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GuyanaAzimuth ResourcesAzimuth Resources

First Bauxite • GMV MineralsFirst Bauxite • GMV MineralsFirst Bauxite • GMV MineralsFirst Bauxite • GMV MineralsFirst Bauxite • GMV Minerals Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields Guyana Frontier • Guyana Goldfields

Sacre-Coeur MineralsSacre-Coeur MineralsSandspring ResourcesSandspring ResourcesSandspring ResourcesSandspring ResourcesSandspring ResourcesSandspring Resources

Stronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesStronghold Metals • Takara ResourcesU3O8 CorpU3O8 Corp

Established 1835

A supplement to Mining Journal

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June 2011Mining Journal special publication – Guyana

GUYANA

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Annual subscription – UK and Europe £360.00 (580.00 euros) Rest of the world US$650.00

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Subscription records are maintained at Aspermont UK, PO Box 1045, Bournehall House, Bournehall Road, Bushey WD23 3ZQAspermont UK, publisher and owner of Mining Journal (‘the publisher’) and each of its directors, officers, employees, advisers and agents and related entities do not make any warranty whatsoever as to the accuracy or reliability of any information, estimates, opinions, conclusions or recommendations contained in this publication and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, the publisher disclaims all liability and responsibility for any direct or indirect loss or damage which may be suffered by any person or entity through relying on anything contained in, or omitted from, this publication whether as a result of negligence on the part of the publisher or not. Reliance should not be placed on the contents of this magazine in making a commercial or other decision and all persons are advised to seek independent professional advice in this regard.Subscriptions and circulation Stuart Balk Stuart Balk Stuart Balk T +44 (0)20 7216 6064 E [email protected]

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CONTENTSIntroduction 2Message from the Prime Minister 2Exploration companies 3Guyana Geology and Mines Commission 3Mineral industry review 5Geology 9Economic deposits 13Geological Services Division 13Application procedures 15The Mines Division 15Geological map 16

Company profiles:Azimuth Resources 4First Bauxite 6GMV Minerals 9Guyana Goldfields 8Sacre-Coeur Minerals 10Sandspring Resources 12Stronghold Metals 14U3O8 Corp 12

Advertisements:Guyana Frontier 5Takara Resources 4Cover designed by Tim Peters

E&D with the environment in mind

Guyana: on the map

I am pleased to have the opportunity to extend greetings in this supplement.

Guyana has a population of less than a million people, with more than 80% living within a narrow strip extending along the eastern half of the coast, where the European colonists had established sugar and other estates.

The legendary golden city of El Dorado was sited in Guyana, in most stories. Guyana, for more than a century now, has been known as a place for gold, diamonds and special low-iron bauxite as well as extensive intact forests.

Exploration and prospecting for other minerals and for petroleum (oil and gas) are still at an early stage: new models about hosting various minerals and of petroleum resources are being advanced and

subjected to further exploration.Guyana welcomes foreign investors

to the mining sector, whether in 100% ownership at large-scale only, or in joint venture and other business partnerships at all scales. Large-scale operations enjoy a wide range of fiscal concessions and incentives. These standardised arrangements are aimed at providing about equal sharing of the net benefits (after costs) to the state and the investors/operators.

Guyana, which experienced extensive flooding along its low-lying coast in 2004/05 has been aware of the growing challenge of global warming and rising sea levels. Guyana, cognisant of the contribution which Guyana’s vast intact forests

are making to the world’s battle against climate change, has committed itself to a Low Carbon Development Strategy, which contemplates sustainable development, including mining, within its forested areas.

The government recognises the historical importance of mining in Guyana and the world and intends that

exploration, prospecting, and mining will continue with the environment being kept in mind and within the context of Guyana’s Low Carbon Development Strategy.

Samuel A HindsPrime Minister of Guyana

THE Co-operative Republic of Guyana, formerly British Guiana, gained independence from the UK in May

1966 and became a republic in February 1970.

At 215,000km2, Guyana is the third-smallest state in South America (after Uruguay and Suriname). Its population is about 770,000.

Though also previously a colony of the Dutch, Guyana is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean (it was part of the British Empire for over 200 years). Indeed, it is the only member of the Commonwealth in mainland South America.

Historically, the region known as Guiana/Guayana comprised the large landmass north of the Amazon River and east of the Orinoco River (known as the ‘land of many waters’). Dutch Guyana comprised three colonies (Essequibo, Demerara and Berbice) but the nation is now administered via ten districts.

The country can be split into five natural geographical regions: a narrow and fertile marshy plain along the Atlantic coast (where most of the population lives); an inland sand belt (containing most of the country’s mineral deposits); the dense rain forests in the south; the desert savannah in the southwest; and the interior savannah (consisting mainly of mountains steadily rising to the Brazilian border).Guyana has one of the highest

levels of biodiversity in the world and over 70% of the natural habitat remains pristine. In February 2004, the government declared more than 4,000km2 in the Konashen Indigenous District as a Community-Owned Conservation Area, to be managed by the Wai Wai.

The Guyanese economy is based largely on agriculture and the extractive industries. The economy is heavily dependent upon the export of six

commodities (sugar, gold, bauxite, shrimp, timber and rice), which represent nearly 60% of the country’s GDP. They are, however, highly susceptible to adverse weather conditions and fluctuations in commodity prices.

Guyana’s entrance into the Caribbean Community, and the region’s Single Market (in January 2006), has broadened the country’s export market, primarily in the raw materials sector.

A message from the Guyanan prime minister

Guyana’s Kaieteur Falls is the world’s largest single-drop waterfall by volume

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Mining Journal special publication – GuyanaJune 2011

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Guyana Geology and Mines Commission

The Guyana Geology and Mines Commission (GGMC) was created in 1979 from the Department of Geological Surveys and Mines, which itself was the successor to the Geological Survey of British Guiana. The GGMC is currently divided into the following technical divisions: Geological Services; Mines; Environment; and Petroleum. The divisions are assisted by the Legal, Administration and Finance Divisions to carry out their respective mandates.

A.The Guyana Geology and Mines Commission’s Role is: ■ To act as a development change agent in the

diversification of the economic base of Guyana through its activities in the mineral sector

■ To create the opportunities for rapid economic development which an expandingmineral sector is ideally suited to provide;

■ To act as a national repository for all information relating to geology and mineral resources which will facilitate an understanding of the resource base of the country;

■ To provide to the general public the basic prospecting information and advisory services, on the available economic mineral prospects;

■ To provide advice to the government on appropriate mineral policy matters so that Guyana’s mineral resources can be rationally developed and utilised;

■ To regulate on behalf of the government all activities in the mineral sector.

B. The Commission’s Functions are: ■ Promotion of mineral development; ■ Provision of technical assistance and advice in

mining, mineral processing, mineral utilization and marketing of mineral resources;

■ Mineral exploration; ■ Research in exploration, mining, and utilization

of minerals and mineral products; ■ Enforcement of the conditions of Mining

Licences, Mining Permits, Mining Concessions, Prospecting Licences (for large scale opera-

tions), Prospecting Permits (for medium and small scale operations) and Quarry Licences;

■ Collection of rentals, fees, charges, levies etc. payable under the Mining Act;

■ Hallmarking.

C. Strategic Objectives 1. Promote and support increased and diversified

mineral exploration and development, including the conduct of geological mapping, geophysical and geochemical surveys, and mineral resource assessment.

2. Promote and support increased petroleum exploration and development, while meeting standards (Petroleum Division).

3. Effective policy development and implementation for mineral and petroleum development (Geological Services, Mines, Petroleum, Environment, Legal Service, Finance, Human Services/ Admin, IT).

4. To promote, monitor and enforce good practice to achieve minimal levels of pollution of soil and water resources, reduce mine accidents, and comply with standards and the law (Mines, Environment, Legal Services).

5. To optimise revenues and costs while meeting GGMC’s obligations (Finance, Geological Services, Mines, Petroleum, Environment, Legal Service, Finance, Human Services/Admin, Land Management, IT).

6. To provide good quality and efficient services and products for our customers and effective liaison with key stakeholders (Finance, Geological Services, Mines, Petroleum, Environment, Legal Service, Finance, Human Services/Admin, Land Management and IT).

7. To ensure GGMC has the necessary capacity in terms of human resources and financial management.

8. To facilitate training and certification for the mining sector.

Exploration effort

recently announced a positive preliminary economic assessment for the project that envisages a phased open-pit mine, a 33,000t/d mill and associated infrastructure with life-of-mine production of 3.83Moz of gold and 308Mlb of copper.

In its ‘mission statement’, Sacre Coeur says it is “engaged in acquiring, exploring and developing properties for the potential mining of gold, metals and diamonds in South America, initially focusing on Guyana”. The company has exploration properties in the country totalling some 978km2. The 440km2

Lower Puruni Regional Block, which includes the 20km-long Million Mountain structural trend, lies in

the prospective Mazaruni Mining District No3.In September 2008, the company reported an NI

43-101-compliant measured interim resource estimate (prepared by Pincock Allen & Holt) for Million Mountain of 12.12Mt grading 1.0g/t Au, and an indicated resource of 2.18Mt, grading 0.9g/t Au. Total contained gold is over 450,000oz measured and some 63,000oz indicated.

U3O8 is focused in South America, with properties in Guyana, Colombia and Argentina. The company draws attention to its “dramatic growth profile”, which could see its NI 43-101 uranium resources grow 10-fold to 60-75Mlb by year-end.

U3O8 first began its exploration activities in Guyana, where its Kurupung project is emerging into a large mineralised system. Scout drilling has delineated nine consistently mineralised structures so far, which suggests, according to the company, that Kurupung “may contain 30-35Mlb of uranium, including an initial NI 43-101 resource of 7Mlb”.

U3O8 is focusing on infill drilling at Kurupung, and an 11,000m drill programme started in March.

MINING companies active in Guyana include Azimuth Resources Ltd, First Bauxite Corp, GMV Minerals Inc, Guyana Frontier Mining Corp, Guyana Goldfields Inc, Sandspring

Resources Ltd, Sacre-Coeur Minerals Ltd, Takara Resources Inc and U3O8 Corp.

Azimuth’s projects comprise over 7,300km2 of granted licences prospective for gold (East and West Omai), and 4,000km2 prospective for uranium (Amakura). The company’s West Omai project sits astride a largely unexplored 30-40km strike length of the same structural stratigraphic corridor which hosts Iamgold’s 3.7Moz Omai mine. The project incorpo-rates the largest single artisanal bedrock gold working in Guyana, the Kaburi prospect, which has never been subject to modern exploration methods.

The East Omai project covers an 80km strike by 60km width portion of the greenstone belt. Like the West Omai project, the area covered by East Omai has never been previously been properly explored.

Vancouver-based First Bauxite is also focused on Guyana, and already controls large holdings in the country’s key coastal bauxite belt. The company was formerly known as Academy Ventures Inc, and changed its name to First Bauxite in December 2008.

First Bauxite’s concessions in Guyana include the Bonasika mining licence, on the right bank of the Essequibo River. The concession contains deposits drilled in the 1940s-60s by Alcan, and which host near-surface deposits of refractory-grade bauxite.

The company has upgraded the historical reserves to NI 43-101 status, and last year completed a feasibility study detailing the viability of an independ-ent mining and processing operation. Under the feasibility study, the mine will operate at a production rate of 298,500t/y of raw, dry, bauxite. Last year it also acquired Bauxite Corporation of Guyana Inc, whose assets included 100% of the contiguous Tarakuli and Tarakuli North-West prospecting licences in northeast Guyana.

GMV is also focused entirely on Guyana, where it holds exploration properties covering 280,000ha. The company, which began diamond drilling in May, is debt-free and has around C$7.0 million in treasury.

