GRANTON TECH VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2files.campuslogin.com/Courses/3600/1566 Veterinary Science...

GRANTON TECH

VETERINARY

SCIENCE:

PART 2

1566STUDY INSTRUCTIONS FOR

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CORRESPONDENCE COURSE 1566 8 LESSONS 8 EXAMINATIONS

GRANTON TECH

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COPYRIGHT © 2010 BY GRANTON TECH

VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2 COURSE CODE 1566

GRANTON TECHPAGE 2 OF 61

VETERINARY SCIENCE:PART 2



CONTENTS

PageINTRODUCTION: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6ObjectiveLearning ProcedureSubmissions and EvaluationCertificationPrerequisiteDurationHoursSubmissionsCorrespondence CourseMaterials

HOW TO START . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

STUDY SEQUENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

PROGRESS REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

LESSONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

SUMMARY OF COURSE CONTENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

SELF-TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-35

SELF-TEST ANSWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-37

EXAMINATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-61

TrademarksSome of the product names and company names used in this course andaccompanying textbooks have been used for identification purposes only

and may be trademarks of their respective manufacturers and sellers.



INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE

On completion of this course you will be able to answer questions and solveproblems in veterinary science. The course covers comparative anatomy andphysiology, nutrition, diseases and surgery for: dogs and cats, cattle, horses,sheep, goats and pigs. Contents of this course are used daily, on the job, byveterinarians and their aides and assistants as well as pet owners and stockfarmers.

LEARNING PROCEDURE

Your instruction is based on Granton's system of "learning by doing." Study thetext with a pencil in your hand, making sure that you underline key items. As youread the text, make separate notes as necessary. Additional instructions are givenfor each lesson and assignment. Your examination consists of completing theexamination questions presented on the pages to follow.

SUBMISSIONS AND EVALUATION

The examinations are open book. You are being examined not only on yourmemory but also on your ability to find the correct facts and to apply them. Yourexamination consists of completing the examination questions developed fromeach Chapter.

CERTIFICATION

On successful completion of this course you will receive access to certification.



PREREQUISITE

There is no formal prerequisite, however, students are expected to have completedGranton's "Veterinary Science: Part 1" course or have equivalent experience. Furthermore, this is an adult program and we require our students to be 19 years orolder unless they are Grade XII graduates, and have taken a previous Grantoncourse, or have authorization from their parents or their employers to take thecourse.

DURATION

Students would be expected to spend two full evenings on each lesson.8 study sessions, 8 examinations, 8 submissions. For optimum progress werecommend you aim to complete one exam per week.

HOURS

Our experience suggests that this subject may be completed in 80 study hours or 8weeks if you submit 1 exam each week. However, you may require more or lesstime depending on your previous education, experience and intensity of study.



CORRESPONDENCE COURSE MATERIALS

LESSONSTEXTANDSTATIONERY

STUDYINSTRUCTIONS

Study instructionsand examinationsCourse 156580 PagesEdition 12.88 1/2 × 11 inches

REFERENCETEXT

Introduction toVeterinary Science –2nd Edition (2009)Author: James ALawhead and MeeceeBakerPublisher: Delmar,Cengage Learning351 pages11 × 8 1/2 inchesRGL: 10.3ISBN: 978-1-4283-1225-8



HOW TO START

You are to work through the text page by page, chapter by chapter.

As you work through each chapter underline important items with your pencil. Work through the chapters until you reach an examination.

The Granton tutorial staff will answer questions you may have as you workthrough your lessons. In order for us to serve you better, please ensure yourquestions are specific. Noting the examination question number and the text pagewhere you are having problems will help us solve your problems quickly andefficiently.



STUDY SEQUENCEVETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2 COURSE CODE 1566

GrantonLessonNumber

Lesson 12

Lesson 13

Lesson 14

Lesson 15

Lesson 16

Lesson 17

Lesson 18

Lesson 19

TextbookChapter

Chapter 12:

Chapter 13:

Chapter 14:

Chapter 15:

Chapter 16:

Chapter 17:

Chapter 18:

Chapter 19:

Topic to be Studied

Basic Nutrients

Species Comparison

Principles of Infectious Disease

Disease Prevention

Classification of Diseases

Zoonoses

Diagnosis of Disease

Principles of Surgery

GrantonExamNumber

1566-12

1566-13

1566-14

1566-15

1566-16

1566-17

1566-18

1566-19

Grade%

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PROGRESS REPORTVETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2 COURSE CODE 1566

Record of Progress

GrantonLesson Number/ Examination Number

DateStarted

DateCompleted

TotalDays

Timeon

Lesson

Time on

ExamTotalTime

GradeExpected

GradeAwarded

Lesson 1/ Examination 1566-01










LESSON 12

BASIC NUTRIENTS

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

On completion of this lesson you will be able to:

23. quote the proportion of the body composed of water

24. list four fat-soluble vitamins

INSTRUCTION Read and carefully study Chapter 12 in your text.

