Grand challenge program (2002-2007) PIs

Recent Progress in High-Pressure Studies on Plastic Properties of Earth Materials

COMPRES meeting at lake TahoeJune, 2004

Grand challenge program (2002-2007)PIsP. Burnley (Georgia Tech.)H.W. Green (UC Riverside)S. Karato (Yale University)D.J. Weidner (SUNY Stony Brook)W.B. Durham (LLNL)[Y. Wang (APS)]

Goal of this projectTo develop new techniques of quantitative rheology experiments under deep Earth conditions (exceeding those in the transition zone: ~15 GPa, ~1800 K)flow lawsdeformation microstructures (fabrics) global dynamics

Quantitative rheological data at high-T from currentlyavailable apparatus are limited to P

Why high-pressure?Despite a commonly held view that brittle strength is pressure-sensitive but plastic flow strength is pressure-insensitive, pressure dependence of plastic flow strength is important in Earths interior but can be determined only by high-P experiments.Rheology of high-pressure phases, or rheology associated with a phase transformation (transformational plasticity, transformational faulting) can only be studied under high-P.

Pressure effectsPressure effects are large at high P. [Depends strongly on V*(activation volume). V* in many materials is poorly constrained]

Challenges in high-P rheology studies(How are rheological properties different from elasticity?)Controlled generation of stress (strain-rate)Measurements of stress under high-PPlastic deformation can occur by a variety of mechanisms.Large extrapolation is needed in time-scale (extrapolation in stress, temperature). Careful strategy is needed to choose the parameter space and microscopic mechanisms must be identified.Sensitive to chemical environment and microstructures (large strain is needed to achieve steady-state rheology and microstructure).

Pressure effects on creep can be non-monotonic: a simple activation volume formulation may not capture the physics.pressure, GPastrength, GPa

Deformation fabrics (of wadsleyite) depend on conditions of deformation. [MA stress relaxation tests]

Various methods of deformationexperiments under high-pressuresMultianvil apparatusstress-relaxation testsD-DIARotational DrickamerApparatus (RDA)

Very high-PMostly at room TUnknown strain rate(results are not relevant to most regions of Earths interior.)DACStress changes with time in one experiment.Complications in interpretation

Constant displacement rate deformation experimentsEasy X-ray stress (strain)measurementsStrain is limited.Pressure may be limited.

Constant shear strain-rate deformation experimentsLarge strain possibleHigh-pressure can be achieved.Stress (strain) is heterogeneous.(complications in stress measurements)

D-DIA (Deformation DIA)High-P and T, homogeneous stress/strain[Pressure exceeding ~15 GPa is difficult.Strain is limited.]

RDA (Rotational Drickamer Apparatus)large strain (radial distribution), high P (because ofgood support for anvils)[Stress/strain is not uniform.Effects of initial stage deformation must be minimized.]

PictureRDAIncident X-rayRDA at X17B2 in NSLS13 elements SSDStageCCD camera

Stress measurement from X-ray diffractiond-spacing becomesorientation-dependent under nonhydrostatic stress.

Strain (rate) can also bemeasured from X-ray imaging.

Lattice strain measured byX-ray is converted tostress using some equations.

Equations involve assumptionsabout stress-strain distribution which is not known apriori.

In order to calculate the stress, oneneeds to understand stress-straindistribution (from the data + modeling).

Recent results show significant deviation from elastic model.(Li et al. (2004), Weidener et al.(2004))

MgO: Compression versus extension (D-DIA)6.4 GPa1 GPaUchida et al. 2004, submitted1000KStrain rate: 0.9x10-5 s-1

Plastic deformation of olivine(Li et al., 2004)

stress-distribution in a RDA

Sample and diffraction geometryIncident X-ray (50 mm wide)Diffracted X-ray (50 mm wide)6.50.9 mmEffective length for diffraction~0.4 mmring widthObserved partby diffraction

Stress-strain conditions in sample 1Variation of d-spacing

(Assuming .elastically isotropic)Principal stress (s1, s3) directionY = 0 and 90Y = +45 and -45Uniaxial compressionSimple sheard0: d for hydrostatic conditionG: shear modulust: Uniaxial deviatoric stresssS: Shear deviatoric stress Hydrostatic