Guyana Goldfields has operated in Guyana since 1996. A key focus is the Aurora gold project, which has a current measured and indicated resource of 5.34Moz (42,170t at a grade of 3.94g/t). First gold ouput at Aurora is targeted in the December quarter of 2013, producing an average of 250,000oz/y.

Exploration drilling is continuing on geophysical targets within a land package of over 150,000ha that has largely been unexplored. In particular, drilling continues at the “highly prospective” Aranka property. Indeed, 12 drill rigs are dedicated to exploring on eight gold targets identified at Aurora and Aranka for the rest of this year, with a total budget of C$18 million.

Sandspring Resources is a new public company representing a decade of private operational experience in Guyana. The company is now focused on developing an underlying primary bedrock gold-copper deposit at Toroparu, discovered in 2007.

To date, 1,500m of strike have been drilled on a 10km alluvial gold trend defined by historical artisanal mining in the Upper-Puruni River region. Sandspring

Workers arrive by boat near U3O8 Corp’s Kurupung project

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PROFILE

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AUSTRALIA-LISTED Azimuth Resources (ASX:AZH) has over 8,000km2 of granted tenements prospective for gold (West and East Omai projects) in Guyana, a cash

position of A$10 million and an exploration team whose top three members have 37 years’ experience in the country. The company has aggressive drilling and regional exploration programmes, and expects to announce a substantial maiden resource at its West Omai gold project in the last quarter of 2011.

Azimuth has been exploring in Guyana since early 2010, when the company was created by the merger of ASX-listed Epsilon Energy and private company Takatu Minerals.

Azimuth is headed up by managing director Dominic O’Sullivan, a geologist who has spent the past 13 years in Guyana. He is backed up by a skilled and experienced board, whose members include Richard Monti, Dean Felton and Michael Hunt, who, prior to joining Azimuth, was founding chairman and then director of Red Back Mining up to its acquisition for US$7 billion by Kinross last year.

THE WEST OMAI GOLD PROJECTConsisting of over 250 separate permits, claims and licences and covering an area of 1,000km2, West Omai is centered in one of Guyana’s premier areas of historic small-scale production. The project encompasses a 40km strike length of the same structural stratigraphic corridor which hosts the 3.7Moz Omai gold mine, 20km to the southeast.

At West Omai, Azimuth is currently conducting regional exploration, together with scout and resource drilling programmes. The initial focus of resource drilling has been the Hicks prospect, which contains an historic resource defined by Cambior Inc in the 1990s of 4Mt at 2.2g/t for 290,000oz. Azimuth is confident of bettering that figure by drilling of strike extensions and previously poorly defined parallel zones of mineralisation.

The Smarts prospect, a new discovery located 4km along strike from Hicks, will also be included in the maiden resource. At Smarts, initial shallow (~50m) RC drilling has intersected visually mineralised

material over a strike length of 4km with assays having been returned over a strike length of 1.3km. Results returned to date have been impressive and include: • 11m @ 14.3g/t Au• 23m @ 4.0g/t Au • 9m @ 8.6g/t Au• 29m+ @ 14.3g/t• 14m+ @ 17.5g/t • 14m+ @ 4.9g/t • 25m+ @ 2.5g/t+ indicates the hole ended in mineralisation

After completing resource drilling at Hicks and Smarts, the company will continue exploring a pipeline of targets that it has already defined, including the country’s largest (200m-diameter) and yet undrilled bedrock artisinal working at Kaburi, other bedrock workings, geophysical targets and numerous areas of anomalous soil geochemistry.

EAST OMAIThe East Omai project is a large reconnaissance permit granted for gold and base metals covering an 80km strike by 60km width portion of the greenstone belt, which hosts the multi-million-ounce Gros Rosebel and Omai gold mines.

The area covered by East Omai has never been previously effectively explored due to a 5-30m cover of marine sediment. Based on the known gold endowment of the Guiana Shield greenstone terranes of more than 500oz/km2, the project presents a high probability for yielding significant gold deposits, if not entire mining camps.

Azimuth is about to start a US$1.3 million high-resolution airborne geophysical programme that will cover the East and West Omai project areas. The results of this survey will be used to guide a systematic aircore drilling programme. This is slated to begin in September and will be designed to uncover mineralisation before aggressive RC and diamond drilling follow-up programmes.

Azimuth surveying its world-class domain

Azimuth ResourcesDominic O’Sullivan, Managing Director82 Premnaranjan PlacePrashad Nagar, GuyanaTel: +592 231 0798Mobile: +592 665 1198E-mail: [email protected]: www.azimuthresources.com.au

CONTACTS

Drill rig in action at the Hick prospect, West Omai project

Helicopter pad for emergency evacuations at the Hicks camp

Map showing Azimuth Resoures’ project locations

West Omai project showing location of drilling at the Hicks and Smarts prospect

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Gold: in 2010, domestic mine production rose to 308,438oz, 1% higher than the previous year’s record output. Total exports of gold, mainly to the US and Canada, fell by 3% from 311,844oz in 2009 to 302,654oz in 2010. The average annual price for gold was US$1,145 – an increase of 27% over 2009.

Diamonds: the diamond industry experienced a decrease in declared production compared with 2009. Diamond output declined 65% to 49,920ct in 2010. The situation in the diamond sub-sector was not so much a fall in demand and prices in the world market but more a steady reallocation of resources from diamond production to gold production due to the attractive gold price. The average value for Guyana’s rough diamonds in 2010 was US$156/ct, an increase of almost 5%. For the last quarter of 2010, the average export price was US$188/ct.

The reduced production resulted in a significant decrease (51% ) in overseas trade in diamonds in 2010 – from over 94,800ct in 2009 to about 46,250ct in 2010. Diamond exports were worth US$7 million, down from US$14.1 million in 2009.

Belgium imported 59% of all rough-diamond exports from Guyana during 2010, and exports to other countries totalled only 16,169ct. Total exports to Belgium in 2010 fell by 49% to 30,084ct from 58,991ct in 2009. The other significant destination for diamonds was the United Arab Emirates, which took 21% of exports in 2010, down from 31% in 2009.

Bauxite: bauxite output in 2010 was about 1.1Mt, declining by 348,431t, or 24%. Bauxite Company of Guyana Inc (BCGI) experienced a fall in output of 29%, or 347,759t, due to challenging mining conditions throughout the year. BCGI produced 851,391t of bauxite, which consisted of 162,230t of chemical-grade bauxite and 689,161t of metallurgical-grade bauxite.

Bosai Minerals Group (Guyana) Inc (BMGGI), in contrast, recorded a slight decrease (0.3%) in its output relative to 2009, producing 248,489t in 2010. This was due to increased prices for its products on the world market. BMGGI output consisted of 185,081t of Refractory ‘A’-grade super-calcined bauxite, 62,040t of chemical-grade bauxite and 7,471t of other products.

Mineral industry review Exports of bauxite fell 20% from 1.415Mt in 2009 to 1.134Mt in 2010. The value of bauxite exported in all forms totalled US$93.7 million up from US$79.5 million in 2009 due to favourable prices for BMGGI’s products.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Quarry stone: total recorded output rose from 340,016t, worth G$2.40 billion in 2009, to 505,865t, valued at G$3.60 billion in 2010. Guyana exported 100t of stone in 2010, valued at US$3,500.

Sand: commercial silica sand production in 2010 was 569,151t, increasing by almost 19% from 478,572t in 2009. Exports of sand in 2010 was 71,690t, valued at US$454,400.

Mineral property tenure: some 136 prospecting licences were in force in 2010, a fall of 48% from 2009. In all, 188 prospecting licences are budgeted for 2011 covering 803,550ha. Seven mining licences were

Sources: GGMC; Guyana Gold Board

Sources: GGMC; Guyana Gold Board

Source: GGMC

Source: GGMC

Source: GGMC

Source: GGMC

Source: GGMC

in existence in 2010, 47% of the budget. Some 14 mining licences are budgeted for 2011 at 17,886ha. Three reconnaissance permissions for geological and geophysical surveys were in existence in 2010 – 60% of the budget. Five permissions for geological and geophysical surveys are budgeted for this year.

Mining permits in 2010 totalled 742, exceeding 2009’s figure by 15%. Mining permits, however, fell short of 2010’s budgeted amount by over 16%. Mining permits projected for 2010 are 1,189, covering 288,700ha. Prospecting permits (medium-scale)

“Domestic gold-mine production gold-mine production gold-mine

for 2010 production for 2010

production

was 1% higher than the previous higher than the previous higher than

year’s record year’s record year’s

output”

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PROFILE

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FFIRST Bauxite Corp is set to become a IRST Bauxite Corp is set to become a significant supplier of high-quality refractory-grade calcined bauxite. The Vancouver-based company is focused on Guyana, and already controls a vast land

package in the country’s key coastal bauxite belt.First Bauxite (TSX-V: FBX) is managed by

experienced geoscientists and business-development professionals with worldwide experience in the exploration and mining business across a number of mineral commodities. The company was formerly known as Academy Ventures Inc, and changed its name to First Bauxite in December 2008.

First Bauxite’s chief executive, Hilbert Shields, has almost 30 years’ experience in the mineral explora-tion and mining industry. This includes 14 years with Golden Star Resources Inc as vice-president with responsibility for gold exploration in Guyana and Venezuela, and for diamond exploration worldwide.

Mr Shields managed exploration of the Omai gold deposit in Guyana, from acquisition by Golden Star through to completion of the feasibility study (with the involvement of Cambior), and later became a director of Omai Gold Mines Ltd. In 2000 he resigned from Golden Star and founded his own companies holding bauxite and gold concessions in Guyana.

The company’s president, Ioannis Tsitos, said First Bauxite is “poised” to become North America’s “first producer of refractory sintered (calcined) bauxite”.

BONASIKA FOCUSFirst Bauxite’s concessions in Guyana include the Bonasika mining licence and the Waratilla-Cartwright prospecting licence, on the right bank of the Essequibo River. The concessions contains deposits drilled in the 1940s-60s by Alcan and in 2008-11 by First Bauxite, and which host near-surface deposits of high quality refractory-grade bauxite. More than 750 holes using a sonic rig have been drilled by First Bauxite over the deposits to date.

The company has upgraded the historical reserves to NI 43-101 status, and last year completed a feasibility study detailing the viability of an indepen-dent mining and processing operation.

The typical vertical profile at Bonasika consists of 1-10m of overburden (white sands, aluminous clays and occasional loams) overlying 2-10m of bauxite. The viability of sequential mining of three bauxite deposits at Bonasika, the construction of a washing and sintering plant, and load-out facilities at Sand Hills was confirmed in July 2010.

Under the feasibility study, the mine will operate at a production rate of 298,500t/y of raw, dry, bauxite, with the wash plant producing 162,232t of washed bauxite concentrate, and the two vertical pressurised shaft kilns producing 100,000t/y of sintered bauxite. The company has now drilled two bauxite deposits within the Waratilla prospecting licence. The NI 43-101-compliant geological resource outlined for the UWC deposit, now called the Bonasika 6, was reported in the Bonasika feasibility study and the NI 43-101-compliant geological resource outlined in the LWC deposit, now called Bonasika 7, was reported in February 2011. A total NI 43-101-compliant measured and indicated unwashed bauxite mineral resource estimate of 13.4Mt at a grade of 57.7% Al2O3, 8.9% SiO2, 2.3% TiO2, 1.1% Fe2O3 and 29.2% LOI, has been

reported from Bonasika 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 deposits. Mr Shields reported: “Our focus now is on optimising the Bonasika feasibility study to include the Bonasika 6 and 7 resources in the economic assessment of the project. Results of this study are expected in Q3 2011.”