Complete Examination 1566-12.

SELF-TEST AND KNOWLEDGE REINFORCEMENT

Complete the self-test questions provided in these instruction notes.

DO NOT SUBMIT your solutions to your instructor for evaluation.

Check your Self-test answers against the key provided in these instruction notes.

VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2EXAMINATION 1566-12

After completing lesson 12, answer the questions of Examination 1566-12 which appear at the end of theinstruction notes.

Continue to lesson 13.



LESSON 13

SPECIES COMPARISON

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


25. quote the water content of semi-moist pet food

26. list the three types of feed available for dogs and cats












LESSON 14

PRINCIPLES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


27. give an example of an arthropod

28. list the four major classes of infectious disease-causing agents












LESSON 15

DISEASE PREVENTION

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


29. name a common side effect of vaccination

30. list the symptoms of equine infectious anemia












LESSON 16

CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


31. state whether antifreeze is toxic if ingested by a dog

32. explain how oral administration of activated charcoal aids in removal of toxins












LESSON 17

ZOONOSES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


33. define: toxoplasmosis

34. state the best defense against e. coli infection












LESSON 18

DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASE

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


35. state how an enlarged prostate can be determined in a dog

36. list specific information found in the signalment












LESSON 19

PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES


37. state how high the temperature in an autoclave rises when instruments are being sterilized

38. explain why surgeons should hold their hands higher than their elbows when scrubbing









This is your last "Veterinary Science: Part 2" exam.



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SUMMARY OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of Veterinary Science: Part 2 you will be able to:

23. quote the proportion of the body composed of water

24. list four fat-soluble vitamins

25. quote the water content of semi-moist pet food

26. list the three types of feed available for dogs and cats

27. give an example of an arthropod

28. list the four major classes of infectious disease-causing agents

29. name a common side effect of vaccination

30. list the symptoms of equine infectious anemia

31. state whether antifreeze is toxic if ingested by a dog

32. explain how oral administration of activated charcoal aids in removal of toxins

33. define: toxoplasmosis

34. state the best defense against e. coli infection

35. state how an enlarged prostate can be determined in a dog

36. list specific information found in the signalment

37. state how high the temperature in an autoclave rises when instruments are being sterilized

38. explain why surgeons should hold their hands higher than their elbows when scrubbing



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SUMMARY OF COURSE CONTENT

Lesson 12NutritionBasic NutrientsG NutrientsG Clinical Practice

Lesson 13Species ComparisonG Animal NutritionG Pet Food LabelsG Equine Nutrition and Fiber

DigestionG Ruminant Nutrition and Fiber

DigestionG Clinical Practice

Lesson 14DiseasesPrinciples of Infectious DiseaseG Koch’s PostulatesG Disease AgentsG Clinical Practice

Lesson 15Disease PreventionG Disease PreventionG VaccinesG Clinical Practice

Lesson 16Classification of DiseasesG Disease in Clinical Practice

Lesson 17ZoonosesG Zoonotic DiseasesG Clinical Practice

Lesson 18Diagnosis of DiseaseG Disease DiagnosisG Clinical Practice

Lesson 19SurgeryPrinciples of SurgeryG Principles of SurgeryG Laceration HealingG Surgical ConsiderationsG Decision Making in Veterinary

ScienceG Career Focus

Text: Introduction to Veterinary Science – 2nd Edition (2009)Author: James A Lawhead and Meecee BakerPublisher: Delmar, Cengage Learning



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SELF-TESTS

SELF-TEST 1566-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-22

SELF-TEST 1566-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23-24

SELF-TEST 1566-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-26

SELF-TEST 1566-15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-28

SELF-TEST 1566-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-30

SELF-TEST 1566-17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31-32

SELF-TEST 1566-18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-34

SELF-TEST 1566-19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35-37



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SELF-TEST 1566-12

True/False

T F 1. Oils remain solid at room temperature.

T F 2. Animal fat deposits provide an energysource.

T F 3. Animal fat deposits do not provideinsulation for the animal.

T F 4. Animal fat deposits do not provideprotection of the internal organs.

T F 5. One kilocalorie equals 1,000 calories.

T F 6. About 95% of the body is composed ofwater.

T F 7. Sweating serves to cool the body.

T F 8. Fats are a source of dietary fiber.

T F 9. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides.

T F 10. Slow growth is a physical characteristic of aprotein deficiency.

T F 11. Low body weight is a physical characteristicof a dietary fiber deficiency.

T F 12. A lackluster hair coat is a physicalcharacteristic of a protein deficiency.

T F 13. Kcal or C represents kilocalories or 100calories.

T F 14. Lactating animals require more water intakethan nonlactating animals.

T F 15. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin.

T F 16. Most feedstuffs would be in the 95% to 98%dry matter range.

