people as possible from

the harmful consequences of a threat to

health.


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What is health promotion?

Health promotion is the process of enabling

people to increase control over their health

and improve it. (WHO 1986)

Ways of Promoting Health

Developing healthy lifestyles

Encouraging Access to Services

Health Decisions Involvement

Making Healthy Choice, the Easier choice

Educating about the Body and

Keeping it Healthy

Naidoo and Wills (2009)


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RECEIVER

Reach Senses

Gain Attention

Message Understood

Message Accepted

Behaviour Change

Improvement in Health

SENDER

Health Promotion(2);

Choice of Methods

Choice of MethodsFace-to-face methodsin various settingsone-to-one, group, large group, meetings,

patient education, schools

Mass mediaradio, TV, newspapers, billboards, posters,magazines

Support activities

development of educational materials,

leaflets, wall charts, videos,training of field staff

Any one or acombination of

these methods


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Role of the family health promotion

-An Important Role

-The Capacity of Families

Commercial influences

News/documentary coverage

of issues

Media coverage of role

models

Health promotion

advertising

campaigns

sponsorship

Social marketing

Media:National

LocalCommunity

Individualsdirect effects

Social networkdiscussions withinfamily, friends and

communities

Public agendadiscussion, debateand concerns incommunities

Policy agendaconcerns of policy

makers

Level of operation Mechanism of operation Effect

Health Promotion Campaign

A short intensive programme of mass media

often supported by other activities such as

public events and endorsements by

celebrities


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John Hubley & June Copeman 2008

Print Media

Leaflets

Wall charts

Teaching packs

Other potential uses

Social Networks influencehealth

Electronic Media and the

Internet Mobile phones text

messages(e.g.remind patients, inform young people on

A&E- Health Promotion

How an A&E Department can promote

Health?

How Does Health Promotion Support A&E

Department Services?


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Out line

What is an Emergency?

Different Areas of Medical Emergencies

Management of Emergencies

Approach to the Emergencies

How health promotion can contribute to the

management of an Emergency?

A Case study


How an A&E Department can

Promote Health?

Health Promoting Emergency Department

Programme

(HPEDP)


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How an A&E department

can promote health?

Accident and Emergency units are often

regarded as the 'shop window' of a health

service.

There are opportunities for health education

amongst a 'captive audience

Accid Emerg Nurs. 1999 Jul;7(3):164-7.

Framework for A&E Department

Health Promotion

Integration of health promotion strategies into the

Management of Disease is Recommended

Bensberg and Kennedy

How an A&E

Department can promote health?

The lengthy A&E wait times is as an

opportunity to assess the health status of

the population are served.

Health promotion and disease prevention in the ED-Can J Emerg Med2006;8(2):100-5


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An A&E Department can promote health by:

1-identification of Health Issues

2- Interventions offer and

3. Changing The Staff Attitude

A&E Departments andHealth Promotion

Are A&E Departments are a suitable

setting for Health Promotion?

Yes, But!!!

A&E Depts. and

Health Promotion

Needs Changing the Staff Attitude

Because:

Staff are Educated to think exclusively of

Own Medical Care


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Changing the Staff Attitude

Need organisational shift,

Required to make them more inclusive of

health promotion

WHY ?


A Point of Entry to Health System

A Reliable Source of Health Information

Can Deal with Health Inequality

Share Similar Goal

Infrastructure Already Existed

A&E Departments and

Health Promotion

share similar goal:

Individual& Community Health Improvement


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Existing Infrastructure:

Planning Processes,

Professional Alliances and

Community Network

The Scope of Emergency Medicine

Health Promotion and

Disease Prevention

The Scope of Emergency Medicine

to identify health risks and

To offer immediate interventions to thepatients

Who?


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How an A&E Can Promote Health?

1-identification:Adult A&E patients who are:

smokers,

problem drinkers and/or

substance abusers, and

need for immunization and Pap smears

Are provided with appropriate counseling

How an A&E can promote health?

1. Eligible for immunization-receives

immunization on the same A&E visit

2. Overdue for a pap smear -offered a pap

smear in the A&E or referred to anappropriate outpatient clinic

3. Reported substance abuse( alcohol, streetdrugs and both)-referral for counselling

4. Smoking, referral to a smoking cessationprogram

5. Injury prevention counselling

How an emergency care department

can promote health?

The A&E Department could screen for

additional health risks including

hypertension, geriatric falls, smoke

detector counselling and domestic

violence.



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willingness of A&E patients to participate in

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention



1-Patient health information

Written, audio visual materials,

Discharge planning,

Telephone advice

2-Screening& Early intervention programme-Alcohol abuse-Domestic violence- women Cancer

3-Injury prevention

How an A&E department

can promote health?

Accident and Emergency units are often

regarded as the 'shop window' of a health

service.

opportunities for health education particularly in

relation to Accident Prevention.