In April, First Bauxite engaged Rothschild Inc as its exclusive financial adviser to pursue and implement project financing for developing the Bonasika project.

First Bauxite recently terminated the option agreement with Rio Tinto Alcan over the Essequibo project, whereby Rio was earning up to a 75% interest in the company’s exploration ground outside the main Bonasika concessions by spending up to US$58 million in stages.

TARAKULI ACQUISITIONLast year the company also acquired Bauxite Corporation of Guyana Inc (BCGI), whose assets included 100% of the contiguous Tarakuli and Tarakuli North-West prospecting licences (PLs) in northeast Guyana. These deposits host historical inferred bauxite resource of “significant size and quality”, according to Mr Shields.

Tarakuli is 15km inland from the Corentyne River (the Guyana-Suriname border) and 90km east of UC Rusal’s Aroaima-Kwakwani bauxite mines. Additional applications have been submitted to Guyana Geology & Mines Commission for three further prospecting licences. These cover an area of 15,000ha surround-ing, and contiguous to, the two existing PLs.

Tarakuli was discovered by Reynolds Metals Co in the 1960s. Drilling by the company indicated an historical, inferred, bauxite resource of about 63Mt at

58.6% Al2O3, 4.7% SiO2, 2.5% TiO2 and 3.3% Fe2O3. Work is being done to confirm this resource.

Half of the tonnage was classified as metallurgical-grade bauxite and half as chemical-grade bauxite, using specifications of the time (3.0-5.5% silica and 1.5-4.5% Fe-oxide for metallurgical grade, and 4.5–6.0% silica and less than 1.5% FeO3 for chemical grade). The average ore thickness is 6.61m and it is located below an average overburden cover of 46m.

In terms of the relevance and reliability of the historical estimate, the resource was based on 40 contiguous mineralised holes that indicated greater than 1.82m bauxite intersections.

At the end of last year, First Bauxite closed the first tranche of a two-stage C$28 million financing with Resource Capital Fund VLP for gross proceeds of C$8 million. The tranche 1 note is unsecured, bears no interest, and is convertible into common shares of the company for five years (at a conversion price of C$0.83). If the tranche is converted in full, the company will issue 9.64 million shares to RCF, representing just over 15% of the common shares on a fully-diluted basis.

First Bauxite: adding value in Guyana

First Bauxite also holds a Prospecting Licence (Waratilla-Cartwright) and a PGGS Licence (Essequibo-Demerara). In February, First Bauxite and Rio Tinto terminated their joint-venture agreement over the latter.

Other projects

First Bauxite CorporationSuite 206 - 595 Howe StreetVancouver, BC, Canada V6C 2T5Tel: +1 604 806 0916Fax: +1 604 806 0956E-mail: [email protected]: www.firstbauxite.com

CONTACTS

Map showing First Bauxite’s Guyana properties

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reached 4,879, a fall of 33% from 2009, and fell short of 2010’s budget by 37%.

In all, 14,335 claims (verified and unverified) for small-scale mining operations (gold and diamond) were active in 2010. Of these, 4,104 were river location licences, a rise of 12% from 2009. For this year, 11,000 are budgeted, of which 7,000 are land claims and 4,000 are river locations.

Minerals and the economy Value added in mining and quarrying rose in 2010 and this was reflected by higher output in the gold, stone and sand industries.The bauxite and diamond industries experienced decreased output in 2010.

The value of mineral production in 2010 in Guyana was an estimated G$95.9 billion, representing a rise of 24% from the value of G$77.6 billion reported in 2009. The increase in the overall value of mineral production was due to the outstanding performance of gold, high bauxite prices and increases in output for quarry stone and sand (see tables 3 and 4 below).

Gold mining maintained its position as the biggest producer of the mining industry in 2010, accounting for 75% of the total value of mine output. The value of gold produced (G$71.84 billion) increased by

28% over 2009. Bauxite (G$18.32 billion) accounted for 19% of the total mine output, diamond (G$1.59 billion), 1.7%, quarry stone (G$3.60 billion), 3.7% and sand (G$592.4 million), 0.6%.

Gross domestic product The total Guyana gross domestic product (GDP)rebased at constant (2006) basic prices, reached G$307.2 billion in 2010. The mineral industry contributed G$29.1 billion. The mining and quarrying industry’s contribution to the total Guyana GDP was 9%, decreasing from G$32.2 billion in 2009.

Gold ouput accounted for over 77% of the mineral industry’s contribution to the GDP (or 7% of Guyana’s GDP), all of which was contributed by the

Figure 7 Source: Bureau of Statistics

Mineral PropertyBudget 2010

Actual 2010 VarianceVarianceV

%VarianceVarianceV

Budget2011

Claims (small-scale) 11,000 14,335 3,335 30.3 13 11,000

Prospecting licences (l/s) 10 136 126 188

Mining licences (l/s) 15 7 -7 -8 -53.3 13 14

Prospecting Prospecting Prospecting permits (m/s) 7,731 4,879 -2,832 -36.8 58 5,879

Mining permits (m/s) 888 742 146 -16.4 14 1,189

Reconnaissance (l/s) 5 35 3 -2 -40 5

Quarry Quarry Quarry licences (l/s) 6 16 1 -5 -83.3 73 7

Petroleum Petroleum Petroleum licences (l/s) 7 77 7 - -- - 7

Mine product Unit 2008 2009 2010

QuantityValueValueVG$m

ValueValueVG$m

ValueValueVG$m

Quantity Quantity

Gold t 260,387 42,867 305,178 56,090 308,438 71,843.7

Bauxite t 2,109,188 21,746 1,448,311 14,335 1,099,880 18,316

Diamond ct 168,925 5,487 143,982 4,337 49,920 1,585.7

Quarrystone t 449,565 2,340 340,016 2,397 505,865 3,595

Sand t 683,815 670.2 478,572 469 569,151 592.4

Loam t 13,292 3.1 2,000 0.5 n5 nil nil

Sector ** *2008 2009 2010

Small and Medium scale Gold and Diamond mining 8,124 9,410 9,800

Large scale – Bauxite mining 1,282 1,112 1,073

Quarries (including sand and loam pits) 267 267 316

Total 9,673 10,789 11,189

** Average whole year * Revised

2006(f.o.b.US$

million) %

2007(f.o.b.US$

million) %

2008(f.o.b. US$

million) %

2009(f.o.b. US$

million) %

2010(f.o.b. US$

million) %

Industrial Groups

Sugar 137 23.4 150.1 21.5 133.4 16.7 119.8 15.6 104.0 11.7

Rice 54.6 9.3 75.3 10.8 18 118.0 14.8 114.1 14.9 154.6 17.3

Timber 70.3 12.0 55.5 8.0 53.8 6.7 41.4 5.4 48.0 5.4

Mining and Quarrying 224.8 38.4 296.3 42.4 366.9 45.9 375.3 48.8 447.7 50.2

Molasses 4.6 0.8 2.8 0.4 0.2 0.03 6.3 0.8 n/a n/a

Rum 4.3 0.7 4.3 0.6 0.8 0.1 n/a n/a n/a n/a

Other 89.5 15.3 113.7 16.3 125.3 15.7 113.3 14.5 137.6 15.4

Total Guyana Produce 585.1 100 698 100 70 798.4 100 70 768.2 100 80 891.9 100Guyana

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Production

Gold (’000oz) 205.9 246.2 260.4 305.2 308.4

Bauxite (’000t) 1,453 2,239 2,109.2 1,448.3 1,099.9

Diamond (’000ct) 340 268.9 168.9 144 49.9

Quarrystone(’000t )(’000t )(’000t 204 368 449.5 340 505.9

Sand (’000t) 285 715.5 683.9 478.5 569.1

Loam (’000t) 21 34.6 13.3 2 n/a

Table 1: mineral property tenure for 2010, along with projections for the industry’s 2011 budget

(l/s): large-scale (m/s): medium-scale

Table 2: some indicators of Guyana’s industrial mining activity Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

n/a: not available

Table 3 (above): Guyana mineral production: ex-mine value and quantity of minerals producedSource: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

Table 4 (left): leading minerals by value of output in 2010 Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Small and medium-scale sector (gold and diamonds) 49.6 69.0 64.3 66.2 77.8 76.6Large-scale sector (bauxite) 46.4 28.6 31.8 29.7 18.5 19.0Quarries (sand, stone, loam) 4.0 2.4 3.9 4.1 3.7 4.4

Table 5 (above): contributions of the sectors to Guyana’s mineral production value (%)Source: GGMC

small- and medium-scale gold miners. Diamond, bauxite and quarry products accounted for the remaining 23% of the mineral industry’s contribution to the GDP (equivalent to 2% of Guyana’s GDP).

Figure 7 shows the significant influence of mining activity. Although there has been an increase in the size of government and some economic diversifica-tion, mining activity remains one of the most important economic business sectors.

Employment In 2010, the mining industry directly employed nearly 11,200 people. If indirect and induced jobs are factored in, this number reaches about 13,900 employed in the mining and quarrying industry. In addition, several hundred people were employed by companies involved in exploration activities.

Exports Table 7 below sets out the relative contributions of industrial groups to the value of exports in recent years. The value of exports from mining and quarrying increased from US$375.3 million, or 49% of the total of US$768.2 million in 2009 to US$447.7 million, or 50% of the total of US$891.9 million in 2010.

Table 6 (above): number of persons employed in mining Source: GGMC

Table 7 (below): value of exports by industrial groups Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

Gold 74.9%

Bauxite 19.0%

Diamond 1.7%Quarrystone 3.7%

Sand 0.6%

Figure 8 Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana Guyana Gold Board

Figure 6 (below) Source: GGMC

“Gold mining maintained its position as the

“Gold mining maintained its position as the

“Gold mining maintained

biggest producer of the its position as the

biggest producer of the its position as the

mining industry in 2010”biggest producer of the

mining industry in 2010”biggest producer of the

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 7 28/06/2011 12:11


PROFILE

8

GUYANA Goldfields Inc. (TSX: GUY) is a Canada-based mineral exploration company, focused mainly on exploring for and developing gold deposits in the South America country, where it has

operated since 1996. The company is undertaking drilling and studies to

advance and develop the Aurora gold project with a current measured and indicated resource of 5.34Moz gold (42,171t at a grade of 3.94g/t). GUY is well-financed to advance development and start constructing the project in Q1 2012 with the several milestones and catalysts (see box).

MINE PLANFirst gold ouput at the Aurora gold project is targeted in the Q4 2013, producing an average of 250,000oz/y. The current mine plan specifies a combination of open-pit and underground mining for the first nine years with annual output of about 8,000t/d and about 4,400t/d for years 10-17 from underground feed only. The total mine life is 17 years, with operating cash costs in the lower quartile of all producing gold mines at an estimated US$364/oz.

Exploration drilling continues on geophysical targets within the vast land package of over 400,000 acres that has largely been unexplored. Aggressive drilling continues to upgrade the inferred resources identified in the last resource estimation to the measured and indicated category, as well as to expand the current known mineralisation along strike and dip.

All zones remain open along strike and at depth. The company’s near-term goals in the next six months are to aggressively expand the orebody at

depth within the ‘golden square mile’ and also drill other satellite targets within the Aurora District to ultimately increase resources.

IFC SUPPORTGuyana Goldfields has received the support of the International Finance Corporation of the World Bank Group since 2006 and it is currently the 5th-largest shareholder. The IFC has provided technical assistance with the environmental and social impact assessments, and is sharing half the cost of a hydropower feasibility study.