T F 17. Salt toxicity occurs more often in cattle thanin swine.

T F 18. Ruminants can digest fiber.

T F 19. Dry matter is the percentage of feedremaining after hydration.

T F 20. Health requirements for livestock exhibitionare consistent across the United States.

T F 21. All ruminants including cattle and sheepshould be fed the identical ration.

T F 22. An increase in dietary fiber generallydecreases flatulence.

CompletionComplete each sentence or statement.

23. Carbohydrates provide __________________________________ to maintain blood sugar levels.

24. __________________________________________ are the simplest carbohydrates.

25. Adding __________________________________________ to the diet reduces both diarrhea and constipation.

26. Proteins are composed of chains of ____________________________________________.

27. Addition of ___________________________________________ generally adds palatability to food.

28. Minerals divide into two categories classified as ________________________________ and

________________________________________________.




29. ________________________________________ amino acids can be manufactured in the body.

30. ___________________________________________________ amino acids cannot be manufactured in the body.

31. Dietary ____________________________________________ is essential to the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

32. Antioxidants neutralize _________________________________________________ radicals.

33. In the body, copper is stored in the _________________________________________________.

34. Cats eating only dog food can become deficient in ________________________________________________.

35. _______________________________________________ is the most essential nutrient.

36. A beam hook can assist the veterinarian in treating cattle's _________________________________________.

37. Polysaccharides are made of long chains of ____________________________________________.

38. Oils are ______________________________________________ at room temperature.

39. Fats are ________________________________________ at room temperature.

40. A _______________________________________ is a unit of measure used to define the amount of energy in food.




True/False

T F 1. Animals that bolt their feed eat very slowly.

T F 2. To develop a diet, a veterinarian firstconsiders the needs of a resting animal in acomfortable environment.

T F 3. A lactating animal has higher nutritionalneeds than the same animal when it is notlactating.

T F 4. The maintenance energy requirement istypically six times that of the resting energyrequirement for an animal.

T F 5. Cats are carnivores.

T F 6. Horses prefer to eat one large meal daily.

T F 7. The adult rumen in cattle can hold 40gallons.

T F 8. Working draft horses have the samenutritional needs as draft horses that are notworking.

T F 9. A cat's maintenance energy requirement(MER) is less than the resting energyrequirement (RER).

T F 10. Canned pet food contains about 25% water.

T F 11. Semimoist pet food contains about 30%water.

T F 12. Dry pet food contains about 10% to 14%water.

T F 13. Ingredients are listed on a pet food labelstarting with the lowest inclusion ingredient.

T F 14. Supplements are not needed for healthyanimals consuming a balanced diet.

T F 15. A horse kept outside in the winter has agreater nutritional need than one kept in abarn during cold winter months.

T F 16. Bacteria reside in the horse's gut.

T F 17. There are three compartments in a ruminantstomach.

T F 18. Ruminants frequently vomit.

T F 19. Cows typically gain weight in the twomonths following calving.

T F 20. Horses sometimes will chew on woodenstalls.

T F 21. Ruminants can digest lignin.

T F 22. A horse's stomach is relatively smallcompared to a cow's rumen.

T F 23. Cats and dogs can thrive on the same ration.

T F 24. The ribcage should be smaller than theabdomen in dogs.

T F 25. Pet food labels list the manufacturer's nameand address.


26. A _________________________________________ feeding system can help quiet confined dogs.

27. In general, the water content of ________________________________________ pet food is about 30%.

28. Dogs generally prefer ____________________________________________ food.

29. Fiber fermentation in the horse's digestive tract occurs in the _____________________________________.




30. Filing the sharp edges of a horse's teeth is called ____________________________________________.

31. Simple sugars fed to a cow are utilized in the ______________________________________________.

32. Having feed available at all times is called a ____________________________________________ diet.

33. Excessive energy consumed by an animal is converted to ___________________________________________.

34. Of the three types of pet food, ________________________ food is generally the least expensive on a dry matter basis.

35. The outer appearance of an animal is described by the term _____________________________________ condition.

36. Roughage should comprise at least ____________________________________________ of the horse's diet.

37. On average, it takes about ______________________________ hours for feed to pass through a horse's intestinal tract.

38. Belching is another term for _________________________________________.

39. VFA stands for _____________________________________ fatty _______________________________________.

40. _________________________________________ from microbial digestion is found on the top layer of the rumen.

41. Young ruminants actually function as _________________________________________.




True/False

T F 1. Horses typically have poor muscle tone intheir tongues.

T F 2. Bacteria are multicelled organisms.

T F 3. Fungi contain chlorophyll.

T F 4. Botulism is a result of an exotoxin.

T F 5. Koch investigated anthrax while developinghis postulates.

T F 6. Not all infectious diseases are contagious.

T F 7. Dryness generally lengthens the ability of amicroorganism to survive.

T F 8. Gram positive bacteria accept the blue stain ofcrystal violet.

