GSA Data Repository Item 2016299 Hyland, E.G., Sheldon, N ... · S NRM 700 CBPM-24 100 200 300 400...
Transcript of GSA Data Repository Item 2016299 Hyland, E.G., Sheldon, N ... · S NRM 700 CBPM-24 100 200 300 400...
GSA Data Repository Item 2016299 Hyland, E.G., Sheldon, N.D., and Cotton, J.M., 2016, Constraining the early Eocene climatic optimum: A terrestrial interhemispheric comparison: GSA Bulletin, doi:10.1130/B31493.1.
DATA REPOSITORY
Figure DR1. Paleomagnetic data summary and examples
Figure DR2. Stratigraphic column of upper Cerro Bayo section with exemplar paleosol insets
Table DR1. Paleomagnetic data
Table DR2. Geochemical data and climate proxy results
Table DR3. Carbon isotope data from organic carbon analyses
Table DR4. Compilation of binned EECO proxy data (250 kyr bins) presented in Fig. 5
Data Repository for “Constraining the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum: a terrestrial interhemisphericcomparison” by Hyland et al., including Figures DR1-DR2 and Tables DR1-DR4.
Figure DR1. Paleomagnetic data including: A) stereoplot of ChRM directions with Fisher mean values, a95circles, and modern and Paleogene pole positions; B) example vector endpoint diagrams for demagnetized samples; and C) example thermal decay diagram for demagnetized samples.
A. B.
C.
00
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
60
30
TT (˚C)
A/m
(10
)
CBPM-22
UP/W
CBPM-20
N
NRM
700
100200
300400
500600
UP/W
S
NRM
700
CBPM-24
100
200300
400500 600
D = 358˚
Reversed
I = -39˚a95 = 13.5
D = 170˚
Normal
I = 33˚a95 = 12.8
Modern pole position (NGDC, 2014) Paleogene pole position (Prezzi and Alonso, 2002)
N = 11
N = 13
0
100
Stra
tigra
phic
hei
ght (
m)
20
80
120
60
40
LITH
MeallaFm.
MaizGordo
Fm.
SALMA
Itabo
raia
nPr
e-Ita
bor.
Figure DR2. Stratigraphic column of upper Cerro Bayo section with paleosol details. SouthAmerican land mammal age (SALMA) for the section is de�ned by Quattrocchio et al. (1997), Quattrocchio and Volkheimer (2000), Clyde et al. (2014) and Woodburne et al., (2014). Selectedpaleosols represent type soils for descriptive purposes, and are named for local landmarks.Paleosol classi�cations are based on the schemes of Mack et al. (1993) and the NRCS (2014).
Fluvial sandstones
Lacustrine mudstones
Paleosols
0
-1.8
Dep
th (m
) A
BgBt
C
0
-1.2
Dep
th (m
)
A
Bg
BkC
A
B?C
0
Dep
th (m
)
-0.6
Isonza type paleosol (Argillisol/Al�sol)
Amblayo type paleosol (Calcisol/Inceptisol)
Cardones type paleosol (Protosol/Entisol)
Root traces
Mottling
Clay slickens
Carb. nodulesBurrows
Table DR1. Paleomagnetic data
Sample name Height (m)a D (˚)b I (˚)b MAD (˚)
a Height refers to stratigraphic height from the base of the Maiz Gordo Fm.b D = declination; I = inclination* Values excluded from magnetostratigraphic analysis due to MAD >15˚
CBPM-1CBPM-2CBPM-3CBPM-4CBPM-5CBPM-6CBPM-7CBPM-8CBPM-9CBPM-10CBPM-11CBPM-12CBPM-13CBPM-14CBPM-15CBPM-16CBPM-17CBPM-18CBPM-19CBPM-20
CBPM-22CBPM-23CBPM-24CBPM-25
0.00.20.510.510.610.720.520.620.726.026.126.231.047.056.056.570.071.082.083.0
116.0125.5126.0128.0
299183141134160168189191340330343019180188212332344028016001
040161177151
-531232931304572-23-23-24-25103548-40-41-37-41-41
-59131530
28.3*8.95.88.714.711.82.37.813.33.411.410.84.514.38.19.27.810.15.79.5
4.010.88.29.0
VGP (˚lat)
27.2-81.3-51.0-46.0-69.6-75.7-81.7-57.067.058.869.768.5-70.0-80.7-61.364.375.363.975.388.2
53.5-64.1-72.4-61.5
CBPM-21 101.0 014 -52 75.67.2
Tabl
e D
R2. G
eoch
emic
al d
ata
a H
eigh
t ref
ers
to s
trat
igra
phic
hei
ght f
rom
bas
e of
the
Mai
z G
ordo
Fm
.b c d e *
Ana
lytic
al e
rror
= ±
0.5%
** A
naly
tical
err
or =
±0.