PERMITTINGGuyana Goldfields, whose permitting process began in mid-2010, has applied for the permit to operate and build the Aurora gold project. The project received its environmental permit last September and the final requirement to obtain the mining licence is a mineral agreement, also known as a fiscal or stability agreement. The company is currently negotiating with the government on the agreement’s terms and expects to receive the mining licence by year-end.

SATELLITE DISCOVERYDrilling of highly prospective targets continues at the Aranka properties, at an advanced stage of exploration.

The company discovered a gold deposit at Sulphur Rose, about 25km in a straight line from Aurora, containing an initial inferred resource of 460,400oz Au, and plans to release an updated resource estimate in August. GUY continues its assessment on the possibility of including Sulphur Rose’s resource into the Aurora feasibility study due to its proximity and similar metallurgical characteristics.

EXPLORATION PROGRAMMESTwelve drill rigs are dedicated to exploring on eight gold targets identified at Aurora and Aranka for the rest of this year within a total annual exploration budget of C$18 million.

Exploration drilling, to continue for the rest of the year, aims to increase the discovery potential of local and regional mineralised trends significantly and recently identified zones. These defined drill targets

have been derived from two to three years of baseline exploration work consisting of radiometric, geophysical, soil and sediment sampling, trenching, and augering work.

In addition, about 35km north of Sulphur Rose, reconnaissance work and stream sediment sampling at the Wynamu prospect has identified a very broad alteration zone measuring about 3km by 2km. This area has been selected as high priority for detailed grid soil sampling and trenching and will be drilled in the second half of this year.

The company has around C$51 million in cash and short-term bank-guaranteed investment certificates and no debt; there are 83 million shares issued and outstanding.

Guyana Goldfields on track for construction and development by year-end

New dawn for GUY’s Aurora project

Guyana Goldfields Inc1608-141 Adelaide St. WestToronto, Ontario, Canada M5H 3L5Contact: Jacqueline Wagenaar, Contact: Jacqueline Wagenaar, Contact:

VP, Corporate CommunicationsE-mail: [email protected]: +1 416 628 5936 Fax: +1 416 628 5935Website: www.guygold.com

CONTACTS

Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5H 3L5

■ Revised aurora resource estimate: Q3■ Hydropower feasibility study: Q3■ Permitting: Q3/Q4■ Definitive feasibility study: Q4 ■ Start of Aurora development and

construction: Q1 2012■ Begin of construction: Q1 2012

for 24 months■ Commercial production: Q4 2012

Aurora project schedule

Location map of the Aurora and Aranka properties. Above right: drilling at AuroraRight: the ‘golden square mile’.

Mineralised zones at the Aurora project

GuyanaGoldfields_Guyana.indd 8 28/06/2011 12:23


GUYANA

9

Commodity Unit 2008 2009 2010

QuantityValueValueVUS$m

ValueValueVUS$m

ValueValueVUS$m

Quantity Quantity

Gold oz 251,811 203.7 311,884.4 281.7 302,653.7 346.4

Bauxite t 2t 2,116,462 131.1 1,414,907 79.5 1,113,526 93.7

Diamond ct 193,027 31.2 94,831 14.1 46,253.21 7.1

Quarrystone t 137 0.024 n/a n/a 100 0.0035

Sand t 33,231 0.9 n/a n/a 71,690 0.454

Clay t 1t 1,119 0.041 n/a n/a n/a n/a

n/a not available * Revised

2009 2010 % Change

Gold VolumeVolumeV (oz)ValueValueV (US$m)

311,884.4281.7

302,653.68346.4

-323

BauxiteVolumeVolumeV (m/t)ValueValueV (US$m)

1,414,90779.5

1,133,52693.7

-19.917.9

DiamondsVolumeVolumeV (m/ct)ValueValueV (US$m)

94,830.614.1

46,253.217

-51.9-54.8

Figures 9 and 10 Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

Table 9: commodity exports by tonnage and value Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics GuyanaTable 8: exports of mineral primary products Sources: GGMC; Bank of Guyana; Bureau of Statistics Guyana

Guyana lies within the Amazonian Craton, which forms the northern part of the South America (Brazil, Bolivia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela). The Amazonian Craton is split into two geographic shields, the Guiana Shield in the north (containing Guyana) and the Central Brazil (Guapore) Shield in the south.

The Amazonian Craton shows striking similarities to the West African Shield. Both joined, forming part of a larger continent, before the Atlantic opened during the Mesozoic period. The Guiana Shield comprises mainly the Maroni-Itacaiunas Province, a continuous type present in French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, north Brazil and Venezuela.

The province’s rocks represent an early Protero-zoic crust with a strong south-east structural fabric. It splits into two terrains, a granulitic and gneissic type and a granite-greenstone type (2.25-1.9Ga), which covers a large proportion of Guyana.

Guyana is geologically split into three provinces: the Northern Province, the Southern Province and, between them, the Takutu Graben.

Northern Province: this is divided into three geological units: the greenstone belts, the Roraima Group and recent Tertiary/Quaternary deposits.

The greenstone belts of north Guyana are named the Barama-Mazaruni Super group, which comprises three main greenstone belts, orientated southeast-northwest, surrounded and intruded by numerous irregular granitoid bodies of trans-Amazonian age (2-2.3Ga). From south to north, the belts are: the Mazaruni Group, the Cuyuni Group and the Barama Group. The belts’ metamorphic grade falls from amphibolite on the peripheries to greenschist in the central areas. The Mazaruni Group, the best exposed, consists of the Issineru Formation (mainly meta-basalt with layers of dolerite or gabbro, tuffs and andesite) and Haimaraka Formation (mainly meta-sediments with andesite and conglomerate layers).


PROFILE

26

Tüprag Metal Madencilik AS is wholly-owned subsidiary of Canada-based Eldorado Gold Corp. Tüprag has been actively exploring in Turkey since 1986, with a focus on precious metals.

During this time the company has made a number of important discoveries, including the Kisladag deposit, which came into commercial production in 2006, and the Efemçukuru deposit, which is currently under development and production is planned for 2011.

The company is now the second-largest private-sector mining company in Turkey (based on gross revenue) and the fourth largest mining company overall (excluding industrial-minerals producer).

Tüprag’s flagship operation is the Kisladag gold mine located in Usak Province in western Turkey. The mine entered commercial production in 2006 and is forecast to produce over 265,000oz this year, with a cash cost of around US$310/oz.

Kisladag is currently the largest gold mine in Europe, and employment has reached 475 people, with over 80% of the staff drawn for the local community.

The exploration team has been extremely successful in exploring the gold porphyry system down to a depth of almost 1km, and mineralisation is still open at depth. Future exploration plans include drilling below 1km to test for a possible stacked porphyry system.

In the meantime, exploration around the perimeter of the pit has defined proven and probable reserves of 264Mt at an average grade of 0.92g/t Au, within a broader measured and indicated resource of 491Mt at 0.72g/t Au. Expansion and permitting activities are underway to increase production to 12Mt/y in 2011.

Tüprag’s second major project in Turkey is the Efemçukuru gold mine, which is located near Izmir on the west coast. Production in 2011 is forecast at 90,000-100,000 oz at a cash operating cost of US$190-210/oz. Exploration around the property has defined 5.14Mt of proven and probable reserves grading 9.1g/t Au, inside a resource of 5.54Mt grading 9.55g/t Au.

Exploration is continuing around the mine, and includes the Kokarpinar vein to the south and the northerly extension of the main Kestanebelni ore zone.

Tuprag exploration activities are carried out across the country and the company has developed a substantial database of proprietary and non-proprietary information which is used to define targets in new terrains. In addition to its own 100%-owned projects, Tüprag engages in joint venture with domestic and foreign companies to advance its portfolio of exploration properties.

Tuprag: exploring, developing, operating

GMV unlocking golden opportunities

GMV Minerals Inc (TSX-V: GMV) is a junior exploration company focused solely on the exploration and development of gold assets in the Republic of Guyana, South America.

As a result of a partnership with the country’s largest alluvial mining group, the company holds one of the largest and most strategically focused exploration properties in resource-rich Guyana, comprising medium- and large-scale prospecting licensing permits covering about 700,000 acres.

The company started initial diamond drilling in May. GMV’s properties are selectively and systematically explored using methods, including geochemistry, airborne and ground geophysics and drilling for

large-scale open-pit-type gold deposits. GMV Minerals is debt-free and has around C$7.0 million in treasury.

ABOUT GUYANA■ English-speaking former British Colony;■ Extensive history of gold production since 1885;■ Underexplored in comparison to other

South American countries;■ Part of the resource-rich Guinea Shield;■ Established mining code;■ Strong fiscal and legal system with mining-friendly

government;■ Major export is gold and has one of the largest

deposits of minerals worldwide;■ Expanded efforts by over 25 mining companies.

GMV Minerals Inc.280-1090 West Georgia StreetVancouver, BC V6E 3V7 CanadaTel: 604 899 0106E-mail: [email protected]: www.gmvminerals.com

■ Initial diamond drilling now under way; two rigs on site;

■ Targeting 10,000-15,000m of drilling for 2011;■ 34,000 line km airborne geological survey now

completed;■ 3-D IP geophysics has identified numerous

well-defined anomalies;■ Cash position: C$7.0 million;■ Largest land package in Guyana (about 700,000

acres) – strategically located directly beside or near virtually all major hard-rock discoveries;

■ Access to equipment and infrastructure.

CONTACTS

Rich in experience, rich in discoveryrich in discoveryRich in experience, rich in discoveryRich in experience,

Canada1188-550 Burrard St, Bentall 5, VancouverBC, Canada V6C 2B5Tel: +1 (604) 687 4018 Fax: +1 (604) 687 4026Toll Free: 1 888 353 8166E-mail: [email protected]: www.eldoradogold.com

TurkeyÍran Cad Turan Emeksiz Sok, No1 GOPAnkara, TurkeyTel: + 9 (0)312 468 45 36 Fax: + 9 (0)312 468 26 46

Kısladag Gold MineGümüskol Köyü Ovacık Mevkii64900 Ulubey, Usak, TurkeyTel: +9 (0)276 413 00 00Fax: +9 (0)276 766 73 55E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]: www.tuprag.com.tr

CONTACTS

Aerial view of the exploration camp

Geology

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 9 28/06/2011 12:14


PROFILE

10

SACRE-COEUR Minerals Ltd (TSX-V: SCM) is engaged in acquiring, exploring and developing properties for the potential mining of gold, metals and diamonds in South America, initially focus ing on

exploration for gold on its properties in Guyana. The company has an interest in about 978 sq km of

mineral properties in Guyana, including the Million Mountain property. The company has offices in Vancouver, Canada and Georgetown, Guyana.

LOWER PURUNI DISTRICTMILLION MOUNTAIN ZONE 1The company’s 440 sq km Lower Puruni Regional Block, which includes the 20km-long Million Mountain structural trend lies in the Mazaruni Mining District No 3 in Guyana, South America.

In September 2008, the company reported an NI 43-101-compliant interim resource estimate prepared by internationally recognised firms, Pincock Allen & Holt (PAH) working with MAPTEK/KRJA, both of Lakewood, Colorado. It revealed measured resources of 12.12Mt grading 1.0g/t Au and indicated resources of 2.18Mt grading 0.9g/t Au. Total contained gold is 451,397 tr oz Au (388,456 tr oz Au measured and 62,941 tr oz Au indicated).

In late 2010, the company completed 13.4 line km of ground IP survey. The survey was indexed to existing known mineralisation at Million Mountain Zone 1. Three completely untested target areas immediately adjacent to the existing resource present nearly identical signatures to that of the known resource. Each of the three is equal to or larger than the area of the known resource.