T F 9. Endospores are generally hardy.

T F 10. Endotoxins are released when viruses die.

T F 11. Viruses can replicate on their own outside of ahost.

T F 12. Ringworm is an external parasite.

T F 13. Tapeworms are round.

T F 14. Alexander Fleming first wrote aboutpenicillin.

T F 15. Bacillus anthracis can form endospores.

T F 16. Most fungi are spore formers.

T F 17. Bacteria are eukaryotic cells.

T F 18. Viruses have cell walls.


19. Koch's postulates contain ___________________________________________ principles.

20. Transduction requires the transmission of bacterial DNA by a _________________________________________.

21. Ringworm is caused by a _______________________________________________.

22. ______________________________________________ are the external parasites that transmit Lyme Disease.

23. The suffix -cidal means antimicrobials that ____________________________________________ microorganisms.

24. A Gram __________________________________________ bacteria causes coliform mastitis.

25. "The infectious agent should be detectable in sick animals, but not healthy animals" is one of the

_____________________________________ postulates.

26. Thin yellowish milk secretion is a sign of ___________________________________________ mastitis.

27. Replication of bacteria can occur in less than _____________________________________ minutes.

28. Anaerobes only grow in environments lacking _____________________________________.




29. Spherical bacteria are called ____________________________________________.

30. Nucleic acid type serves as a means of sorting _________________________________________.

31. Zearalenone (toxin) can mimic the hormone ____________________________________________.

32. _____________________________________ is the suffix that describes antimicrobials that slow the rate of growth formicroorganisms.

33. Tetanus is introduced into the body through a __________________________________________.

34. Water is an example of a(n) ___________________________________________ environment.

35. Mycoplasma bacteria lack a cell ___________________________________________.

36. A systemic infection affects the __________________________________________.




True/False

T F 1. Stress in animals requires conscious thought.

T F 2. Older animals have higher immunity levelsthan younger animals.

T F 3. All vaccinations offer complete protectionfrom the intended disease.

T F 4. There is no vaccine against canine distemper.

T F 5. Vaccinations negatively affect a dairy cow'smilk production.

T F 6. Modified live vaccine should not berefrigerated.

T F 7. Kennel cough is wet and productive.

T F 8. A vaccine exists for kennel cough.

T F 9. In most states, veterinarians begin practicingimmediately on graduation from a veterinaryschool.

T F 10. Air in barns should be ventilated from older toyounger animals to reduce the chance ofdisease transmission.

T F 11. Summertime ventilation rates should be higherthan wintertime ventilation rates.

T F 12. Modified live vaccines are typically viral.

T F 13. Booster shots should be given the day afteradministration of a killed vaccine.

T F 14. Medications can affect immunity level.

T F 15. Epinephrine levels decrease during stress.

T F 16. Overcrowding causes stress in animals.

T F 17. Booster shots should follow administration ofa killed vaccine between two and eight weeksafter the initial vaccination.


18. A ____________________ shot must be given a month or so after administration of a killed vaccine in order to elicit amemory response.

19. An animal newly introduced to a herd should be quarantined for _____________________________________ weeks.

20. Common side effects of vaccination include __________________________ and _____________________________.

21. As stress levels rise in animals, activity levels of the sympathetic nervous system ______________________________.

22. Hyperadrenocorticism is also known as _____________________________________ disease.

23. The goal of farm-based _____________________________________ programs is to establish herd immunity.

24. Natural infections and vaccines produce ______________________________________ immunity.

25. Equine infectious anemia is a ____________________________________ disease.




26. Veterinarians sanitize boots and hands between farm visits to decrease spread of _____________________________from farm to farm.

27. Anaphylaxis is the most serious potential side effect of _______________________________________.

28. In most states, veterinary school graduates pass the __________________________________________ exam beforepracticing veterinary medicine.

29. Hyperadrenocorticism is associated with chronically elevated levels of _____________________________________.

30. ____________________________________ and __________________________ are two animal sources of ammonia.

31. __________________________________________ immunity occurs with the ingestion of colostrum by a newborn.

32. Practices designed to protect the health status of a herd by limiting the introduction of disease are referred to as

___________________________________________.




True/False

T F 1. By law, veterinarians can give medical adviceto humans since humans are animals.

T F 2. Automobile antifreeze is toxic to dogs.

T F 3. Hemophilia falls into the anomaly diseasecategory.

T F 4. Benign tumors can be damaging even thoughthey do not spread to other parts of the body.

T F 5. Vomiting should be induced in all cases oftoxin ingestion.

T F 6. An infectious agent or toxin causing a birthdefect is easily classified as a degenerativedisease.

T F 7. A nutritional problem resulting in a metabolicdisease cannot be easily placed into a diseasecategory.

T F 8. Liposarcoma is an example of a benign tumor.

T F 9. Surgery can result in iatrogenic disease.

T F 10. All toxins can be treated with specificantidotes.