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A&E Departments;

Injury prevention:

-The influence of one A&E department

amongst primary school children to increase

their awareness of cycle safety

Developing Educational materials &, a series

of visits to schools and organising acompetition

positive responses from the childrenAccid Emerg Nurs. 1999 Jul;7(3):164-7.

How an emergency care department

can promote health?

A&E Clinical Staff

Local Head Teachers

Urged to Encourage STUDENTS

Helmet Use

Injury Prevention 2006;12:271272


How an A&E Department can promote

Health?

How Does Health Promotion Support A&E

Department Services?


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How promoting health can

help an A&E ?

Key aim is to:

Reduce the number of people seeking

unscheduled care with an emphasis on

prevention and health promotion


Important areas of Health Promotion

Mental Health

Tobacco use

Alcohol/ drug use

Sexual Health

Obesity Physical Activity

Any other condition as an emergency??

How promoting health can help

an A&E ?

Please make a list of possible urgentvisits to the A&E department:

1,

2

3,

,


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How promoting health can help an A&E

What about minor burns?

When you think of health promotion

in MI what do you think of?

Primary prevention in MI (which model of

health promotion?)

Primary health promotion

intervention for FALLS PREVENTION

Examples of manage medicines

e.g. Anti-hypertensives, diuretics etc.

Nutrition

Good feet good shoes

Home safety- Lounge, kitchen, bedroom, bathroom

- Telephone

- Lighting and wiring

- Outside

Exercise


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Childhood Accidents:

How Health Promotion May Help

The accident prevention strategies

for school children

For an effective accident prevention, hazards

and/or risk taking behaviour should be

reduced.J Child Health Care. 1998 Autumn;2(3):128-31

Childhood Accidents:How Health Promotion May Help

HP in schools reaches a large audience and

is an important means of reaching this

age group

J Child Health Care. 1998 Autumn;2(3):128-31

Childhood Accidents:

How Health Promotion May Help

Why It is Important?

Mortality

Morbidity


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Promotion of bicycle helmet

Many children suffer from injuries caused

by bicycles, scooters, skateboards, and

roller skates accidents

Head injury is the most common cause of

death and serious disability in bicycle-

related crashes.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17969306

Cycle Related Head Injuries inprimary school children

Almost 300 primary school aged cyclists

are killed or seriously injured in the UK

each year, the majority from severe head

injury.

This figure could be substantially reduced

if more children wore cycle helmets.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586770/

Bicycle-related Head Injuries

Each year in the US, bicycling accidents

cause approximately 1,300 deaths and

60,000 injuries.

Head trauma is the most frequent cause of

death and serious injury among bicyclists.

Prevention of bicycle-related head injuries. Weiss BD


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Bicycle-related Head Injuries

Bicycling accidents cause many seriousinjuries

Riders with helmets had an 85% reduction in

their risk of head injury/ 88% reduction in their

risk of brain injury

N Engl J Med. 1989 May 25;320(21):1361-7

promotion of bicycle helmet forchildren up to 18 yrs

The use of bicycle helmets = the Most

Effective Measure in preventing head

injury

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17969306

Childhood Accidents :Health Promotion

- Health Problem: Childhood Accidents

- Solution: health promotion model

- Target: Reduced hazards and/or risk taking

behaviour



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Childhood accidents:a health promotion model

-Need for accident prevention national strategies

for school children

- To develop effective health promotion and

accident prevention nurses need to work in co-

operation with other agencies


Primary school Aged Cyclists

Head Injury

(death and serious injury )

More Children Wore Cycle Helmets

Substantially Reduced

Injury Prevention 2006;12:271272


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Health promotion &

Pandemics Emergencies

Health promotion & PandemicsEmergencies

Training on Health Promotion and Human Influenza

SARSA

Preparedness for Civil Society

H1N1 influenza virus

Health promotion & Pandemics

Emergencies

Training on Health Promotion

-Training community leaders and local NGO

members how to prepare individuals against

the threat of pandemic and

Disseminate information,

Education, and

Communication material


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Health promotion & PandemicsEmergencies

Training on Health Promotion Epidemiology, prevention and control of

pandemic

Simulation Exercises

Strengthening Community response in Schools,

workplaces

Thank you

Any Question ?

For further guidance contact:Dr Ali ParsaSenior Lecturer(Allied Health& Medicine)Fulbourn: Ext. [email protected]

References: Practical Health Promotion by Hubley, J. & Copeman, J. Polity Press

Evaluation in health promotion Principles and perspectives- WHO Regional

Publications, European Series, No. 92

Framework for Health promoting Emergency Department

A Case-Control Study of the Effectiveness of Bicycle Safety Helmets

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198905253202101

The rationale for promotion of bicycle helmet legislation for children up to 18years , http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17969306

Prevention of bicycle-related head injuries.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3453198

Effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing head injuries. A case-control study. Thompson DC, Rivara FP, Thompson RS,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8971066

Health Promotion and Emergency Care-handouts 2

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