Based on the work by the company’s geologists over the past five years, a regional geologic model has been developed which indicates a 20km structural trend oriented east northeast – west southwest.

ALLUVIAL GOLD OUTPUT OFFSETSConcurrent with its continued exploration for hard-rock mineral resources on its Million Mountain project and other property holdings in Guyana, the

company has begun assessing alluvial gold potential on its properties as well. To date, its exploration team has identified nine zones on the Puruni River Paleo-channel which it believes are highly prospective.

In late 2009 and early 2010, a preliminary programme of test pitting and gravity beneficiation of the samples collected was completed for alluvial Zone 2 on the company’s Lower Puruni Block of properties. A total of 83 test pits were excavated, spaced nominally 100m apart along grid lines about 160m apart. A compilation of the results demon-strates a gold-bearing alluvial sand and gravel resource target measuring about 1.66km by 0.80km.

The resource target volume in the sampled zone is estimated at 2.5-4.0Mm3 of auriferous alluvial material with preliminary sampling suggesting a grade in the range of 2-9g/m3 Au. The mineralised horizon is overlain by sandy clay averaging 2m thick for an overall stripping ratio of 0.8:1 (overburden: alluvial) zone.

Lab Results confirmed fineness of gold from alluvial Zone 2 at an average 943 Fine Au from three samples of gravity recovered doré taken from alluvial Zone 2 at Million Mountain. The samples returned 910, 947, and 972 fine Au respectively for an arithmetic mean of 943 fine Au. To test the economic viability of recovering alluvial gold from alluvial Zone 2 initially, and other zones subsequently, the company built a simple gravity processing plant designed to treat 1,000m3/d.

The company tested various alluvial mining strategies before settling on stripping overburden with track-mounted excavators and bulldozers, and extracting the alluvial material by hydraulic (high-pressure water jets) means, with pumped slurry transport of mined material to the process plant.

Though the viability of the concept was proven and target production rates for limited durations was achieved by mid-year, the programme was beset with problems, including unprecedented and protracted flooding of the mining area, and major availability and capacity issues with the Brazilian-made gravel pump initially selected as the prime mover of material from the pit to the plant.

Alluvial production is planned to retsart as soon as the new gravel pumping system is commissioned.

Production is targeted at 25,000m3/mth at a target fully-diluted mined grade ranging from 0.3-1.0g/m3 Au, depending on location in the alluvial channel. At these production parameters, from a single production unit, the alluvial programme is expected to generate $200,000-500,000/mth in net cash flow to offset exploration and corporate costs. If the programme is successful as expected with these improvements, it may be possible to add multiple production units, each with similar capacity to increase alluvial gold output.

SCM should deliver new drill results at its Million Mountain property by year-end

Sacre-Coeur going for Guyana gold

The interim resource estimate for zone 1 at Million Mountain is to be updated at year-end: • 451,397 tr oz Au now + up to 23,000m

additional drilling contribution to next update.

New discovery potential along 20km Million Mountain structural trend: • Eight additional geochemically anamolous zones

to be tested with IP – targets to be drilled

Zone 1 resource estimate

New discovery

Sluce in operation in the alluvial area Core drilling at Million Mountain Zone 1 Preliminary mine-site plan for Alluvial Zone 2

Map showing SCM’s properties

Sacre-Coeur Minerals Ltd650 West Georgia St, Suite 1925, Box 11553Vancouver, BC V6B4N8 CanadaContacts: Greg Sparks, CEOTel: +1 (604) 899 0100E-mail: [email protected] Mosher, Corporate ConsultantE-mail: [email protected]: +1 (604) 685 6465Website: www.scminerals.com

CONTACTS

SacreCoeurprofile_Guyana.indd 10 28/06/2011 12:24


GUYANA

11

At the base of the Cuyuni group lie ultramafic and metamafic volcanic rocks. Andesitic and subordinate felsic flows and tuffs dominate the central part of the group. The upper part is dominated by metasediments and conglomerate, locally with an unconform-able contact with underlying the mafic rock.

The poorly exposed Barama group contains a series of ultramafics, horneblende porphyry units, metaconglomerates and metavolca-nics.

The Roraima Group, mid-Protero-zoic age, forms the high plateaux and hills of the Pakaraima Mountains in central-west Guyana and lies unconformably above the Barama-Mazaruni Super group.

This group comprises un-metamor-phosed arkose, shales, quartz arenites and conglomerates and is up to 2km thick. Intruding the Roraima Group are the Avanavero suite of dykes and sills. These are mafic intrusives emplaced between 1.65 and 1.85Ga.

Takutu Graben/Northern SavannasThe Rewa Group, including the Takutu Formation and Apoteri volcanics, occupy the Takutu/Northern Savannas Rift Valley, which is bounded by the Kanuku and Pakaraima Mountains in the south and north, respectively. The rift valley/graben extends 180km westwards into Brazil and is up to 50km wide. The

graben is part of a trans-South American fault zone, which extends on a east-northeast direction from the

Pacific to the Atlantic. The sediments (lacustrine and evaporite deposits) are dated as Permo-Triassic to Late Cretaceous in age.

The Rewa Group lies unconform-ably on Precambrian basement and comprises the Apoteri and Takutu formations. The latter, mainly contain-ing mudstone with interbedded shales, siltstones and sandstones, is rarely

seen outcropping due to overlying laterite and unconsolidated sediment. The Apoteri comprises tholeiitic lavas (114-178Ma).

Southern Province: this lies in the central part of the Guiana Shield, whose nucleus is present in this province as an ‘Old Crystalline Basement’ and the Proto-Kanuku Complex (dated at 3.1-3.4Ga). The Kanuku Complex contains high metamorphic-grade migmatitic gneisses and granulites, involved in the

Imataca thermo-tectonic event around 2.77Ga. Kanuku forms a horst, part of an east-northeast trending mobile belt known as the Central Guyana Granulite belt, which extends into Suriname to the east and Brazil to the west.

Before the trans-Amazonian event starting at 2.4Ga, southern Guyana experienced shallow marine sedimentation

and basaltic intrusions of the Kwitaro Group. The trans-Amazonian tectonic event gave rise to granitoid rocks (known as the younger granites) of the Essequibo-Corentyne Complex, the southern Guyana Complex and Konashen adamellite intrusion.

Theses complexes, and associated Kanuku and Kwitaro gneisses, were formed during a reactivation period of the trans-Amazonian event, at around 1.8Ga. This reactivation signified the end of the trans-Amazonian event. This was marked by the Kuyuwini Group (far of south Guyana) and Burro-Burro Group (north of the North Savannas Rift Valley) emplacements. These groups represent extensive volcanic activity of acidintermediate lava composition with sub-volcanic granitic plutons and minor shallow marine sedimentation.

The Roraima Formation follows stratigraphically in Guyana’s geological history, but in southern Guyana, it is only seen as boulders in the Northern Savannas. The Roraima Intrusive suite is only seen as a small dolerite intrusion in the Iwokrama Formation, part of Kuyuwini and Burro-Burro Groups.

North of the Rupununi River lies the Rupununi savannah (shown), south of which lie the Kanuku Mountains

“The Takutu Graben is part

of a trans-South Graben is part

of a trans-South Graben is part

American fault zone”

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 11 28/06/2011 12:16


PROFILE

12June 2011Mining Journal special publication – Guyana

PROFILE

26












Sandspring scores high at Toroparu

SANDSPRING Resources Ltd (TSX-V: SSP) engages in the exploration and develop-ment of mineral properties in the Republic of Guyana, South America. The company is developing its multi-million-

ounce Toroparu gold-copper project toward production in 2015.

In developing the large-scale mining potential of the Toroparu project, Sandspring continues to explore new geologic targets on its 1,000km contiguous land package located in the Upper Puruni River region of Guyana. The company is led by a highly successful board of directors and has established a locally based world-class exploration. The founders of the project, chairman John Adams and CEO Rich Munson, have over a decade of mining experience in Guyana.

Sandspring has been publicly traded on the TSX Venture exchange since November 2009. It has since thrived in the competitive junior mining industry by conducting business with utmost integrity, with its focus on environmental, social and

economic sustainability. The Sandspring group is an integrated, multi-talented, cross-functional team motivated to add value to the company, and, as a result, increase shareholder value. Insiders, directors and management own over 30% of the issued and outstanding stock and thus are fully dedicated to the continued success of the company.

Head office: 8000 South Chester St Suite 375Centennial, CO 80112 USATel: +1 720 854 0104Investor relations:4 King Street West, Suite 1000Toronto, ON, M5H 1B6CanadaTel: +1 720 854 0104E-mail: [email protected]: www.sandspringresources.com

CONTACTS




CONTACTS

Above (l-r): a 3-D model of the three phases of mining at Toroparu; the

Toroparu camp; and saprolite mining

1) Elevated 0.5 g/t AuEq cut-off strategy results in a 6.6 M tonne weathered e weathered e w saprolite mining operation over 7 years, 140.25 M tonne fresh bedrock open pit mining operation over 13 years, and 39 M tonnes low grade stockpile (avg. 0.31 g/t Au and 0.06% Cu) reclaimed and processed in years 14-17, after open pit operations cease, resulting in a 17 year life of mine.

2) The estimated tonnes and grade shown above are based on a 0.5 g/t Au equivalent mineable resource, 7% minedilution at a diluting grade of 0.20 g/t Au and 0.03% Cu., with 2.5% mining losses. The metal prices used in thisestimate were a February 28, 2011 two year trailing average as follows: Au US$1,137/oz, Cu $3.13/lb, Au : Curatio using 93% Au recovery and 80% Cu recovery was 1.62 Cu to Au. Mining costs were $1.28 per tonne ofFresh rock and $0.87 per tonne of Saprolite, Processing and G&A costs were $8.16/tonne. Pit optimizationslopes were 49 degrees in Fresh Rock and 38 degrees in Saprolite.

Potentially Mineable Resources2Tonnes

(000’s)

Au

g/t

Cu

%

AuEq

g/t

Au oz

(000’s)

Cu lb

(millions)

AuEq oz

(000’s)

Saprolite Measured & Indicated 2,688 0.90 0.06 1.00 78.0 3.3 86.4

Saprolite Inferred

3

4,016 0.98 08 0.05 15 1.07 17 126.5 4.5

138.1

Fresh Rock Measured & Indicated 88,817 0.91 0.13 1.14 2,593.9 249.3 3,255.3

Fresh Rock Inferred

3

44,733 0.80 0.09 0.95 1,146.3 84.1

1,366.3

Total Measured & Indicated 91,505 0.91 0.13 1.14 2,671.9 252.6 3,353.8

Total Inferred

3

48,749 0.81 0.08 0.96 1,272.8 88.6

1,504.6

4 King Street West, Suite 1000


PROFILE

26












U3O8 Corp driving fast resource growth

WITH properties in Guyana, Colombia and Argentina, U3O8 Corp (TSXV: UWE) is focused solely in South America: a new frontier for

uranium exploration. The company has a dramatic growth profile that could see its NI 43-101 uranium resources grow 10-fold to 60-75Mlb by year-end. In addition, it plans to undertake resource estimates of potential co-products, including vanadium, phosphate and rare earths.

Richard Spencer, U3O8 Corp’s president and CEO, sees South America as where Africa was 10 to 15 years ago: offering good geological potential for uranium discoveries, favourable regulatory jurisdictions and great growth opportunities that can be acquired at reasonable value.

“We want to establish a dominant position in what we see as a new frontier for uranium and ‘electric’ metals. And 2011 is shaping up to be a year in which we should see rapid growth in our resource portfolio as we execute on one of the most advanced suites of uranium projects in South America. We’re aiming to define 20-25Mlb of uranium resources in each of Guyana, Colombia and Argentina this year while setting up for similar growth in 2012,” he says.

