Great Britain’s Future Problems Differing Belief System Colonists vs. England.
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Transcript of Great Britain’s Future Problems Differing Belief System Colonists vs. England.
Great Britain’s Future Problems
Differing Belief System
Colonists vs. England
Causes of Pontiac’s Rebellion
• Violation of previous treaties
• Settlers encroaching on land
• British treatment different
the French
Pontiac’s Rebellion 1763-1764
• Neolin, Delaware prophet – “They are our enemies, our brother’s enemies”
• Pontiac (Ottowa Chief), “we must unite and exterminate from our land those who wish to destroy us”
• Loss of Indian morale, loss of French aid, ammunition short supply – siege ended
Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)
Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)
British British ProclamationProclamation Line of 1763. Line of 1763.
Colonials Colonials Paxton Boys Paxton Boys (PA)(PA)
BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!BACKLASH!
Proclamation Act of 1763
Purpose: As a way to prevent future conflict between British and Native Americans
Points:1. Barred settlement west of Appla. Mts.
2. Fur-traders must gain permission Reactions:- Resentment by Land-Hungry settlers- Complete ignoring of the law
New Leaders in Great Britain
Sugar Act – Prime Minister Grenville
• Duty on foreign sugar, molasses
• Paying taxes was nothing new
- This act actually lowered the existing duty
• Smuggling cases sent to Britain – British crown heard the case– no trial by jury of peers
Sugar Act (cont.)
• Lowered business for merchants, ship builders
• Parliament response: “Pay part of the costs for securing the frontier”
Non-Importation Agreement: colonists agreed to boycott British goods in protest
Stamp Act
• Passed by Parliament in Great Britain “No Representation”• All printed matter• Sons of Liberty
– Protest (peaceful and violent)
– Public meetings– Boston members
Stamp Act Congress- Delegates of 9 colonies- Unified resistance
“Parliament has no right to tax us” – only colonial legislatures
Sons of Liberty
Virginia Resolves“Caesar had his brutus,Charles the First his CromwellAnd George the Third….”
Tar and Feathering
Other ActsQuartering Act 1765-66 Declaratory Act 1766
-William Pitt returns-Colonists overjoyed
Townshend Acts 1767-Glass, tea, paint, paper, tea-General writs of assistance – violation of privacy-Tax things imported to the colonies, not produced within the colonies
New Prime Minister in BritainChanges?
• Lord North– Repealed parts of Townshend Act– Allowed Quartering Act to expire– New law: Salaries of Governors and Judges
paid by Great BritainAfraid that Governors, Judges would be in the
“pocket of Great Britain”
Committees of Correspondence were created!
The Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre ((March 5,1770March 5,1770))
Tea Act Tea Act (1773)(1773)8 British East India Co.:British East India Co.:
§ Monopoly on Br. tea Monopoly on Br. tea imports.imports.
§ Many members of Many members of Parl. held shares.Parl. held shares.
§ Permitted the Co. to Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to sell tea directly to cols. without col. cols. without col. middlemen middlemen (cheaper tea!)(cheaper tea!)
8 Lord North expected the Lord North expected the cols. to eagerly choose cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.the cheaper tea.
Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party (1773)(1773)
What were the differing views held by colonists to this event?
The Coercive or IntolerableThe Coercive or IntolerableActs Acts (1774)(1774)
Lord NorthLord North
1.1. Port Bill Port Bill
2.2. Government Government ActAct
4.4.New Quartering New Quartering ActAct
Unified colonists Unified colonists more than ever – more than ever – “threat to colonial “threat to colonial liberty”liberty”
3.3.Administration of Administration of Justice ActJustice Act
The Quebec Act The Quebec Act (1774)(1774)
First Continental Congress First Continental Congress (1774)(1774)
56 delegates from 12 colonies – 56 delegates from 12 colonies – Convention – no lawmaking authorityConvention – no lawmaking authority
AgendaAgenda: How to : How to respond to the respond to the Coercive Acts Coercive Acts and Quebec and Quebec Acts?Acts?
Agenda
September 5 to October 26, 1774
Final Resolves:– Expressed loyalty to Great Britain– Continue to boycott English goods– Right to legislate themselves– Meet again in 1775 if their demands are not
met
Last Attempts…Last Attempts…
March 23, 1775
- 1775, William Pitt pleaded toParliament to treat the colonists likeTrue sons, not “bastard children”-Edmund Burke (House of Commons)– pleaded for Conciliation“Great Empires and little minds go Ill together”- Parliament refused to listen!!!
The British Are The British Are Coming Coming . . .. . .
Paul ReverePaul Revere, , William DawesWilliam Dawes & & Samuel Samuel PrescottPrescott make their rides to warn the make their rides to warn the
MinutemenMinutemen of approaching British of approaching British soldiers.soldiers.
The Shot Heard The Shot Heard ’’Round the Round the WorldWorld!!
LexingtonLexington & & ConcordConcord – April 19,1775 – April 19,1775
Captain Jonas (John) Parker – “Don’t fire unless fired Captain Jonas (John) Parker – “Don’t fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have war, let it begin upon, but if they mean to have war, let it begin here.”here.”
Major John Pitcairn – Lay down your arms and Major John Pitcairn – Lay down your arms and disperse, you damn rebels”disperse, you damn rebels”
The road back to Boston – highway of death for the The road back to Boston – highway of death for the regularsregulars
The Second The Second Continental Continental
CongressCongress(opens in May, 1775)(opens in May, 1775)Raise Army, Raise Army,
Appoint Appoint Commander, Commander, Olive Branch Olive Branch
PetitionPetition
Siege of Boston
• British General Howe - Bunker Hill (actually fought on Breeds Hill)
• Patriot retreat, but over 1100 British killed or wounded
• Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold take Ft. Ticonderoga
• Henry Knox – cannons captured at Ft. Ticonderoga
• Patriots capture Dorchester Hts
Common Sense – Thomas Paine
Continental Congress• First Contintental Congress
– Declaration and Resolves– Continental Association– Petition to the King
• Second Continental Congress – Olive Branch Petition– Declaration of the Causes and
Necessity of Taking Up Arms– Declaration of Independence– Model Treaty– Articles of Confederation
June 7, 1776
• Common Sense, Jan. 1776
• June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee proposed 3 prong resolution – form committees
• Declaring Independence Committee– John Adams, Ben Franklin, Robert Livingston,
Roger Sherman, Thomas Jefferson
Declaration of Declaration of Independence Independence
resolution resolution (July 2, (July 2, 1776)1776)
Independence Hall Independence Hall
WHY WAS THE SLAVERY PARAGRAPH REMOVED?