Chart2

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Uniaxial

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

Sheet1

1 = 2

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Shear1

Uniax + Shear1

Shear2

Uniax + Shear2

Y ()

d/dH

Sheet1 (2)

0.12801747460.1640980546

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Sheet1 (2)

Uniaxial

Shear

Uniax + Shear

Uniax * Shear

Uniax(-) / Shear

Y ()

d/dH

Sheet1 (3)

Uniax * Shear

Uniax(-) / Shear

Y ()

difference (%)

Uniaxial

Y ()

d/dH

UniaxialShearUniax + Shear

G (Gpa)80

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-951.01017928780.99728674721.007466035

-901.010416666711.0104166667

-851.01017928781.00271325281.0128925406

-801.00947436391.00534406471.0148184286

-751.00832331361.00781251.0161358136

-701.00676111111.01004355641.0168046675

-651.00483522311.01196944441.0168046675

-601.00260416671.01353164691.0161358136

-551.00013573141.01468269721.0148184286

-500.99750491941.01538762111.0128925406

-450.99479166671.0156251.0104166667

-400.99207841391.01538762111.007466035

-350.98944760191.01468269721.0041302991

-300.98697916671.01353164691.0005108136

-250.98474811031.01196944440.9967175547

-200.98282222221.01004355640.9928657786

-150.98126001971.00781250.9890725197

-100.98010896951.00534406470.9854530342

-50.97940404551.00271325280.9821172983

00.979166666710.9791666667

50.97940404550.99728674720.9766907927

100.98010896950.99465593530.9747649047

150.98126001970.99218750.9734475197

200.98282222220.98995644360.9727786658

250.98474811030.98803055560.9727786658

300.98697916670.98646835310.9734475197

350.98944760190.98531730280.9747649047

400.99207841390.98461237890.9766907927

450.99479166670.9843750.9791666667

500.99750491940.98461237890.9821172983

551.00013573140.98531730280.9854530342

601.00260416670.98646835310.9890725197

651.00483522310.98803055560.9928657786

701.00676111110.98995644360.9967175547

751.00832331360.99218751.0005108136

801.00947436390.99465593531.0041302991

851.01017928780.99728674721.007466035

901.010416666711.0104166667

951.01017928781.00271325281.0128925406

1001.00947436391.00534406471.0148184286

1051.00832331361.00781251.0161358136

1101.00676111111.01004355641.0168046675

1151.00483522311.01196944441.0168046675

1201.00260416671.01353164691.0161358136

1251.00013573141.01468269721.0148184286

1300.99750491941.01538762111.0128925406

1350.99479166671.0156251.0104166667

1400.99207841391.01538762111.007466035

1450.98944760191.01468269721.0041302991

1500.98697916671.01353164691.0005108136

1550.98474811031.01196944440.9967175547

1600.98282222221.01004355640.9928657786

1650.98126001971.00781250.9890725197

1700.98010896951.00534406470.9854530342

1750.97940404551.00271325280.9821172983

1800.979166666710.9791666667

Uniaxial

Shear

Uniax + Shear

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

Uniaxial

Y ()