T F 11. An apple is more toxic than a large quantity ofapple seeds.

T F 12. The anomaly of six toes on a cat causesclinical problems.

T F 13. Surgery will remedy a strangulated hernia.

T F 14. A mammary gland adenoma is malignant.


15. The risk of tumors ________________________________________ with age.

16. ______________________________________________ describes all of the processes that occur within the animal.

17. Diabetes can be classified as a(n) _______________________________________________ disorder.

18. Arthritis is a ____________________________________________________ disease.

19. The suffix _____________________________________________ means benign.

20. Vitamin ________________________ is one possible antidote to ingestion of rat or mouse poison that causes bleeding.

21. Hypothyroidism is a(n) ________________________________________ disease.

22. The wilted leaves of a cherry tree contain _________________________________________ that can be quite toxic.

23. Diseases that cannot be explained by current medical knowledge are called __________________________________.

24. Inflammation throughout the abdomen is called ___________________________________________.

25. A _____________________________________ occurs when cells grow in an uncontrolled manner.




26. The ketone called ________________________________________ carries the distinct odor of nail polish remover.

27. Being hit by a car can be categorized as a __________________________________________ disease.

28. Tumor cells can be spread through the ______________________________ or ______________________________.

29. A rigid support, which keeps a bandage from bending, is called a ____________________________________.




True/False

T F 1. Larva migrans is another name for creepingeruption.

T F 2. Fish serve as the definitive host ofToxoplasma gondii.

T F 3. Rabies is a bacterial disease.

T F 4. There is no available treatment for a humanwho has presented with clinical signs ofrabies.

T F 5. Ringworm infections are generally square inshape.

T F 6. Properly cooking food is the best defense forprevention of E. coli.

T F 7. Twenty percent of the United Statespopulation works directly with farm animals.

T F 8. Hookworms are visceral larva migrans.

T F 9. Self-limiting diseases require treatment.

T F 10. Rabies is easily cured with antibiotictreatment.

T F 11. Kittens are more likely to carry cat scratchfever.

T F 12. Q fever always results in death in afflictedhumans.

T F 13. Intestinal anthrax is most common inlivestock.

T F 14. Cutaneous anthrax is most dangerous tohumans.

T F 15. It is common practice in the United States tofeed meat and bone meal to sheep to cattle.

T F 16. Oocysts are a type of egg.

T F 17. Homogenization minimizes the risk ofpathogens in milk.

T F 18. In a rabid animal, the virus sheds in the feces.

T F 19. Vaccines exist for rabies.

T F 20. Ringworm is a fungal infection.


21. Salmonella is caused by a __________________________________________ infection.

22. Visceral larva migrans is the disease associated with ______________________________________ larvae invasion.

23. Hydrophobia is another name for ________________________________________________.

24. ____________________________________________ fever is caused by the gram negative Bartonella henselae.

25. _____________________________________________________ disease is another name for listeriosis.

26. In order to prevent ____________________________, red meat should be cooked to an internal temperature of 160ºF.

27. ______________________________________________ diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans.

28. Viscera describes __________________________________________________________.




29. _______________________________________ are the definitive hosts in toxoplasmosis.

30. Circular hair loss and scaling are the clinical signs of _____________________________________, a fungal disease.

31. Eastern, Western, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis are all caused by __________________________ viruses.

32. _____________________________ disease is a human disease classified as a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.

33. ___________________________ are abnormally shaped protein molecules that cause transmissible spongiform

encephalopathic diseases.

34. ______________________ is used to sanitize milk in an effort to kill pathogens that cause brucellosis and tuberculosis.

35. ______________________________________ is also called Bang's disease or undulant fever in humans.

36. Severe ________________________________ is the most significant clinical sign of Salmonella.

37. Less than _____________________________________ of the population in the United States works with farm animals.

38. Cutaneous larva migrans results from infection of __________________________________ larvae.




True/False

T F 1. Larva migrans is another name for creepingeruption.

T F 2. Fish serve as the definitive host ofToxoplasma gondii.

T F 3. Rabies is a bacterial disease.

T F 4. There is no available treatment for a humanwho has presented with clinical signs ofrabies.

T F 5. Ringworm infections are generally square inshape.

T F 6. Properly cooking food is the best defense forprevention of E. coli.

T F 7. Twenty percent of the United Statespopulation works directly with farm animals.

T F 8. Hookworms are visceral larva migrans.

T F 9. Self-limiting diseases require treatment.

T F 10. Rabies is easily cured with antibiotictreatment.

T F 11. Kittens are more likely to carry cat scratchfever.

T F 12. Q fever always results in death in afflictedhumans.

T F 13. Intestinal anthrax is most common inlivestock.

T F 14. Cutaneous anthrax is most dangerous tohumans.

T F 15. It is common practice in the United States tofeed meat and bone meal to sheep to cattle.

T F 16. Oocysts are a type of egg.