U3O8 Corp first began its exploration activities in Guyana, where its Kurupung project is emerging into a large mineralised system. He adds: “Through scout drilling, we have delineated nine consistently mineralised structures so far, which suggests the Kurupung may contain 30-35Mlb of uranium, including an initial NI 43-101 resource of 7Mlb. We’re focusing on infill drilling and an 11,000m drill programme started in March towards our goal to dramatically add to our NI 43-101 resources in Guyana.”

Following the resource drilling, scout drilling will

continue with the aim to show that the Kurupung could be of comparable size to albitite-hosted deposits elsewhere in the world that typically contain 60-130Mlb of uranium (like Paladin Energy’s Valhalla deposit in Australia and Michelin deposit in Canada or Virginia Energy’s Coles Hill deposit in the US).

With about C$17 million in cash, U3O8 Corp is well-funded to pursue its aggressive resource build-up plans this year, which would take the company from an exploration junior to an intermediate-sized uranium company in the short term.

U3O8 Corp8 King Street East, Suite 710Toronto, ON M5C 1B5, CanadaTel: +1 416 868 1491Contacts: Richard Spencer, President & CEOE-mail: [email protected] Nancy Chan-Palmateer, VP, Investor RelationsE-mail: [email protected] Website: www.u3o8corp.com

CONTACTS




CONTACTS

Base camp and dirt airstrip at the Kurupung project

Drilling at the Kurupung project

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 12 28/06/2011 14:59


GUYANA

13

Several economic minerals are exploited in the Guiana Shield. The main minerals mined or those with potential are gold, diamonds and bauxite.

Gold: gold extraction and exploration has been reported in the Guiana Shield since the colonial expansion of the 16th century. Gold is mainly found in areas of greenstone belts.

Placer – placer deposits are observed on most of the main rivers draining the greenstone terrain, which hosts most of the primary gold. The Barama-Mazaruni Greenstone belt has low relief, deep weathering, which accompanied by the tropical climate and a lack of a post-Proterozoic cover, are right conditions for mobilisation of gold.

Lode – this is frequently found in Precambrian terrains (notably the greenstone belts of the Barama-Mazaruni Group). In many cases, the gold is hosted in quartz veins, which dip at high angle to sub-vertical.

In the Guiana Shield, gold occurs as macroscopic, irregular gold grains occurring in fractures within quartz veins, disseminated in country rocks and silicified shear zones, as inclusions in disseminated/vein-hosted pyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, or intergrowths with sulphides.

Diamonds: these are only found in placer deposits in many of the main rivers of northwest Guyana. The alluvial diamonds seen in northern Guyana are thought to derive from the Pakaraima Mountains, though the main source is unclear.

Bauxite: bauxite extraction is a major industry and the country is a main global producer. Linden, in the north, is the main centre for this mining.

The mining area is defined by a coastal strip 30km wide from the Essequibo River south-southeast passing through Linden to the Suriname border, including the Kwakwani mining district. On the coastal plains lie two types of bauxite present: residual and alluvial.

Residual bauxite derives from in-situ weathering of beadrock formed during the upper Oligocene unconformity. Orebodies are usually 8-10m thick.

Alluvial bauxite comes from transported bauxite material. It is often interbedded with sub-bauxite clays up to 10m thick and also exists in intermediate elevations as in-situ bauxite, 5m thick, capping hills. Average deposits have 50% aluminium and 4% silica. In plateaux, bauxite forms from weathering of various rocks in situ, and orebodies can be up to 8m thick.

Aggregates and gravel: aggregate quarries in Guyana are mainly within the Bartica Assemblage, in which biotite gneiss, granite gneiss, hornblende-biotite gneiss, medium-grained gabbro and black biotite schist are extracted and crushed. Aggregates are used for road and building foundations as well as sea defence construction. Gravel, extracted from alluvial deposits, is used in the construction industry as aggregate for concrete manufacture and road construction.

Silica sand: abundant in Guyana, this is found as the Pliocene-Pleistocene ‘white sand’ deposits covering many regions, notably the coastal area. Apart from areas stained by ferruginous ground water, the white


PROFILE

26












Sandspring scores high at Toroparu

SANDSPRING Resources Ltd (TSX-V: SSP) engages in the exploration and develop-ment of mineral properties in the Republic of Guyana, South America. The company is developing its multi-million-

ounce Toroparu gold-copper project toward production in 2015.

In developing the large-scale mining potential of the Toroparu project, Sandspring continues to explore new geologic targets on its 1,000km contiguous land package located in the Upper Puruni River region of Guyana. The company is led by a highly successful board of directors and has established a locally based world-class exploration. The founders of the project, chairman John Adams and CEO Rich Munson, have over a decade of mining experience in Guyana.

Sandspring has been publicly traded on the TSX Venture exchange since November 2009. It has since thrived in the competitive junior mining industry by conducting business with utmost integrity, with its focus on environmental, social and

economic sustainability. The Sandspring group is an integrated, multi-talented, cross-functional team motivated to add value to the company, and, as a result, increase shareholder value. Insiders, directors and management own over 30% of the issued and outstanding stock and thus are fully dedicated to the continued success of the company.

Head office: 8000 South Chester St Suite 375Centennial, CO 80112Tel: +1 720 854 0104Investor relations:4 King Street West, Suite 1000Toronto, ON, M5H 1B6Centennial, CO 80112Tel: +1 720 854 0104E-mail: [email protected]: www.sandspringresources.com

CONTACTS




CONTACTS

Above (l-r): a 3-D model of the three phases of mining at Toroparu; the

Toroparu camp; and saprolite mining

1) Elevated 0.5 g/t AuEq cut-off strategy results in a 6.6 M tonne weathered e weathered e w saprolite mining operation over 7 years, 140.25 M tonne fresh bedrock open pit mining operation over 13 years, and 39 M tonnes low grade stockpile (avg. 0.31 g/t Au and 0.06% Cu) reclaimed and processed in years 14-17, after open pit operations cease, resulting in a 17 year life of mine.

2) The estimated tonnes and grade shown above are based on a 0.5 g/t Au equivalent mineable resource, 7% minedilution at a diluting grade of 0.20 g/t Au and 0.03% Cu., with 2.5% mining losses. The metal prices used in thisestimate were a February 28, 2011 two year trailing average as follows: Au US$1,137/oz, Cu $3.13/lb, Au : Curatio using 93% Au recovery and 80% Cu recovery was 1.62 Cu to Au. Mining costs were $1.28 per tonne ofFresh rock and $0.87 per tonne of Saprolite, Processing and G&A costs were $8.16/tonne. Pit optimizationslopes were 49 degrees in Fresh Rock and 38 degrees in Saprolite.

Potentially Mineable Resources2Tonnes

(000’s)

Au

g/t

Cu

%

AuEq

g/t

Au oz

(000’s)

Cu lb

(millions)

AuEq oz

(000’s)

Saprolite Measured & Indicated 2,688 0.90 0.06 1.00 78.0 3.3 86.4

Saprolite Inferred

3

4,016 0.98 08 0.05 15 1.07 17 126.5 4.5

138.1

Fresh Rock Measured & Indicated 88,817 0.91 0.13 1.14 2,593.9 249.3 3,255.3

Fresh Rock Inferred

3

44,733 0.80 0.09 0.95 1,146.3 84.1

1,366.3

Total Measured & Indicated 91,505 0.91 0.13 1.14 2,671.9 252.6 3,353.8

Total Inferred

3

48,749 0.81 0.08 0.96 1,272.8 88.6

1,504.6

4 King Street West, Suite 1000


PROFILE

26












U3O8 Corp driving fast resource growth

WITH properties in Guyana, Colombia and Argentina, U3O8 Corp (TSXV: UWE) is focused solely in South America: a new frontier for

uranium exploration. The company has a dramatic growth profile that could see its NI 43-101 uranium resources grow 10-fold to 60-75Mlb by year-end. In addition, it plans to undertake resource estimates of potential co-products, including vanadium, phosphate and rare earths.

Richard Spencer, U3O8 Corp’s president and CEO, sees South America as where Africa was 10 to 15 years ago: offering good geological potential for uranium discoveries, favourable regulatory jurisdictions and great growth opportunities that can be acquired at reasonable value.

“We want to establish a dominant position in what we see as a new frontier for uranium and ‘electric’ metals. And 2011 is shaping up to be a year in which we should see rapid growth in our resource portfolio as we execute on one of the most advanced suites of uranium projects in South America. We’re aiming to define 20-25Mlb of uranium resources in each of Guyana, Colombia and Argentina this year while setting up for similar growth in 2012,” he says.

U3O8 Corp first began its exploration activities in Guyana, where its Kurupung project is emerging into a large mineralised system. He adds: “Through scout drilling, we have delineated nine consistently mineralised structures so far, which suggests the Kurupung may contain 30-35Mlb of uranium, including an initial NI 43-101 resource of 7Mlb. We’re focusing on infill drilling and an 11,000m drill programme started in March towards our goal to dramatically add to our NI 43-101 resources in Guyana.”

Following the resource drilling, scout drilling will

continue with the aim to show that the Kurupung could be of comparable size to albitite-hosted deposits elsewhere in the world that typically contain 60-130Mlb of uranium (like Paladin Energy’s Valhalla deposit in Australia and Michelin deposit in Canada or Virginia Energy’s Coles Hill deposit in the US).

With about C$17 million in cash, U3O8 Corp is well-funded to pursue its aggressive resource build-up plans this year, which would take the company from an exploration junior to an intermediate-sized uranium company in the short term.

U3O8 Corp8 King Street East, Suite 710Toronto, ON M5C 1B5, CanadaTel: +1 416 868 1491Contacts: Richard Spencer, President & CEOE-mail: [email protected] Nancy Chan-Palmateer, VP, Investor RelationsE-mail: [email protected] Website: www.u3o8corp.com

CONTACTS




CONTACTS

Base camp and dirt airstrip at the Kurupung project

Drilling at the Kurupung project

Geological Services Division

This division undertakes geological fieldwork countrywide to investigate the geology and mineral resources and compiles relevant reports.

Work done as part of recent field projects has included regional geochemical sampling. Sampling and analytical methods used are the same for each project, eventually allowing data to be combined in the first geochemical atlas of Guyana. Samples of available data are available as PDF files.

Geochemical sampling techniques employed are those commonly used in wet tropical areas, with bulk-30# sediments samples taken using a flocculant and a -80 fraction separated in the laboratory. All sample processing and analysis is being done by Actlabs in Canada. There are a 2kg –30# split is analysed for Au, Ag, Cu, Pd and Pt using a cyanide leach method (BLEG), and the -80# fraction is analysed for ‘Au plus 48’ using INAA and ICP.

Nine reports on geology, geochemistry and structure covering 7,000km2 in northern Guyana

are available in print and electronically. Assay results have been received for other

project areas (Kaburi, Barama Logging Roads, Kuyuwini, Kurupukari, Kaburi Gap, Omai Gap, Arisaru, Mara Mara, Demerara Headwaters, West Aurora and Demerara Bend), and reports are under preparation.

Field work has been done in the Kaburi Gap and Omai Gap (Phase 2) assay results are pending, while Arisaru’s was received.

Details of recent reports are in the table above.

Projects reportson CD

Project completedbut not on CD

Assays availableavailablea

Barama KuyuwiniArisaru

KartuniBarama Roads

KuriburngDemerara Bend

MaburaDemerara Head WatersDemerara Head WatersDemerara Head W

Mahdia

Project(assays pending)

KaburiMorabisi

Kaburi GapKaburi-Kaburi GapPhase 2

Morabisi NorthKurupukari

PakaraimaLower Purini

PashanamuMara Mara

Upper PuruniOmai GapWest Aurora

sand is very homogeneous with few impurities (heavy mineral concentration rarely exceeds 0.1%) and an absence of clay.

