Graphic Element

7/30/2019 Graphic Element

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Types of Lines

Construction of Lines

Exercises

Lines Division

Graphic Elements


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In learning about geometry, graphic elementsplay a significant role in producing a drawing.Graphic elements consist of the point, line andplane.

Point

Line

Plane

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Point Characteristics - Two intersecting shortlines or curves

Point - in engineering drawing a point is defined

as the point of intersecting between two lines or

arcs. Examples of points are shown

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A line is formed when a point over in a certain

direction. A line can be straight or curved

according to its traced direction.

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A plane is an imagined surface. To understand theconcept of plane, imagine a person is standing

upright and his feet are on a horizontal plane

formed when a point over in a certain direction. A

line can be straight or curved according to its

traced direction. A plane is normally shown as a

smooth surface and does not have thickness.

VERTICAL PLANE

HORIZONTAL PLANE

INCLINE PLANE

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Horizontal Line Characteristics:

- A horizontal line is at 0.

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Vertical Line Characteristics:

- A line that is a at 90 to the Horizontal Line

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Inclined Line Characteristics:

- Is at 0 from the reference line

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Curve Characteristics:

- Does have a radius

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Arc Characteristics:

- Has the radius R

R

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Perpendicular Lines Characteristics:

- Intersect each other at 90

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Parallel Lines Characteristics:

- Have equal distance between them along their

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Non-Parallel Lines Characteristics:

- Have varying distance between them along their

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Perpendicular Lines

Parallel Lines

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Perpendicular lines are two lines which

intersect each other at a right angle, or 90.

(a) Constructing a Perpendicular

Line from a Point Outside of

the Line

(b) Constructing a PerpendicularLine at the End of a Line

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*Click*

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Given a point P,

located outside a

line.

P

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Centered at P, draw

arcs intersecting at

C and D.

P

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Centered at C and

D, draw arcsintersecting at F.

P

F BACK TO LINKS


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P

F

Draw the line PF.

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Given a straight lineAB

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Centered at O, draw a circle trough

the point B and intersecting at C.

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Draw the line CO and extend to D.

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Draw the line DB.

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Parallel lines are two or more lines, which have the same

distance between them along their length. Parallel lines

maybe straight or curved lines.

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Given a line ab and the

distance between lines as s

s

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Construct two

perpendicular lines on

the line.

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Draw arcs with the radius s

intersecting at point M and N.

ss

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Draw the line MN. MN is parallel to AB

s

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(a) Line Division

(b) Dividing a Line into

Several EqualParts

A B1

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Given the straight line AB

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Centered at A, construct arcs C and D

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Centred at B, construct arcs as in A

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The line CD bisects the line AB at E

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Given the straight line AB.

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From the point A, draw a line inclined toAB. Mark five equal parts on the line.

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Draw a line from point 5 to B.

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Draw lines parallel to 5B through the points1,2,3 and 4. Mark the points on the line AB.

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Question 1

Question 2

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Answer

Draw a line XY which parallel with line AB with

length=g

EXERCISES

g


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EXERCISES

Answer

Draw a perpendicular line from point P.

P


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g g

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g

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P

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P

F

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P

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Graphic Element

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