T F 17. Homogenization minimizes the risk ofpathogens in milk.

T F 18. In a rabid animal, the virus sheds in the feces.

T F 19. Vaccines exist for rabies.

T F 20. Ringworm is a fungal infection.


21. Salmonella is caused by a ____________________________________________ infection.

22. Visceral larva migrans is the disease associated with _______________________________________ larvae invasion.

23. Hydrophobia is another name for ________________________________________________.

24. __________________________________________ fever is caused by the gram negative Bartonella henselae.

25. __________________________________________________ disease is another name for listeriosis.

26. In order to prevent _____________________________, red meat should be cooked to an internal temperature of 160ºF.

27. ______________________________________________ diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans.

28. Viscera describes ________________________________________________.




29. ___________________________________________ are the definitive hosts in toxoplasmosis.

30. Circular hair loss and scaling are the clinical signs of ______________________________________, a fungal disease.

31. Eastern, Western, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis are all caused by __________________________ viruses.

32. _____________________________ disease is a human disease classified as a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.

33. _______________________________________ are abnormally shaped protein molecules that cause transmissible

spongiform encephalopathic diseases.

34. ____________________________________ is used to sanitize milk in an effort to kill pathogens that cause brucellosis

and tuberculosis.

35. __________________________________________ is also called Bang's disease or undulant fever in humans.

36. Severe __________________________________________ is the most significant clinical sign of Salmonella.

37. Less than ____________________________________ of the population in the United States works with farm animals.

38. Cutaneous larva migrans results from infection of ____________________________________ larvae.




True/False

T F 1. Disinfectants can safely clean surgeons' handsprior to surgery.

T F 2. Sterilization can be performed with chemicals.

T F 3. Ethylene chloride is the toxic gas mentioned inthe text that can be used to chemically sterilizesurgical instruments.

T F 4. Horses are especially prone to proud flesh.

T F 5. One type of suture material is resorbable.

T F 6. Gastric torsion occurs most typically intoy-type canines.

T F 7. Biopsies are performed primarily to determineif tumors are benign or malignant.

T F 8. Metzenbaum scissors are used when dealingwith more delicate tissues.

T F 9. A good surgical scrub should last for amaximum of one minute.

T F 10. Size seven is the largest size of suture materialaccording to the United States Pharmacopoeia.

T F 11. Silk is a nonabsorbable suture material.

T F 12. Wounds acquire extreme strength during thefirst six days of healing.


13. Pressurized ______________________________________ is a means of sterilization.

14. Temperatures in a(n) ________________________________________ rise to 250ºF to 275ºF during sterilization.

15. A ___________________________________________ is a sharp surgical knife.

16. Hemostatic forceps are used to ________________________________________ blood vessels.

17. The ____________________________________________ lasts for six to eight hours.

18. The two main types of suture material are _______________________________________ and nonabsorbable.

19. A _______________________________________ midline surgical approach is used in the removal of bladder stones.

20. Stainless ________________________________ is used in most good quality surgical tools because it resists corrosion.

21. A spay hooks pulls the ________________________________________ through a relatively small surgical opening.

22. A(n) _______________________________________ uses steam to sterilize instruments.

23. __________________________________ are used to hold tissue areas back from the exposed surgical site.



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SELF-TEST ANSWERS

Self-Test 121. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. T8. F9. T10. T11. F12. T13. F14. T15. T16. F17. F18. T19. F20. F21. F22. F23. glucose24. monosaccharides25. fiber26. amino acids27. fat28. miromineral,

macrominerals29. Nonessential30. Essential31. fat32. free33. liver34. taurine35. Water36. feet/legs37. glucose/sugars,

monosaccharides38. liquid39. solid40. calorie

Self-Test 131. F2. T

3. T4. F5. T6. F7. T8. F9. T10. F11. T12. T13. F14. T15. T16. T17. F18. F19. F20. T21. F22. T23. F24. F25. T26. free, choice27. semimoist28. moist/canned29. celum/large intestine30. floating31. rumen32. free choice33. fat34. dry35. body36. half, 50%37. 7038. erectation39. volatile, acid40. Gas41. nonruminants/

monogastrics

Self-Test 141. F2. T3. F4. T5. T

6. T7. F8. T9. T10. F11. F12. F13. F14. T15. T16. T17. F18. T19. four20. virus21. fungus22. Ticks23. kill24. negative25. Koch26. loliform27. 2028. oxygen29. cocci30. viruses31. estrogen32. Static33. wound34. hypotonic35. wall36. entire body

Self-Test 151. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. F10. F11. T12. T13. F14. T

15. F16. T17. T18. booster19. two to four20. soreness, swelling21. rise/increase22. Cushing’s23. vaccination24. active25. viral26. diseases27. vaccination28. national board29. cortisone30. urine, feces31. passive32. biosecurity