d/dH

1

1

Uniaxial

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

Chart3

110

0.997286747212

0.9946559353

0.9921875

0.9899564436

0.9880305556

0.9864683531

0.9853173028

0.9846123789

0.984375

0.9846123789

0.9853173028

0.9864683531

0.9880305556

0.9899564436

0.9921875

0.9946559353

0.9972867472

1

1.0027132528

1.0053440647

1.0078125

1.0100435564

1.0119694444

1.0135316469

1.0146826972

1.0153876211

1.015625

1.0153876211

1.0146826972

1.0135316469

1.0119694444

1.0100435564

1.0078125

1.0053440647

1.0027132528

1

0.9972867472

0.9946559353

0.9921875

0.9899564436

0.9880305556

0.9864683531

0.9853173028

0.9846123789

0.984375

0.9846123789

0.9853173028

0.9864683531

0.9880305556

0.9899564436

0.9921875

0.9946559353

0.9972867472

1

1.0027132528

1.0053440647

1.0078125

1.0100435564

1.0119694444

1.0135316469

1.0146826972

1.0153876211

1.015625

1.0153876211

1.0146826972

1.0135316469

1.0119694444

1.0100435564

1.0078125

1.0053440647

1.0027132528

1

1

Shear

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

Sheet1

1 = 2

Uniaxial1Uniaxial2Shear1Shear2Uniax + Shear1Uniax + Shear2

G (Gpa)80

-1800.99791666670.9979166667110.99791666670.9979166667t (Gpa)0.5

-1750.99794040460.99794040460.99891410930.99891469890.99685675040.99685733871

-1700.99801089690.99801089690.99786008450.99786237410.99587523790.995877523

-1650.9981260020.9981260020.99687010190.9968750.99500196930.9950068582

-1600.99828222220.99828222220.9959744750.99598257740.99426361220.9942717007

-1550.9984748110.9984748110.99520070560.99521222220.99368283650.9936943355

-1500.99869791670.99869791670.9945726130.99458734120.99327759650.9932923056

-1450.99894476020.99894476020.99410957260.99412692110.99306054860.9930778788

-1400.99920784140.99920784140.99382589170.99384495150.9930386240.9930576687

-1350.99947916670.99947916670.99373034570.993750.99321277780.9932324219

-1300.99975049190.99975049190.99382589170.99384495150.99357792420.9935969792

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-1201.00026041671.00026041670.9945726130.99458734120.99483161620.9948463483

-1151.00048352231.00048352230.99520070560.99521222220.99568190740.9956934295

-1101.00067611111.00067611110.9959744750.99598257740.99664786440.9966559723

-1051.00083233141.00083233140.99687010190.9968750.99769982810.9977047303

-1001.00094743641.00094743640.99786008450.99786237410.99880549340.9988077852

-951.00101792881.00101792880.99891410930.99891469890.99993093270.9999315229

-901.00104166671.0010416667111.00104166671.0010416667

-851.00101792881.00101792881.00108471281.00108530111.00210374581.0021043347

-801.00094743641.00094743641.0021353461.00213762591.00308480551.0030870875

-751.00083233141.00083233141.00312013241.0031251.00395506071.0039599324

-701.00067611111.00067611111.0040093851.00401742261.00468820691.0046962499

-651.00048352231.00048352231.00477637091.00478777781.00526220271.0052736151

-601.00026041671.00026041671.00539808911.00541265881.00565991151.005674485

-551.00001357311.00001357311.00585593291.00587307891.00586958551.0058867317

-500.99975049190.99975049191.00613622181.00615504851.00588518281.0059040047

-450.99947916670.99947916671.00623058991.006251.00570651141.0057259115

-400.99920784140.99920784141.00613622181.00615504851.00533920241.0053580141

-350.99894476020.99894476021.00585593291.00587307891.00479451371.0048116416

-300.99869791670.99869791671.00539808911.00541265881.0040889771.0041035277

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-150.9981260020.9981260021.00312013241.0031251.00124028721.0012451457

