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à·ÇÇÔ·ÂÒ à¢Òà¢ÕÂ¹º·¤ÇÒÁÍÀÔ»ÃÒÂà¡ÕèÂÇ¡Ñº¤ÇÒÁà»š¹¹ºÕ áÅÐàÊ¹ÍËÅÑ¡à¡³±�·Ò§»ÃÑªÞÒ·ÕèãªŒáÂ¡áÂÐ¼ÙŒ·ÕèáÍºÍŒÒ§Ç‹Òµ¹àÍ§à»š¹¹ºÕã¹ª‹Ç§àÇÅÒÃ‹ÇÁÊÁÑÂ¡ÑºµÑÇà¢Ò »ÃÐà´ç¹àÃ×èÍ§¤ÇÒÁà»š¹¹ºÕ¹ÕéÊíÒ¤ÑÞ à¾ÃÒÐµÒÁËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃã¹ÈÒÊ¹ÒÍÔÊÅÒÁ ¹ºÕ¤×Í¼ÙŒ·Õèä´ŒÃÑº¡ÒÃàÅ×Í¡ÊÃÃ¨Ò¡ÍÑÅÅÍÎ�ãËŒà»š¹¼ÙŒ·íÒË¹ŒÒ·ÕèºÍ¡¢‹ÒÇ´ÕáÅÐµÑ¡àµ×Í¹Á¹ØÉÂ�ã¹ÂØ¤µ‹Ò§æ à¾×èÍãËŒÁ¹ØÉÂ�ÁÕË¹·Ò§·Õè´Õ§ÒÁã¹¡ÒÃ´íÒà¹Ô¹ªÕÇÔµã¹âÅ¡¹ÕéáÅÐä´ŒÃÑº¤ÇÒÁÃÍ´¾Œ¹ã¹âÅ¡Ë¹ŒÒ à¢ÒÂÑ§à¢ÕÂ¹àÍ¡ÊÒÃÇÔªÒ¡ÒÃª×èÍ “¡ÒÃËÒ·ÔÈ¡ÔºÅÐÎ�â´Â¡ÒÃ¤íÒ¹Ç³” ·ÔÈ¡ÔºÅÐÎ� (Qiblah) ¤×Í ·ÔÈ·Ò§·Õè¼ÙŒ·Õè¡íÒÅÑ§ÅÐËÁÒ´µŒÍ§ËÑ¹Ë¹ŒÒä» à»š¹·ÔÈ·ÕèµÑé§¢Í§¡ÐÍ�ºÐÎ�ã¹¹¤ÃÁÑ¡¡ÐÎ�

¼Å§Ò¹Í×è¹æ ÍÔº¹Ø ÍÑÅ-ÎÑÂÉÑÁ ÂÑ§ÁÕ¼Å§Ò¹Í×è¹æ ÍÕ¡ÁÒ¡ àª‹¹ àÍ¡ÊÒÃÇÔªÒ¡ÒÃª×èÍ “ÍÔ·¸Ô¾Å¢Í§·‹Ç§·íÒ¹Í§´¹µÃÕµ‹ÍÇÔÞÞÒ³¢Í§ÊÑµÇ�” µíÒÃÒÇ‹Ò ŒÇÂÊ¶Ò¹·Õè «Öè§ÁÕàÃ×èÍ§à¡ÕèÂÇ¡Ñº¡ÒÃà¤Å×èÍ¹·Õè¢Í§ÇÑµ¶Ø áÅÐ¤íÒÍ¸ÔºÒÂà¡ÕèÂÇ¡Ñº “Moon Illusion” ¡Å‹ÒÇ¤×Í »ÃÒ¡¯¡ÒÃ³�·ÕèàÃÒàËç¹´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ã�·ÕèÍÂÙ‹ã¡ÅŒ¢Íº¿‡ÒãËÞ‹¡Ç‹Ò´Ç§¨Ñ¹·Ã�·ÕèÍÂÙ‹ÊÙ§¢Öé¹ä» à»š¹µŒ¹