1%
Sam
ple
Hei
ght (
m)a
SiO
(wt%
)*A
lCa
O (w
t%)*
*M
gO (w
t%)*
*N
aK
TiO
Ti/A
lCI
A-K
bSA
LcPW
IdM
AP
(mm
/yr)
eM
AT1
(˚C)f
MAT
2 (˚C
)g
CBM
-P16
-BCB
MG
-P1-
BCB
MG
-P1-
ACB
MG
-P2-
BCB
MG
-P2-
ACB
MG
-P3-
CCB
MG
-P3-
BCB
MG
-P3-
ACB
MG
-P5-
BCB
MG
-P5-
ACB
MG
-P7-
BCB
MG
-P7-
ACB
MG
-P10
-CCB
MG
-P10
-BCB
MG
-P10
-ACB
MG
-P11
-CCB
MG
-P11
-BCB
MG
-P11
-ACB
MG
-P12
-BCB
MG
-P12
-A
-10.
012
.513
.020
.020
.555
.555
.756
.058
.558
.872
.572
.998
.599
.099
.510
2.5
103.
010
3.5
112.
011
2.4
× 10
0
× N
a)+(
1.66
× M
g)+(
5.54
× K
)+(2
.05
× Ca
)) ×
100
Base
d on
CIA
-K c
limof
unct
ion
of S
held
on e
t al.
(200
2)f
Base
d on
SA
L cl
imof
unct
ion
of S
held
on e
t al.
(200
2)g B
ased
on
PWI c
limof
unct
ion
of G
alla
gher
and
She
ldon
(201
3)
69.1
70.7
74.7
71.4
73.3
69.1
66.1
67.1
62.5
61.1
65.6
65.7
73.7
71.0
71.6
76.8
75.9
79.1
55.6
64.4
14.8
13.7
13.7
15.0
14.0
16.5
17.0
16.8
18.6
19.0
16.6
16.3
13.9
15.5
14.9
12.5
13.1
11.1
23.8
18.0
1.89
3.27
1.35
1.73
0.97
0.76
0.85
1.12
1.26
1.24
1.86
1.33
0.47
0.58
1.14
0.59
0.99
1.41
1.69
1.48
4.46
3.61
0.78
2.57
1.37
1.78
2.98
1.95
2.38
2.52
0.98
2.01
1.39
0.38
1.44
1.04
0.18
0.88
2.34
1.64
3.30
2.18
4.11
2.03
1.82
2.65
2.51
2.29
2.75
2.60
1.34
2.31
1.02
0.69
0.98
0.78
0.12
1.15
0.31
0.48
3.19
4.15
2.80
4.50
4.09
4.26
4.34
4.36
4.89
5.06
4.67
4.75
4.37
3.61
4.44
4.39
3.09
3.69
6.47
5.08
0.60
0.56
0.31
0.61
0.58
0.73
0.75
0.74
0.93
0.93
0.72
0.71
0.56
0.66
0.63
0.44
0.41
0.33
0.94
0.73
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
62.5
59.0
----
-69
.8--
---
----
-75
.1--
---
73.2
----
-74
.9--
---
----
-87
.6--
---
----
-86
.8--
---
86.9
----
-
0.60
0.59
----
-0.
55--
---
----
-0.
52--
---
0.53
----
-0.
44--
---
----
-0.
32--
---
----
-0.
27--
---
0.32
----
-
66.4
66.0
----
-57
.1--
---
----
-57
.9--
---
61.7
----
-47
.4--
---
----
-29
.6--
---
----
-23
.3--
---
56.0
----
-
758
706
----
-87
4--
---
----
-96
9--
---
934
----
-96
6--
---
----
-12
42--
---
----
-12
22--
---
1224
----
-
6.2
6.4
----
-7.
2--
---
----
-7.
7--
---
7.5
----
-9.