Silica sand can be used industrially, including: glass, ceramics, abrasives, silicon carbide, silica tetrachlo-ride, activated silica, silica flour and filtration.

Economic deposits

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Aishalton

AnnaiApoteri

Aricheng

Arnik

Aruwai

Aurora

Ayanganna

Baganara Isl

Baramita

Bemichi

Boa Vista (Vor)

Chi Chi

Dadanawa

Ebini

Ekereku (B)

Ekereku (Top)Enachau

Eteringbang

Gunns Strip

Hampton Court

Hunt Oil Rig

ImbamadaiIssano

Jaguar

Kaikan

Kaieteur

Kamarang

Kaow Island

Karisparu

Kato

Karanambo (I)

Karasabai

Konawaruk

Kopinang

Kurupukari

Kwakwani

Kwapau

Kwabana

Lethem

Linden

Mabaruma

Monkey Mountain

Ogle

Omai

Paruima

Phillipai

Pirara

Port Kaituma

Rose Hall

Sand Creek

Skeldon

Surama

Timehri

Oko

Maple Creek

MINERAL PROPERTY STATUSMAP of GUYANA

RECONNAISSANCE AREAS

BHPFive StarMigrate Mining Ltd

MINERAL PROPERTY

Amaila Hydro Project AreaAuction BlocksClosed AreaIwokramaKaieteur National ParkMedium ScaleMining LicenceMining PermitProspecting LicenceProspecting Licence(Application)Sand Pit (exaggerated)State Reserve

Scale 1 : 3,000,000

March, 2003

“Guyana is one “Guyana is one of the main of the main

“Guyana is one of the main

“Guyana is one “Guyana is one of the main

“Guyana is one

global producers global producers of bauxite”of bauxite”

global producers of bauxite”

global producers global producers of bauxite”

global producers

Mineral property status Mineral property status map of Guyanamap of Guyana

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 13 28/06/2011 12:16

June 2011Mining Journal special publication – Guyana14

PROFILE

SSTRONGHOLD Metals Inc is a Vancouver-based exploration company focused on gold and copper in South America. The company, already listed on TSX-V (under company, already listed on TSX-V (under the trading symbol ‘Z’), is arranging a

secondary listing on OTCQX, the premium tier for foreign companies of the over-the-counter market in the US.

Stronghold president and chief executive Ioannis (Yannis) Tsitos comments that the company has attracted a lot of attention from US investors, and this new listing will create the necessary trading platform in the US.

Stronghold is active in Guyana and Brazil. Mr Tsitos notes that the two countries are stable politically and economically. Guyana is the only English-speaking country in South America, and it also benefits from the adoption of British law and a government that is supportive of mining.

On June 9, Stronghold announced that the drilling programme at its flagship Eagle Mountain gold project was progressing “on schedule”. The programme calls for at least 15,000m of drilling to be completed, and a new hole is being drilled every two days.

Mr Tsitos comments: “We are very pleased that the visual results of the drilling programme are now verifying the expected lithologies and mineralisation at Eagle Mountain. As a result, we are moving more aggressively to quantify the continuity, size and quality of the Eagle Mountain gold deposit.”

Mr Tsitos expects to drill 150 holes, and the first analytical results are expected shortly. To fast-track this work, the company is negotiating the delivery of a second drill rig. This will utilise a man-portable rig to reduce the environmental footprint, especially at the higher elevations on what is a wooded hillside.

Infilling aims to test the 29km of drilling by Iamgold, Cambior and Golden Star. This prior drilling had estimated resources at 18Mt, grading 1.27g/t, suggesting 735,000oz (using a 0.5g/t cut-off). Metall urgical work by Iamgold and SGS taking samples from 11 pits at the site suggested a greater than 90% recovery rate.

Stronghold also draws encouragement from the historical alluvial and elluvial gold extraction at the site by local miners.

Eagle Mountain was acquired from Iamgold in a closed-tender offer of cash, shares (spread over three years) and an exploration commitment. Following the agreement, Iamgold owns 3.6% of Stronghold, rising to 10% within the next 18 months.

Mr Tsitos notes that their offer was not the highest bid but Iamgold was attracted, he believes, by Stronghold’s relevant management experience and the promise of equity management experience and the promise of equity appreciation.

Mr Tsitos expects Iamgold to perform well from its shareholding in Stronghold. Although “seriously undervalued”, Mr Tsitos says the company is looking to deliver a prefeasibility study by mid-2012, and is looking to prove over 1.3Moz, so that he can justify an 120,000oz/y operation with a ten-year mine-life.

Mr Tsitos describes Eagle Mountain as the “orphan brother” of the Omai operation. Because it was 45km into the jungle, and with a resource of under 1Moz, it was overlooked, he says. Some holes drilled currently have intersected mineralisation outside the existing area, and Mr Tsitos expects the resource outlined by Iamgold to be proven, then to grow.

LOCAL PRESENCEStronghold Guyana Inc, a wholly-owned Guyana-incorporated subsidiary, recently opened an office in Georgetown, with 20 employees in total in Guyana,

including five permanent positions. Stronghold recently decided to increase its technical field team in Guyana with at least one more geologist and necessary support staff.

Mr Tsitos comments: “We have a very capable and experienced team on the ground in Guyana, led by Anne

Casselman, in whom we have the greatest confi-dence.” Ms Casselman, Stronghold’s exploration and country manager in Guyana, was formerly with country manager in Guyana, was formerly with Newmont and Iamgold as a senior geologist, and has been working on Eagle Mountain for over five years.

Ms Casselman has extensive experience in Guyana with several companies, including Iamgold on the Omai mine, Eagle Mountain and Fish Creek. She has worked in Canada for Zemex, Mineral Research Canada and the Ministry of Northern Development,

Mines and Forestry and internationally as project manager and senior exploration geologist for Golden Star in Gabon and Mali as well as in South America (Suriname and French Guiana).

Kevin Pickett is the company’s senior geologist in Guyana. Before, he had the same role at Iamgold, working on three drilling programmes and the geological mapping at Eagle Mountain. He also ran the grass-roots exploration at Fish Creek gold project in NW Guyana, and worked for ETK Inc on the Toroparu project in Guyana (Sandspring Resources Ltd). Mr Pickett also worked for two years with Guyana Geology and Mines Commission.

Christopher Hampson, a long-standing director of Stronghold, has agreed to assist the management team in business development. Mr Hampson is an experienced businessman who has founded and run more than eight companies in his 35-year career.

Stronghold Metals in Guyana

In Brazil, Stronghold is conducting a 15-hole drilling programme on its Tucuma project (shown right) in the metal-rich Carajas mining belt. This focuses on testing areas that exhibit strong geochemical gold anomalies and following historical gold economic intersections.

Other opportunities

Stronghold Metals Inc206 - 595 Howe StreetVancouver, BC Canada V6C 2T5 Tel: +1 (604) 806 0916Fax: +1 (604) 806 0956Website: www.strongholdmetals.com

CONTACTS

Eagle Mountain deposit map

“Drilling at Stronghold’s flagship

“Drilling at Stronghold’s flagship

“Drilling at

Eagle Mountain gold Stronghold’s flagship Eagle Mountain gold Stronghold’s flagship

project is progressing ‘on schedule’”

project is progressing ‘on schedule’”

project is progressing

StrongholdMetals_Guyana.indd 14 29/06/2011 11:15


GUYANA

15

MINERAL PROPERTIES IN GUYANAThe Mining Act 1989 allows for four operations:1. A small-scale claim has dimensions of 1,500ft x

800ft while a river claim consists of one mile of a navigable river.

2. Medium-scale prospecting and mining permits. These cover 150-1,200 acres each.

3. Prospecting licences for areas of 500-12,800 acres.4. Permission for geological and geophysical surveys

for reconnaissance surveys over large acreages with the aim of applying for prospecting licences over favorable ground selected on the basis of results from reconnaissance aerial and field surveys.

PROSPECTING LICENCEThis consists of the following elements:1. Filling out the prescribed 5D Form.2. Payment of US$100 application fee.3. Work programme/budget for first-year activities.4. Submitting a map on terra survey 1:50,000 sheet.5. Cartographic description of area.6. Proof of financial and technical capability.7. Scheduling chart for activities planned.

Applicants must state the location of and access to the area of interest, objective of the exploration, geology of the area and application rationale.

After satisfactory submission of the documents, the application is processed and, if recommended, will be sent to the official gazette for publication. If there are no objections to the grant, ministerial approval is sought. When this is obtained, the licence becomes available on payment of the first year’s rental and submission of an acceptable performance bond.

Rental rates are: US$0.50/acre for first year; US$0.60 (second year) and US$1.00 (third year). Performance bond is equivalent to 10% of the approved budget for the respective year. However, since 1998 there has been a 50% rebate on rental rates, halving rentals.

This licence lasts three years, with two rights of renewal of one year each. The Mining Act 1989 stipulates that three months before each anniversary date of licence, a work programme and budget for the following year must be presented for approval for the work to be undertaken during the following year.

The obligations of the licensee include quarterly technical reports on its activities and an audited

Application procedures

Minerals

Gold(non-Omai)

Gold(Omai)

GRANDTOTAL

Diamonds

Stone

Sand

Loam

LatLatLa erite

Bauxite

Year

Unit

oz

kg

oz

kg

oz

kg

ct

t

t

t

t

kt

2000

105,289

3,274.49

329,603.37

10,250.66

434,892.37

13,525.15

81,706.00

120,179

261,764

14,568

1,000

2,667

2001

101,849

3,167.50

354,068.59

11,011.53

455,917.59

14,179.04

179,463.12

117,904

243,127

43,275

12,000

1,953

2002

117,240

3,646.16

319,431.00

9,934.30

436,671.00

13,580.47

248,436.66

54,746

186,327

10,730

4,500

1,686

2003

105,747

3,288.73

270,693.00

8,418.55

376,440.00

11,707.28

412,537.00

154,093

253,674

10,677

5,250

1,882

2004

116,236

3,614.94

242,192.00

7,532.17

358,428.00

10,870.62

444,940.00

285,583

142,094

17,300

3,000

1,506

2005

162,527

5,054.59

100,001.00

3,110.03

262,528.00

8,157.75

356,950.00

315,964

573,150

4,000

12,000

1,648

2006

205,970

6,405.67

-

-

205,970.00

6,405.67

340,544.00

204,000

285,000

21,017

0

1,574

2007

246,200

7,656.83

-

-

246,200.00

7,656.83

268,925.00

368,008

378,243

4,159

0

2,239

2008

260,387

8,098.00

-

-

260,387.00

8,098.00

168,925.00

449,565

375,390

9,620

0

2,109

2009

305,178

9,490.99

-

-

305,178.00

9,490.99

143,982.00

340,016

334,155

2,000

0

1,448

2010

308,438

9,593

-

-

308,438

9,593

49,920

505,865

569,151

1,100

The Mines Division

The Mines Division aims to provide efficient service to the mining sector via its team of professionals, semi-professionals and support staff. These include mining and mineral processing engineers, mining and geological technicians, surveyors and surveying technicians. Mines officers, administrators, statistical and database clerks are also within the division.

FUNCTIONS The Division, headed by a manager, regulates the mining sector and provides other key services in accordance with the Mining Act #20 of 1989 andthe Regulations. The division’s work is split into:

Clerical: provides administrative services to the sector in many areas of their operation. Information generated by the other sections are collected and stored by a system of manual and computerised database and also manual filing. It is staffed by personnel with years of experience in information storage, retrieval and management.

