Health at Work Making a difference 15 October 2007.
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Transcript of Health at Work Making a difference 15 October 2007.
Health at Work Health at Work Making a differenceMaking a difference
Health at Work Health at Work Making a differenceMaking a difference
15 October 2007
6600%% ooff aadduullttss iinn EEnnggllaanndd rreeppoorrtt aa cchhrroonniicc hheeaalltthh pprroobblleemm
Out of 59m there is: Diabetes Mellitus affecting 1.3m people with perhaps another million
undiagnosed. COPD affecting 600,000 people Asthma affecting 3.7m adults and 1.5m children Arthritis affecting about 8.5m in UK Epilepsy with 400,000 sufferers England & Wales (1998) Mental Ill Health affecting 1 in 6 of the population, including 1 in 10
children 8.8m people in England have long term illness that severely limits
their day to day ability to cope.
The number of people with chronic conditions The number of people with chronic conditions is rising is rising
(Source; General Household Survey 2002)(Source; General Household Survey 2002)
The number of people with chronic conditions The number of people with chronic conditions is rising is rising
(Source; General Household Survey 2002)(Source; General Household Survey 2002)All people reporting a chronic condition
21
24
2930
31 31
35
33 3332 32
35
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
1972 1975 1981 1985 1991 1995 1996 1998 1998 2000 2001 2002
Year (note: data from 1998 is weighted)
Pe
rce
nt
And rising at all agesAnd rising at all agesAnd rising at all agesAnd rising at all ages
People reporting a chronic condition (by age)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1972 1975 1981 1985 1991 1995 1996 1998 1998 2000 2001 2002
Year (note: data from1998 is w eighted)
% o
f s
am
ple
0-4y
5-15y
16-44y
45-64y
65-74y
75+
Women are slightly more prone to report chronic Women are slightly more prone to report chronic conditions; social class has a bigger impact though…conditions; social class has a bigger impact though…
((source General Household Survey 2002)source General Household Survey 2002)
Women are slightly more prone to report chronic Women are slightly more prone to report chronic conditions; social class has a bigger impact though…conditions; social class has a bigger impact though…
((source General Household Survey 2002)source General Household Survey 2002)
% people with a longstanding problem
41%
34%
30%
40%
32%30%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Manual worker Intermediateworker
Managerial andprofessional
worker
Women
Men
Alan Johnson said a "cultural and societal shift" was neededThe public health threat posed by obesity in the UK is a "potential crisis on the scale of climate change", the health secretary has warned.
Obesity likened to climate changeObesity likened to climate changeObesity likened to climate changeObesity likened to climate change
And it is likely to continue rising And it is likely to continue rising becausebecause
And it is likely to continue rising And it is likely to continue rising becausebecause
Increased Chronic Disease
And it is likely to continue rising And it is likely to continue rising becausebecause
And it is likely to continue rising And it is likely to continue rising becausebecause
Increased Chronic Disease
Health care systems world wide are Health care systems world wide are faced with the challenge of responding faced with the challenge of responding to the needs of people with chronic to the needs of people with chronic medical conditions such as diabetes, medical conditions such as diabetes, heart failure and mental illness.heart failure and mental illness.
WHO 2000
Leading Risk Factors for Leading Risk Factors for Preventable DeathPreventable Death
Leading Risk Factors for Leading Risk Factors for Preventable DeathPreventable Death
• Maternal and child underweight
• Unsafe sex• High blood pressure• Tobacco• Alcohol
• Unsafe water, poor sanitation and hygiene
• High cholesterol• Indoor smoke from solid
fuels• High body mass index
Leading Risk Factors for Leading Risk Factors for Preventable DeathPreventable Death
Leading Risk Factors for Leading Risk Factors for Preventable DeathPreventable Death
• Maternal and child underweight
• Unsafe sex• High blood pressure• Tobacco• Alcohol
• Unsafe water, poor sanitation and hygiene
• High cholesterol• Indoor smoke from solid
fuels• High body mass index
InequalitiesInequalitiesInequalitiesInequalities
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
IV & V
I & II
UK falls further down European health league despite rise in funding
Ian Traynor in BrusselsTuesday October 2, 2007The Guardian
Do you take time off for a cold?
Thousands of people from Guernsey refuse to take time off work when they're ill because they fear for their jobs, according to research.
GPs reconsider advice to patients on sick leaveA new survey of 1500 GPs has found that two-thirds (64%) are unaware of the evidence that work is beneficial for physical and mental health. However, nearly 90% said that if they knew of this evidence it would affect the advice they give to their patients.
05 September 2007 – GPs reconsider advice to patients on sick leaveA new survey of 1500 GPs has found that two-thirds (64%) are unaware of the evidence that work is beneficial for physical and mental health. However, nearly 90% said that if they knew of this evidence it would affect the advice they give to their patients.
Effective Risk CommunicationEffective Risk CommunicationEffective Risk CommunicationEffective Risk Communication
Keeping the audience at the centre is essential, applying a case-by-case approach in selecting strategies that are best suited to:
• Reach people’s hearts and minds
• Secure their involvement in the issue and its solutions
• Support and facilitate the journey to reduce or contain the risk
All public health initiatives have the potential to cause harm as well as good.
Research shows that for teenagers who smoke, this is an act of social conformity, not rebellion.
Risk and Cultural TypesRisk and Cultural TypesRisk and Cultural TypesRisk and Cultural Types
• Individualistic
• Hierarchical
• Egalitarian
• Fatalistic
People are entitled to eat what they want – and if they put on weight it’s nobody else’s business
Fit
Disabled
FeelingWell
FeelingUnwell
Disease or disabilitynot detected & feeling well
Disease or disabilitynot detected but feeling ill
Disease or disabilitypresent but feeling well
Disease present and feeling ill
Dahlgren and Whitehead 1991 from Acheson 1998
HEALTHDISEASE
HOSPITAL
ACUTE
CURE
TREATMENT
PATIENT
INTERVENTION
COMMUNITY
CHRONIC
PREVENTION
MONITORINGCARE
PERSON
BIOMEDICALBIOMEDICAL PSYCHOSOCIALPSYCHOSOCIAL
Health needs assessment is a systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities.
(NICE 2005)
Why measure health?Why measure health?Why measure health?Why measure health?
• To establish priorities
• To assist planning
• To justify resources
• To assist in the development of professionals
Steps of Health Needs AssessmentSteps of Health Needs AssessmentSteps of Health Needs AssessmentSteps of Health Needs AssessmentGettingstarted
IdentifyingHealth
priorities
Assessing a priority for
action
Planning forChange
Moving on/Review