2--
---
----
-11
.3--
---
----
-12
.3--
---
11.5
----
-
9.9
9.9
----
-10
.3--
---
----
-10
.3--
---
10.1
----
-10
.8--
---
----
-12
.1--
---
----
-12
.8--
---
10.4
----
-
Table DR3. Carbon isotope data from organic carbon analyses
Sample name Height (m)a
a Height refers to stratigraphic height from base of the Maiz Gordo Fm.b Carbon isotope values are the average composition of ≥3 analyses* Analytical uncertainty is maintained at <0.1‰ for all analyses
δ C (‰)b* SD (‰)§ OC (wt%)
CBMG-P1CBMG-P2CBMG-P3CBMG-P4CBMG-P5CBMG-P6CBMG-P7CBMG-P8CBMG-P9CBMG-P10CBMG-P11CBMG-P12
13.020.556.057.058.871.272.975.082.499.5103.5112.4
0.020.040.030.010.030.020.030.030.020.020.050.01
0.110.171.180.310.200.140.220.170.250.080.180.21
-28.04-24.66-26.39-25.16-26.21-20.69-21.17-21.88-21.61-26.64-27.79-24.35
§ Standard deviation (S.D.) average = 0.27‰, or 0.18‰ with outlier (CBMG-P3) removed
Table DR4. Data averages from Figure 4 with sources
1) This work; 2) Hyland and Sheldon, 2013; 3) Royer et al., 2004; 4) Hollis et al., 2012 (Tex86 and Mg/Ca data); 5) Coccioni et al., 2010; 6) Zachos et al., 2008; 7) Dickens and Backman, 2013; 8) Hancock and Dickens, 2005 a) Baseline values recorded as average value for previous 5 Myr of data from Wilf (2000) and Krause et al. (2013). b) Baseline values recorded as average value for previous 2 Myr of data from same sources.
A
Atm. CO∆MAT (ter.)a
∆MAT (mar.)b
∆ C (ter.)c
∆ C (plank.)b
∆ C (benth.)b
Source B C D E F G H I J K L M N O Pn
(per bin)
36 (2.3)52 (3.3)50 (3.1)72 (4.5)94 (5.9)88 (5.5)
2, 314156, 7, 8
BINS (250 kyr)
3901.11.21.00.0-0.1
3402.01.82.2-0.2-0.65
5802.01.91.0-0.05-0.2
8003.02.82.0-0.5-0.35
12103.12.72.1-0.45-0.65
14004.22.94.2-0.55-0.65
4202.21.92.8-0.6-0.65
8604.02.54.0-0.7-0.5
4201.62.00.9-0.65-0.85
6001.20.90.9-0.7-1.15
4700.81.21.6-0.75-1.0
2601.20.61.4-0.55-0.8
3701.10.81.8-0.3-0.75
3801.10.80.2-0.25-0.6
4401.10.30.6-0.15-0.3
4601.00.30.50.0-0.15
Supplementary References
Clyde, W.C., Wilf, P., Slingerland, R.L., Barnum, T., Bijl, P.K., Bralower, T.J., Brinkhuis, H., Comer, E.E., Huber, B.T., Ibanez-Mejia, M., Jicha, B.R., Krause, J.M.,
Terra Nova, v. 24, p. 380-386.
Dickens, G.R., Backman, J., 2013, Core alignment and composite depth scale for the lower Paleogene through uppermost Cretaceous interval at Deep Sea
¹³
carbon dioxide: American Journal of Science, v. 299, p. 805-827.
Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M., and Ogg, G., 2012, The Geologic Time Scale 2012: Elsevier (Amsterdam, NED), pp. 1176.
Hollis, C.J., Taylor, K., Handley, L., Pancost, R., Huber, M., Creech, J., Hines, B., Crouch, E., Morgans, H., Crampton, J., Gibbs, S., Pearson, P., Zachos, J., 2012,
Hyland, E., and Sheldon, N.D., 2013, Coupled CO2Palaeoecology, v. 369, p. 125–135.
Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, v. 107, 1–18.
Volkheimer, W., and Smelka, A. (Eds.), Southern Hemisphere Paleo- and Neoclimates: Key sites, data and models, Springer (New York, USA), pp. 353–367.
v. 10, p. 1203–1206.
Royer, D.L., Berner, R., Montanez, I., Tabor, N., Beerling, D., 2004, CO2 as a primary driver of Phanerozoic climate: GSA Today, v. 14, p. 4-10.
Eocene-Oligocene boundary in Oregon: Journal of Geology, v. 110, p. 687–696.
v. 112, p. 292-307.
Woodburne, M.O., Goin, F.J., Bond, M., Carlini, A.A., Gelfo, J.N., Lopez, G.M., Iglesias, A., Zimicz, A.N., 2014, Paleogene land mammal faunas of South
DeCelles, P.G., Carrapa, B., Horton, B.K., Gehrels, G.E., 2011, Cenozoic foreland basin system in the Central Andes of northwestern Argentina: Implications for Andeangeodynamics and modes of deformation: Tectonics, v. 30, p. 6013-6043.
Marquillas, R.A., Del Papa, C., Sabino, I.F., 2005, Sedimentary aspects and paleoenvironmental evolution of a rift basin: Salta Group (Cretaceous-Paleogene), north-western Argentina: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 94, p. 94-113.