Habituation and Innate Behaviour Patterns Psychology 3306.
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Transcript of Habituation and Innate Behaviour Patterns Psychology 3306.
Habituation and Innate Habituation and Innate Behaviour PatternsBehaviour Patterns
Psychology 3306Psychology 3306
Innate behaviourInnate behaviour
Why talk about this in learning?Why talk about this in learning?Well, learning often involves innate Well, learning often involves innate
behaviourbehaviourMany of the rules are similarMany of the rules are similarGives some perspective, i.e., not all Gives some perspective, i.e., not all
behaviour is learnedbehaviour is learned
ThermoregulationThermoregulation
Set
PointEffectors Controlled
Variable
FeedbackGain:
Vasoconstriction
Shivering
Loss
Dilation
Sweating
panting
Feedback mechanisms can be + or – or both
ReflexesReflexes
Stereotypic in response to a stimulusStereotypic in response to a stimulusSensory -> inter -> motor neuronsSensory -> inter -> motor neuronsSome quite complex behaviour can come Some quite complex behaviour can come
of such simple connections and in of such simple connections and in relatively simple animalsrelatively simple animals
In a Moth’s Ear….In a Moth’s Ear….
Moth Ear basically Moth Ear basically has two neurons A1 has two neurons A1 and A2and A2
They are not They are not frequency sensitive, frequency sensitive, but do not respond to but do not respond to low frequencieslow frequencies
Do Moths Have Ear Wax?Do Moths Have Ear Wax?
A1 is responsive to A1 is responsive to intensityintensity
More firing with closer More firing with closer batbat
A2 only fires with very A2 only fires with very loud soundsloud sounds
A2 fires, bat must be A2 fires, bat must be very closevery close
Moths and Bats, Charts and Moths and Bats, Charts and GraphsGraphs
A1 on the left fires, that A1 on the left fires, that wing beats fasterwing beats faster
Moth’s course corrects to Moth’s course corrects to 180 degrees from bat180 degrees from bat
So very and totally coolSo very and totally cool A2, go crazyA2, go crazy 2 neuron ear can encode 2 neuron ear can encode
where a predator in in 3 where a predator in in 3 dimensional space!!!dimensional space!!!
ExamplesExamples Its not just me that thinks this is way Its not just me that thinks this is way
coolcool
Behavioural SequencesBehavioural Sequences
Fixed action patternsFixed action patternsEveryone does itEveryone does itNot prior learningNot prior learningRigid sequenceRigid sequence
ExamplesExamples
Dust bathing in Burmese Red JunglefowlDust bathing in Burmese Red JunglefowlAncestor of our KFCAncestor of our KFC
Function of the behaviour is to clean out Function of the behaviour is to clean out oil from the feathers and to get rid of oil from the feathers and to get rid of parasites.parasites.
Some birds bathe in water, others in dustSome birds bathe in water, others in dust
DustbathingDustbathing
This is actually pretty This is actually pretty complex beahaviourcomplex beahaviour
Vestergaard, Hogan Vestergaard, Hogan and Krujt (1990) and Krujt (1990) found that junglefowl found that junglefowl don’t need dust!don’t need dust!
Hogan and Van Boxel Hogan and Van Boxel (1993) found that (1993) found that dustbathing was dustbathing was already rhythmic at 14 already rhythmic at 14 days post hatchdays post hatch
Etholodgy is coolEtholodgy is cool
Reaction chains are sequences of FAPsReaction chains are sequences of FAPsYou can tell it is a reaction chain and not You can tell it is a reaction chain and not
an FAP if the animal can stop the an FAP if the animal can stop the behaviourbehaviour
We have reduced all of ethology down to a We have reduced all of ethology down to a few power point slides…….few power point slides…….
HabituationHabituation
Decrease in the strength of a response Decrease in the strength of a response after repeated presentation of a discreet after repeated presentation of a discreet stimulusstimulus
Getting used to it, sort ofGetting used to it, sort ofNOT sensory adaptation or simply fatigueNOT sensory adaptation or simply fatigueStimulus specificStimulus specificOrienting responseOrienting responseStartle responseStartle response
The rulesThe rules
Thompson and Spencer (1966)Thompson and Spencer (1966)Gradual with timeGradual with timeWithhold stimulus and response will Withhold stimulus and response will
reoccurreoccurSavingsSavings IntensityIntensityOverlearningOverlearningStimulus generalizationStimulus generalization
Pokin’ aplysisaPokin’ aplysisa
Kendel et alKendel et al Gill withdrawalGill withdrawal Seonsory -> motor pretty muchSeonsory -> motor pretty much Less transmitter released into synapses!Less transmitter released into synapses! Decrease in Ca currentDecrease in Ca current Similar results in catsSimilar results in cats Because of its generality, habituation is often Because of its generality, habituation is often
thought of as the universal learning paradigmthought of as the universal learning paradigm