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EXCAVATIONEXCAVATIONCommon excavationCommon excavation

Hard material/rock excavationHard material/rock excavation

Payment on excavation is to bePayment on excavation is to be

made based on the method andmade based on the method andequipment usedequipment used

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COMMON EXCAVATIONCOMMON EXCAVATION Excavation in any material otherExcavation in any material other

than hard material/rock excavationthan hard material/rock excavation

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Hard Material/Rock ExcavationHard Material/Rock ExcavationHard Material/rock excavation shallHard Material/rock excavation shall

mean excavation in any materialmean excavation in any materialcannot be loosen by an excavatorcannot be loosen by an excavatorwith a minimum weight of 44 tonswith a minimum weight of 44 tons

and minimum engine rating 321 BHPand minimum engine rating 321 BHPThe excavator shall be in goodThe excavator shall be in goodrunning condition and operated byrunning condition and operated by

experience/qualified plant operatorexperience/qualified plant operatorskilled in the used of excavationskilled in the used of excavationequipmentequipment

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METHOD OF EXCAVATIONMETHOD OF EXCAVATION Excavation using track excavatorExcavation using track excavator

exceeding weight of 44 tons and engineexceeding weight of 44 tons and enginerating of 321 BHPrating of 321 BHP

Ripping using a tractor unitRipping using a tractor unit-- minimumminimum

operating weight of 37 tones and engineoperating weight of 37 tones and enginerating of 305 BHPrating of 305 BHP

Hydraulic rock breakerHydraulic rock breaker

Pneumatic toolsPneumatic tools Open BlastingOpen Blasting

Controlled blastingControlled blasting

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PROCEDURESPROCEDURES Trial ExcavationTrial Excavation

Method of measurementsMethod of measurements

Record KeepingRecord Keeping

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GUIDELINES FOR HARDGUIDELINES FOR HARD

MATERIAL/ROCK EXCAVATIONMATERIAL/ROCK EXCAVATION

NOTA TEKNIK (JALAN) 24/05

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION These guidelines are intended toThese guidelines are intended to

assist the Engineer in the approvalassist the Engineer in the approvalprocess to determine the method forprocess to determine the method for

excavation in rock/hard materialexcavation in rock/hard material..

Method of measurementMethod of measurement

Record keepingRecord keeping

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More than 8000 kN/m2

2000 to 8000 kN/m2

Less than 1000 kN/m2

Engineering Properties Strength Properties

(kN/m2)

2.

Fresh igneous rock, freshmetamorphic rock, fresh

limestone

Example : Granite, Basalt,Gabbros, Slate, Gneiss,

Marble

Some fresh shale, Moderatelyfractured & moderatelyweathered rock

Example : Granite,Sandstones, Schist,Slates

All type of general soil.Example : Clay, Peat, Loam,

Sand, Residual SoilGeological Features1.

RockHard MaterialSoilCriteriaNo

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (BS5930)

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150 to 400 m3 /day withhydraulic rock breaker.

400 m3 /day to 1000 m3 /day> 1000 m3 /dayEstimated Production Rate

(per machine)4.

Track type tractor with ripperexceeding weight 37tons and 305 BHP

Hydraulic rock breakerPneumatic toolsBlasting (Controlled and

Open)

Excavator more than 44 tonsand 321 BHP rating

Ripping using a tractor withminimum weight 37tons and 305 BHPrating

Pneumatic tools

Excavator of 44 tons and 321BHP with minimum

hydraulic pump capacityof 2x360 L / min andsuitable bucket size.

Suitable Machinery &Equipment

3.

> 2500 ms-1

More than 30%

1500 – 2500 ms-1

Less than 30 %

< 2000 ms-1

na

Engineering Properties

(Continue) Seismic Velocity (ms-1)

Rock Quality Designation(RQD)

2.

RockHard MaterialCommon ExcavationCriteriaNo

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Trial ExcavationTrial Excavation

MachineryMachineryExcavator 44 tons 321 BHP

Production rate >50m m3/hour

No hard material

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Trial ExcavationTrial Excavation

MachineryMachineryTractor 37 tons 305 BHP

Production rate >20 m3/hour

No Rock

Single Shank Ripper

penetration Force 120 Kn

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METHOD OF EXCAVATIONMETHOD OF EXCAVATIONHard MaterialHard Material

Excavator > 44 tons 321 BHP

Track Tractor with ripper 37 tons 305 BHP

Pneumatic tools

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Figure 1.0 – Tack Excavator44 Tons And 321BHP Rating

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Figure 2.0 - Track Type Tractor/Ripper37 Tons And 305BHP Rating

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Hard MaterialHard MaterialHard Material excavation is thatHard Material excavation is that

whereby the material cannot bewhereby the material cannot beexcavate using track excavator withexcavate using track excavator with

a mass of 44 tons and 321 BHPa mass of 44 tons and 321 BHP

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ROCK EXCAVATIONROCK EXCAVATIONHard material which cannot beHard material which cannot be

efficiently loosen by tractor withefficiently loosen by tractor withripper 37 tons and 305 BHPripper 37 tons and 305 BHP

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METHOD OF MESUREMENTMETHOD OF MESUREMENTCROSS SECTIONAL SURVEYCROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY

FLAT TERRAIN 2 TO 25 M

ROLLING TERAIN 2 TO 15 M

MOUNTAINOUS 2 TO 5 M

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TATACARA KUANTIFIKASI DANTATACARA KUANTIFIKASI DANBAYARAN KERJA PENGGALIANBAYARAN KERJA PENGGALIAN

BATU/BAHANKERASBATU/BAHANKERAS

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