Establishing Positive Group CulturesDarren Grosch & Lindsey Ludwig

1. FormingGroup members learn about each other and the task at hand. Group is cautious and polite. Indicators: unclear objectives, uninvolvement, uncommitted members, confusion, low morale, hidden feelings, poor listening, etc.

4. PerformingMembers support each other, manage their group process easily. Group members reach a conclusion and implement the conclusion. Indicators: Creatively, initiative, flexibility, open relationships, pride, concerns for people, learning, confidence, high morale, successes

2. StormingAs members continue to work together, they engage each other in arguments about the structure of the group which often are significantly emotional and illustrate a struggle for status in the group. Indicators: lack of cohesion, hidden agendas, conflicts, resentment, confrontation, volatility, anger

5. AdjourningAs the group project ends, the group disbands in the adjournment phase

STAGE 1: FORMING STAGE 2: STORMING STAGE 3: NORMING STAGE 4: PERFORMING STAGE 4: ADJOURING

Build group rapport, plan trust building activities, show compassion & care, be patient, establish meaning, create culture of open communication

Set and maintain a positive tone, make sure ground rules are observed, one-on-one time, influence calm keep disagreements from becoming personal conflicts

Affirm the emerging norms, value differences of opinion, guide group through collaborative negotiation, encourage group norms

Provide good tools and techniques for the tasks, affirm their good work, stay out of the way when not needed

Speak one-on-one, stay attentive to group needs, prepare for the future, come together to celebrate, perform closing ceremony

3. NormingMembers move towards sense of belonging within the group. They demonstrate group-orientated behaviors. Members establish rules about how they will archive their goal and communicate how to access this goal. Indicators: Questioning performance, reviewing/clarify objective, changing/confirming roles, opening risky issues, assertiveness, listening, testing new ground, identifying strengths and weaknesses

Facilitator Tips & Suggestions