-100.99801089690.99801089691.0021353461.00213762591.00014199561.0001442709

-50.99794040460.99794040461.00108471281.00108530110.99902288330.9990234704

00.99791666670.9979166667110.99791666670.9979166667

50.99794040460.99794040460.99891410930.99891469890.99685675040.9968573387

100.99801089690.99801089690.99786008450.99786237410.99587523790.995877523

150.9981260020.9981260020.99687010190.9968750.99500196930.9950068582

200.99828222220.99828222220.9959744750.99598257740.99426361220.9942717007

250.9984748110.9984748110.99520070560.99521222220.99368283650.9936943355

300.99869791670.99869791670.9945726130.99458734120.99327759650.9932923056

350.99894476020.99894476020.99410957260.99412692110.99306054860.9930778788

400.99920784140.99920784140.99382589170.99384495150.9930386240.9930576687

450.99947916670.99947916670.99373034570.993750.99321277780.9932324219

500.99975049190.99975049190.99382589170.99384495150.99357792420.9935969792

551.00001357311.00001357310.99410957260.99412692110.99412306570.9941404145

601.00026041671.00026041670.9945726130.99458734120.99483161620.9948463483

651.00048352231.00048352230.99520070560.99521222220.99568190740.9956934295

701.00067611111.00067611110.9959744750.99598257740.99664786440.9966559723

751.00083233141.00083233140.99687010190.9968750.99769982810.9977047303

801.00094743641.00094743640.99786008450.99786237410.99880549340.9988077852

851.00101792881.00101792880.99891410930.99891469890.99993093270.9999315229

901.00104166671.0010416667111.00104166671.0010416667

951.00101792881.00101792881.00108471281.00108530111.00210374581.0021043347

1001.00094743641.00094743641.0021353461.00213762591.00308480551.0030870875

1051.00083233141.00083233141.00312013241.0031251.00395506071.0039599324

1101.00067611111.00067611111.0040093851.00401742261.00468820691.0046962499

1151.00048352231.00048352231.00477637091.00478777781.00526220271.0052736151

1201.00026041671.00026041671.00539808911.00541265881.00565991151.005674485

1251.00001357311.00001357311.00585593291.00587307891.00586958551.0058867317

1300.99975049190.99975049191.00613622181.00615504851.00588518281.0059040047

1350.99947916670.99947916671.00623058991.006251.00570651141.0057259115

1400.99920784140.99920784141.00613622181.00615504851.00533920241.0053580141

1450.99894476020.99894476021.00585593291.00587307891.00479451371.0048116416

1500.99869791670.99869791671.00539808911.00541265881.0040889771.0041035277

1550.9984748110.9984748111.00477637091.00478777781.00324389711.0032552865

1600.99828222220.99828222221.0040093851.00401742261.002284721.0022927437

1650.9981260020.9981260021.00312013241.0031251.00124028721.0012451457

1700.99801089690.99801089691.0021353461.00213762591.00014199561.0001442709

1750.99794040460.99794040461.00108471281.00108530110.99902288330.9990234704

1800.99791666670.9979166667110.99791666670.9979166667

Sheet1

Uniaxial1

Shear1

Uniax + Shear1

Shear2

Uniax + Shear2

Y ()

d/dH

Sheet1 (2)

0.12801747460.1640980546

UniaxialShearUniax + ShearUniax * ShearUniax(-) / ShearDifference (%)

Uniax * ShearUniax(-) / ShearG (Gpa)80

-1800.979166666710.97916666670.97916666670.979591836700.043421624t (Gpa)5

-1750.97940404550.98914698890.96855103440.96877456250.96918568470.02307861070.065525740310

-1700.98010896950.9786237410.95873271050.95915790630.95953755030.0443497770.083948301

-1650.98126001970.968750.95001001970.95059564410.95092959810.06164402180.0967967015

-1600.98282222220.95982577440.94264799660.94333810060.94361653920.07320907930.1027470023

-1550.98474811030.95212222230.93687033260.93760055920.93781871470.0779431860.1012287479

-1500.98697916670.94587341230.93285257890.93355735220.93371565630.07555033810.0925202343

-1450.98944760190.94126921120.93071681310.93133656380.93144028260.0665885320.0777324982

-1400.99207841390.93844951540.93052792930.93101550680.93107393310.05239793970.0586767744

-1350.99479166670.93750.93229166670.93261718750.9326424870.03491620110.0376298955

-1300.99750491940.93844951540.93595443490.93610800830.9361138360.01640821510.0170308639

-1251.00013573140.94126921120.94140494260.9413969710.9413969883-0.0008467783-0.000844936

-1201.00260416670.94587341230.94847757890.94833662430.9483430556-0.0148611479-0.0141830757

-1151.00483522310.95212222230.95695744540.95672594560.9567483138-0.0241912257-0.0218537984

-1101.00676111110.95982577440.96658688550.96631526310.9663594379-0.0281011885-0.0235310018

-1051.00832331360.968750.97707331360.97681321010.976880886-0.026620679-0.0196942884

-1001.00947436390.9786237410.98809810490.98789557850.9879842634-0.0204965939-0.011521271

-951.01017928780.98914698890.99932627670.99921580080.9993193482-0.0110550404-0.0006933222

-901.010416666711.01041666671.01041666671.010526315800.0108518719

-851.01017928781.01085301111.02103229891.02114277481.02124859450.01082002240.0211840075

-801.00947436391.0213762591.03085062281.03105314931.03114570860.01964653760.0286254642

-751.00832331361.031251.03957331361.03983341721.03990545930.02502022190.0319501903

-701.00676111111.04017422561.04693533671.04720695911.04725483190.02594452520.0305171825

-651.00483522311.04787777771.05271300081.05294450051.05296911830.02199077380.0243292809

-601.00260416671.05412658771.05673075441.05687170911.05687887650.01333874830.0140170118