Self-Test 161. F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. F7. T8. F9. T10. F11. F12. F13. T14. F15. increases16. Metabolism17. metabolic18. degenerative19. -oma20. K21. metabolic22. cyanide23. diopathic24. peritonitis25. neoplasm26. acetone27. trauma, traumatic



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2SELF-TEST ANSWERS

28. blood stream,lymphatic system

29. splint

Self-Test 171. T2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. F8. F9. F10. F11. T12. F13. T14. F15. F16. T17. F18. F19. T20. T21. bacterial22. roundworm23. rabies24. Cat scratch25. Circling26. food poisoning27. Zoonotic28. internal organs29. Cats30. ringworm31. RNA32. Creutzfelt Jakob33. Prions34. Pasteurization35. Brucellosis36. diarrhea37. two percent38. hookworm

Self-Test 181. F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. F7. F8. T9. T10. T11. T12. F13. T14. F15. F16. F17. T18. physical19. paler20. impacted21. intestine22. rectal23. Bilirubin24. twice25. signalment26. observation27. capillary28. liver29. kidneys30. tumor cells31. course32. enzymes33. postmortem/autopsy34. eye35. Burborygmi

Self-Test 191. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. T8. T9. F10. T11. T12. F13. stream14. autoclave15. scalpel16. clamp17. golden period18. absorbable19. ventral20. steel21. uterus22. autoclave23. Retractors

GRANTON TECH

VETERINARY

SCIENCE:

PART 2

1566EXAMINATIONS FOR

DISTANCE EDUCATIONHOME STUDY

CORRESPONDENCE COURSE 1566

8 EXAMINATIONS

GRANTON TECH

[email protected]

COPYRIGHT © 2010 BY GRANTON TECH



VETERINARY SCIENCE: PART 2EXAMINATIONS

EXAMINATION 1566-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-42

EXAMINATION 1566-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43-45

EXAMINATION 1566-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46-47

EXAMINATION 1566-15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48-50

EXAMINATION 1566-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51-52

EXAMINATION 1566-17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53-55

EXAMINATION 1566-18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56-58

EXAMINATION 1566-19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59-61




Review Questions

1. Define the following terms:

autopsy; postmortem; constipation; flatulence; calorie; hydrolysis; rodenticide; free radicals; dry matter; hemolysis




2. Name the simplest carbohydrates.

3. Which remain solid at room temperature, fats or oils?

4. Addition of which nutrient generally adds palatability to food?

5. What proportion of the body is composed of water?

6. Does sweating cool or heat the body?

7. Which common barnyard ruminant is quite sensitive to cooper toxicity?

8. List the three classes of nutrients used for energy supply and cellular structure.

9. List the three attributes of animal fat deposits.

10. List four fat-soluble vitamins.

Short Answer

11. List the six classes of nutrients.

12. List three macrominerals.




13. What is the general name of rat or mouse poison?

14. What nutrient class creates lactose found in milk?

15. At what percent does body water loss become life threatening?

16. Vitamins divide into two categories. Name them.




Review Questions


free choice diet; resting energy rate; maintenance energy requirement; grazing; concentrates; float; forage; cribbing; bolt;eructation; total mixed ration.




2. Does a lactating animal have more or less nutritional needs than when not lactating?

3. Which feeding system can help quiet confined dogs?

4. What type of food do dogs typically prefer?

5. In general, what is the water content of semi-moist pet food?

6. Do horses prefer to graze throughout the day or eat one large meal daily?

7. Where are simple sugars utilized in the cow?

8. Are cats carnivores or omnivores?

9. Where does fiber fermentation occur in the horse’s digestive tract?

10. How are ingredients listed on a pet food label?

11. List the three types of feed available for dogs and cats.

Short Answer

12. Concentrated feeds divide into two main categories. Name them.




13. If a horse drops whole grain from its mouth while chewing, the owner can assume this procedure should be performed.

14. What is the significance of rhododendron in the ruminant diet?

15. Explain the difference between cribbing and bolting.




Review Questions


coliform; botulism; anthrax; Koch’s postulates; fomite; vector; eukaryotic; prokaryotic; prodromal phase; anemia;systemic; Lyme disease; antimicrobial; bacteriostatic; antiseptics; disinfectant.




2. How many principles are found in Koch’s postulates?

3. Give an example of an arthropod.

4. What causes ringworm?

5. What external parasite transmits Lyme disease?

6. Is botulism the result of an endotoxin or an exotoxin?

7. Who developed the commonly used bacteria staining technique?

8. List the three types of anthrax.

9. List the four major classes of infectious disease-causing agents.

Short Answer

10. How do fungi get nutrition?

11. What stage of the parasite’s life is carried by the definitive host?

12. Name the condition resulting from two few red blood cells.




Review Questions


antioxidant; ventilation; tunnel ventilation; wet dewlap; biosecurity; equine infectious anemia; quarantine; fibrosarcoma.