Inspectorate: regulates the small-scale mining operations and also executes other field related administrative functions and collection of revenue. This is supervised by the chief mines officer and other staff include, one deputy chief mines officer, mining technicians, surveyors and mines officers.

Technical: regulates mainly the large and medium scale mining activities through technical inspection tours and also assist in the promotion of technical development of the mining sector. This section is staffed by qualified professionals with BSc and MSc in Mining Engineering: Mining and Geological Technicians: also qualified Surveyors and Surveying-Technicians. In addition, the staff has a wealth of experience in the management of the sector.

Mineral processing: undertakes research aimed at improving mineral recovery techniques of local miners. The staff are trained at MSc level in mineral processing. there are also technicians in this section.

financial statement to be submitted by June 30 of the following year for the previous year’s expenditure. Should the licensee relinquish part or all of the licence area, he must submit an evaluation report on the work undertaken therein.

Prospecting licence properties are subject to ad hoc monitoring visits by technical staff of the GGMC. hoc monitoring visits by technical staff of the GGMC. hocIt is up to the applicant to select the area of interest. This is based, mainly, on availability and good geological prospectivity.

At any time during the prospecting licence, and for any part or all of the prospecting licence area, the licensee may apply for a mining licence. This application will consist of a positive feasibility study, mine plan, an environmental impact statement and an environmental management plan. Rental for a mining licence is fixed at US$5.00/acre annually and the licence is usually granted for 20 years or the life of the deposit, whichever is shorter; renewals are possible.

MINING LICENCE1. The holder of a prospecting licence may, within

one year specified in section 40 (2) or within such further period as may be allowed by the commis-sion under the proviso thereto, apply under this subsection for the grant of a mining licence in

respect of any discovery parcel or parcels, which following appraisal, can be shown to contain any mineral to which the licence relates.

2. Any person notwithstanding that he does not hold a prospecting licence in respect of any parcel or parcels, and on the commission being satisfied on data from that person or otherwise that a mineral lies therein, may apply under this subsection for a mining licence in respect of that parcel or parcels.

3. An application under subsection (1) or (2):a. shall be made to the Commission;b. shall be accompanied by such reports, analysis and data resulting from the investigations and studies carried out under section 42 or otherwise;c. shall be accompanied by proposals by the applicant for the construction, set-up and operation of all facilities and services for and incidental to the recovery, processing, storage and transportation of the mineral from the proposed area; andd. shall be accompanied by such other particulars as may be prescribed;

4. Where a prospecting licence holder makes an application under section 43(1), the commission shall grant the mining licence applied for on such conditions as are necessary to give effect to the application and requirements of this Act; and

5. Where an application is made under section 43(2), the commission may grant on such conditions as it decides, or refuse to grant, the licence applied for.

RECONNAISSANCE SURVEYSection 97 of the Mining Act empowers the minister to grant permission for geophysical and geological survey. Application for a permission is based on some new or special concepts that need to be tested on a reconnaissance level. The objectives can be based on geological hypotheses, the need to obtain regionalised information, etc.

There is no fixed format for these permissions, but an application must contain fundamental elements such as an elaboration of the geological objectives and programme, the area(s) of interest, proposed fees and scheduling. Technical and financial capability of the applicant will also be considered.Declared mineral production, 2000-10

02-09,11-13,15_Guyana.indd 15 28/06/2011 12:16

More about Russia? Look out for our next supplementson this exciting mining destination in 2011.

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BrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazil

SurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSurinameSuriname

VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuela

Da Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's MineDa Silva's Mine

Fish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish CreekFish Creek

Tamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay MineTamakay Mine

AuroraAuroraAuroraAuroraAuroraAuroraAuroraAuroraAurora

ImotaiImotaiImotaiImotaiImotaiImotaiImotaiImotaiImotai

KwapauKwapauKwapauKwapauKwapauKwapauKwapauKwapauKwapau

ArakakaArakakaArakakaArakakaArakakaArakakaArakakaArakakaArakaka

Deer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer CreekDeer Creek

Blackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater CreekBlackwater Creek

Marudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi MtMarudi Mt

Eagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle MountainEagle Mountain

Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)Morabisi (Robello Creek)

ArankaArankaArankaArankaArankaArankaArankaArankaArankaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapaMakapa

Piai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai HeadPiai Head

Tallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman KaburiTallman Kaburi

Mathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews RidgeMathews Ridge

Omai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai MineOmai Mine

Honey Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldHoney Camp GoldfieldTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah MineTikwah Mine

PotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuruPotaikushuru

Aremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu MineAremu Mine

QuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstoneQuartzstone

Wanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue MountainsWanamu / Blue Mountains

IannaIannaIannaIannaIannaIannaIannaIannaIanna

Mariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine HillMariwa - Sardine Hill

Pott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott FallsPott Falls

Kanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu MinesKanaimapu Mines

BarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmitaBarmita

Peters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters MinePeters Mine

Million MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion MountainMillion Mountain

Tassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini MineTassawini Mine

ToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparuToroparu

Winters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters MineWinters Mine

Groete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete CreekGroete Creek

Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)Kaburi Mine (Da Silvas Vein)

Hicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks MineHicks Mine

St Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's QuarrySt Mary's Quarry

Itabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni GraniteItabu / Mazaruni Granite

AkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwongAkaiwong

Sodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam MountainSodam Mountain

Five StarFive StarFive StarFive StarFive StarFive StarFive StarFive StarFive Star

Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)Imotai (Big Hope Ck)

Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.Maple Creek.

AishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishaltonAishalton

AnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnaiAnnai

ApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteriApoteri

ArichengArichengArichengArichengArichengArichengArichengArichengAricheng

ArnikArnikArnikArnikArnikArnikArnikArnikArnik

AruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwaiAruwai

AyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyangannaAyanganna

Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)Boa Vista (Vor)

Chi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi ChiChi Chi

DadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawaDadanawa

EbiniEbiniEbiniEbiniEbiniEbiniEbiniEbiniEbini

Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)Ekereku (B)

Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)Ekereku (Top)

EnachuEnachuEnachuEnachuEnachuEnachuEnachuEnachuEnachu

EteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbangEteringbang

Gunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns StripGunns Strip

Hampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton CourtHampton Court

Hunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil RigHunt Oil Rig

ImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadaiImbaimadai

IssanoIssanoIssanoIssanoIssanoIssanoIssanoIssanoIssano

JaguarJaguarJaguarJaguarJaguarJaguarJaguarJaguarJaguar

KaikanKaikanKaikanKaikanKaikanKaikanKaikanKaikanKaikan

KaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteurKaieteur

KamarangKamarangKamarangKamarangKamarangKamarangKamarangKamarangKamarang

Kaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow IslandKaow Island

KatoKatoKatoKatoKatoKatoKatoKatoKato

Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)Karanambo (I)

KarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabaiKarasabai

KonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawarukKonawaruk

KopinangKopinangKopinangKopinangKopinangKopinangKopinangKopinangKopinang

KurupungKurupungKurupungKurupungKurupungKurupungKurupungKurupungKurupung

KurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukariKurupukari

KwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabanaKwabana

LethemLethemLethemLethemLethemLethemLethemLethemLethem

LindenLindenLindenLindenLindenLindenLindenLindenLinden

MabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabarumaMabaruma

MaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMaburaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdiaMahdia

MaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwakMaikwak

Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)Meril (disused)

MeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezeroMeretezero

Monkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey MountainMonkey Mountain

ManariManariManariManariManariManariManariManariManari

OgleOgleOgleOgleOgleOgleOgleOgleOgle

OrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikOrinduikParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoiParamakatoi

ParuimaParuimaParuimaParuimaParuimaParuimaParuimaParuimaParuima

PhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipaiPhillipai

PiraraPiraraPiraraPiraraPiraraPiraraPiraraPiraraPirara

Port KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort KaitumaPort Kaituma

Rose HallRose HallRose HallRose HallRose HallRose HallRose HallRose HallRose Hall

Sand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand CreekSand Creek

SkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldonSkeldon

SuramaSuramaSuramaSuramaSuramaSuramaSuramaSuramaSurama

TimehriTimehriTimehriTimehriTimehriTimehriTimehriTimehriTimehri

OkoOkoOkoOkoOkoOkoOkoOkoOko

MazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralliMazaralli

Kanuku Group

Bartica Assemblage

TRANS-AMAZONIAN TECTONO-THERMAL EVENT

Younger Granites

Barama-Mazaruni Super Group

Badidku Suite / Older Basic Rocks

Granitoids incl. diorite; Makarapan riebeckite granite, pyroxene granite

LOWER PROTERIZOIC SUPRACRUSTALS

Greenstone belts :mainly metasediments

Greenstone belts :mainly acid volcanics

Fault, shear zone, mylonite zone

Dyke

Ultramafics & layered gabbros; Kaburi anorthosite.

Small granitic intrusions associatedwith mineralisation e.g. Omai Stock

Gneissose syn-tectonic granite & diorite, migmatites

Granulites and charnockites

Greenstone belts :mainly intermediate metavolcanics

Greenstone belts :mainly mafic dykes, and sills or flows

High grade gneisses

Amphibolite facies schists, Kyanite schist

Takutu Formation

Apoteri Volcanics

Rewa Group

FORMATIONALNAMES

White Sand

Iwokrama and KuyuwiniFormations

Avanavero Suite

Muri Alkaline Suite

Roraima Group

Muruwa FormationFluviatile sand; cherty mudstone

Fluviatile sands and conglomerates.Thin bands of vitric tuff.

Gabbro-norite sills and large dikes

MIDDLE PROTEROZOIC

Nepheline syenites and inferred carbonatite

Sub-volcanic granites

Continental sands and silts, under thinTertiary cover

LITHOLOGY(Dominant)

LEGEND

Fluviatile & marine sands

TERTIARY & QUATERNARY DRIFT

Marine Clays

MESOZOIC :TAKUTU GRABEN

UPPER PROTEROZOIC

Acid/intermediate volcanics

Andesite flows

SYMBOLS

PIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPI


γγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmPlmγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγγ


vPIvPIvPIvPIvPIvPIvPIvPIvPIvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkbvPlkb



JJJJJJJJJ

PMPMPMPMPMPMPMPMPM






PSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλλ


PIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIπππππππππππππππππππππππππππππππππππππPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηη




PIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPI

PIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPI

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

updated by S. Nadeau Feb. 2010from L Heesterman June 2005

GUYANA

Geological MapOF

Guyana Geology and Mines Commission

Based on the the 1987 Geological Map of Guyana,updated using GGMC fieldwork 1999-2005, as well as historical maps examined during compilation of project reports.

50 Km250

1:1,000,000

For further information contact :Robeson Benn, Commissioner.Guyana Geology and Mines CommissionTel (592) 2252862, 2252865, 2253047Fax (592 2253047e-mail [email protected]

Roads

Main Route - Laterite RoadSealed RoadSecondary Road 4WDMain Access Route - Tractor / Bedford Truck

SOUTH AMERICA

GUYANA

CHILE URUGUAYARGENTINA

ATLANTICOCEAN

PACIFICOCEAN

PARAGUAY

SURINAMEFRENCH GUIANA

BRAZIL

COLOMBIA

EQUADOR

PERU

BOLIVIA

VENEZUELA

Geo Services February 2010

16-01COVER_Guyana.indd 16 28/06/2011 12:22

Guyana scr

Business

Transcript of Guyana scr