ÀÒ¾¢Í§ÍÔº¹Ø ÍÑÅ-ÎÑÂÉÑÁ º¹¸¹ºÑµÃÃÒ¤Ò 10 ´Ô¹ÒÃ�¢Í§ÍÔÃÑ¡

ÍÔº¹Ø ÎÑÅ-ÎÑÂÉÑÁ à»š¹ÁØÊÅÔÁ·Õèà¤Ã‹§¤ÃÑ´ áÅÐã¹¢³Ðà´ÕÂÇ¡Ñ¹¡çà»š¹»ÃÒªÞ�¼ÙŒáÊÇ§ËÒ¤ÇÒÁ¨ÃÔ§á·Œ´ŒÇÂÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒÃ·Õèà¢Òàª×èÍÁÑè¹ ¢ŒÍ¤ÇÒÁµ‹Íä»¹ÕéÊÐ·ŒÍ¹µÑÇµ¹¢Í§à¢Òà»š¹ÍÂ‹Ò§´Õ

“¢ŒÒ¾à ŒÒÁØ‹§ÁÑè¹¤Œ¹ËÒ¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒáÅÐ¤ÇÒÁ¨ÃÔ§ÍÂ‹Ò§äÁ‹Å´ÅÐ áÅÐ¢ŒÒ¾à¨ŒÒàª×èÍÇ‹Òã¹¡ÒÃà¢ŒÒã¡ÅŒ¾ÃÐà¨ŒÒáÅÐà¢ŒÒ¶Ö§¤ÇÒÁÂÔè§ãËÞ‹ÃØ‹§âÃ¨¹�áË‹§¾ÃÐÍ§¤�¹Ñé¹ äÁ‹ÁÕË¹·Ò§ã´·Õè´Õä»¡Ç‹Ò¡ÒÃ¤Œ¹ËÒÊÑ¨¨ÐáÅÐ¤ÇÒÁÃÙŒ”

áËÅ‹§¢ŒÍÁÙÅÍŒÒ§ÍÔ§ Ë¹Ñ§Ê×Í • The House of Wisdom à¢ÕÂ¹â´Â Jim Al-Khalili (¡Å‹ÒÇ¶Ö§ Ibn al-Haytham ã¹º·à¡ÕèÂÇ¡Ñº The Physicist Ë¹ŒÒ 152-171) • ÍÒÅÕ àÊ×ÍÊÁÔ§, ÍÒÃÂ¸ÃÃÁÍÔÊÅÒÁ (¡Å‹ÒÇ¶Ö§ ÍÔº¹Ø ÍÑÅ-ÎÑÂÉÑÁ ã¹º··Õè 8 ÇÔªÒ¿�ÊÔ¡Ê� Ë¹ŒÒ 268-276) • ºÃÃ¨§ ºÔ¹¡Ò«Ñ¹, ÊÒÃÒ¹Ø¡ÃÁÍÔÊÅÒÁ ©ºÑºàÂÒÇª¹áÅÐ¼ÙŒàÃÔèÁÊ¹ã¨ • ¾¨¹Ò¹Ø¡ÃÁÈÑ¾·�ÈÒÊ¹ÒÊÒ¡Å ÍÑ§¡ÄÉ-ä·Â ©ºÑºÃÒªºÑ³±ÔµÂÊ¶Ò¹ ¾ÔÁ¾�¤ÃÑé§·Õè ó (á¡Œä¢à¾ÔèÁàµÔÁ)

àÇçº • àÇçº Internatinal Year of Light and Light-based Technologies ·Õè http://www.light2015.org/Home.html • àÃ×èÍ§ Alhazen ·Õè http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alhazen • àÃ×èÍ§ Ibn Al-Haytham on Eye and Brain, Vision and Perception à¢ÕÂ¹â´Â Charles G. Gross ·Õè http://muslimheritage.com/article/ibn-al-haytham-eye-and-brain-vision-and-perception • àÃ×èÍ§ Alhazen’s problem ·Õè http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alhazen’s_problem • àÃ×èÍ§ Alhazen’s Billiard Problems ·Õè http://www2.washjeff.edu/users/mwoltermann/dorrie/41.pdf

Youtube • Ibn al-Haytham: The First Scientist ·Õè http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kN8Bv3x1o4M • 1001 Inventions and The Library of Secrets - starring Sir Ben Kingsley as Al-Jazari ·Õè http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZDe9DCx7Wk

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