2. Which have higher immunity levels, young or older animals?

3. How long should a new animal be quarantined when brought home?

4. Name a common side effect of vaccination.

5. Does stress in animals require conscious thought?

6. Does a vaccine exist for distemper in dogs?

7. Can a vaccine affect milk production?

8. Should modified line vaccine be refrigerated?

9. How does allowing an animal’s hair coat to become wet and matted contribute to disease conditions?

10. Describe the cough in kennel cough.

11. Name two types of immunity.

12. List at least two factors used in developing a vaccination program.




13. List the symptoms of equine infectious anemia.

Short Answer

14. List two medications that can effectively treat kennel cough.

15. What practice poses the greatest threat to biosecurity on a farm?

16. If a newly purchased animal appears healthy, why should it be quarantined?

17. What happens when a dog develops a gastric twist?

18. List three possible disease vectors found on a farm.




Review Questions


schistosomus reflexus; congential; hemophilia; arthritis; pneumothorax; peritonitis; idiopathic; neoplasm; metastasis.

2. Does the risk of tumors increase or decrease with age?




3. Give one possible antidote to injection of a rat or mouse poison that causes bleeding.

4. What disease category does hemophilia belong to?

5. Is antifreeze toxic if ingested by a dog?

6. Should vomiting be induced in all cases of toxin ingestion?

7. What does the suffix – oma mean?

8. Describe the technique mentioned in the text for stimulating urination in sheep.

9. Describe the appearance of a calf with schistosomus reflexus.

10. What kind of disease is arthritis?

11. How does oral administration of activated charcoal aid in the removal of toxins?

Short Answer

12. Give one example of a degenerative disease discussed in the text.

13. The book gives a mnemonic phrase that can be used to remember disease classification. Name it.




Review Questions


rabies; visceral larva migrans; cutaneous larva migrans; toxoplasmosis; cat scratch fever; ringworm; RNA viruses; Qfever; pasteurization; anthrax; mad cow disease; scrapie; West Nile fever; brucellosis; tuberculosis.




2. What causes salmonellosis?

3. Name the disease associated with roundworm larvae invasion.

4. What is another name for creeping eruption?

5. What animal serves as the definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii?

6. Is rabies a viral or bacterial disease?

7. What is another name for rabies?

8. What disease is caused by the Gram-negative Bartonella henselae?

9. What shape does a ringworm infection take?

10. What is another name for listeriosis?

11. What problems can arise for pregnant women who contract toxoplasmosis?

12. What treatments are available for a person who has presented with clinical signs of rabies?




13. What group of viruses, mentioned in the text, cause brain inflammation?

14. What is the best defense for prevention of E. coli infection?

Short Answer

15. What two species are affected by scrapie?

16. Why is rabies called hydrophobia?




Review Questions


signalment; borborygmi; ophthalmoscope; packed cell volume; chemistry panel; complete blood cell count (CBC);serology.




2. If an animal is dehydrated, will the specific gravity of urine be high or low?

3. Can stress interfere with blood test results in cats?

4. Can a stethoscope be used to evaluate intestinal sounds?

5. What is the first step a veterinarian must take in diagnosing a disease?

6. After establishment of a history, what is the second step in diagnosing a disease?

7. Describe the mucous membrane of an anemic animal.

8. How can an enlarged prostate be determined in a dog?

9. List two problems that a lack of noise in the intestinal tract could represent.

10. List specific information found in the signalment.

Short Answer

11. Why would increased numbers of band cells be found in an animal with a bacterial infection?

12. List two means of killing cancer cells remaining in the body after biopsy.




13. Why does a positive serologic test not prove the animal has the disease in question?

14. What two factors aid a veterinarian in becoming a successful diagnostician?

15. List two vital signs.

16. List one factor that veterinarians visually inspect in a nervous or musculoskeletal evaluation.




Review Questions


aseptic technique; disinfectants; sterilization; autoclave; antiseptic; granulation tissue; golden period; first intentionhealing; second intention healing; proud flesh; débridement; hematoma; seroma; abscess; dehiscence; intestinalanastomosis; gastric dilation– volvulus syndrome; necrotic.




2. How high does the temperature rise in an autoclave when instruments are being sterilized?

3. What is a scalpel?

4. Name one toxic gas mentioned in the text that can be used to chemically sterilize surgical instruments.

5. How long does the golden period last?

6. Does gastric torsion occur most typically in larger deep-chested dogs or toy-type canines?

7. What species mentioned in the text are especially prone to proud flesh?

8. Why should surgeons hold their hands higher than their elbows during scrubbing?

9. How can dead space be prevented in surgery?

10. What are hemostatic forceps used for in surgery?

11. What type of approach is used in the removal of bladder stones?

12. What is the primary reasons to perform biopsies?




13. List the two main types of suture material.

14. List two means of sterilization.

Short Answer

15. Immediately after trauma, bleeding can be beneficial. Explain why.

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