-551.00013573141.05873078881.05886652021.05887449181.05887451130.0007528440.0007546863

-500.99750491941.06155048461.0590554041.05890183061.0589084227-0.0145009805-0.0138785242

-450.99479166671.06251.05729166671.05696614581.0569948187-0.0307881773-0.0280762653

-400.99207841391.06155048461.05362889851.0531413211.0532074114-0.0462760147-0.0400033723

-350.98944760191.05873078881.04817839071.04755864011.047675302-0.0591264491-0.0479964831

-300.98697916671.05412658771.04110575441.04040098111.0405774028-0.0676946866-0.0507490807

-250.98474811031.04787777771.0326258881.03189566141.0321357569-0.0707155026-0.0474645297

-200.98282222221.04017422561.02299644781.02230634391.0226080911-0.0674590729-0.0379626699

-150.98126001971.031251.01251001971.01192439531.0122798947-0.0578388729-0.0227281687

-100.98010896951.0213762591.00148522841.00106003261.0014562619-0.0424565243-0.0028923591

-50.97940404551.01085301110.99025705660.99003352850.9904536724-0.02257273720.0198550193

00.979166666710.97916666670.97916666670.979591836700.043421624

50.97940404550.98914698890.96855103440.96877456250.96918568470.02307861070.0655257403

100.98010896950.9786237410.95873271050.95915790630.95953755030.0443497770.083948301

150.98126001970.968750.95001001970.95059564410.95092959810.06164402180.0967967015

200.98282222220.95982577440.94264799660.94333810060.94361653920.07320907930.1027470023

250.98474811030.95212222230.93687033260.93760055920.93781871470.0779431860.1012287479

300.98697916670.94587341230.93285257890.93355735220.93371565630.07555033810.0925202343

350.98944760190.94126921120.93071681310.93133656380.93144028260.0665885320.0777324982

400.99207841390.93844951540.93052792930.93101550680.93107393310.05239793970.0586767744

450.99479166670.93750.93229166670.93261718750.9326424870.03491620110.0376298955

500.99750491940.93844951540.93595443490.93610800830.9361138360.01640821510.0170308639

551.00013573140.94126921120.94140494260.9413969710.9413969883-0.0008467783-0.000844936

601.00260416670.94587341230.94847757890.94833662430.9483430556-0.0148611479-0.0141830757

651.00483522310.95212222230.95695744540.95672594560.9567483138-0.0241912257-0.0218537984

701.00676111110.95982577440.96658688550.96631526310.9663594379-0.0281011885-0.0235310018

751.00832331360.968750.97707331360.97681321010.976880886-0.026620679-0.0196942884

801.00947436390.9786237410.98809810490.98789557850.9879842634-0.0204965939-0.011521271

851.01017928780.98914698890.99932627670.99921580080.9993193482-0.0110550404-0.0006933222

901.010416666711.01041666671.01041666671.010526315800.0108518719

951.01017928781.01085301111.02103229891.02114277481.02124859450.01082002240.0211840075

1001.00947436391.0213762591.03085062281.03105314931.03114570860.01964653760.0286254642

1051.00832331361.031251.03957331361.03983341721.03990545930.02502022190.0319501903

1101.00676111111.04017422561.04693533671.04720695911.04725483190.02594452520.0305171825

1151.00483522311.04787777771.05271300081.05294450051.05296911830.02199077380.0243292809

1201.00260416671.05412658771.05673075441.05687170911.05687887650.01333874830.0140170118

1251.00013573141.05873078881.05886652021.05887449181.05887451130.0007528440.0007546863

1300.99750491941.06155048461.0590554041.05890183061.0589084227-0.0145009805-0.0138785242

1350.99479166671.06251.05729166671.05696614581.0569948187-0.0307881773-0.0280762653

1400.99207841391.06155048461.05362889851.0531413211.0532074114-0.0462760147-0.0400033723

1450.98944760191.05873078881.04817839071.04755864011.047675302-0.0591264491-0.0479964831

1500.98697916671.05412658771.04110575441.04040098111.0405774028-0.0676946866-0.0507490807

1550.98474811031.04787777771.0326258881.03189566141.0321357569-0.0707155026-0.0474645297

1600.98282222221.04017422561.02299644781.02230634391.0226080911-0.0674590729-0.0379626699

1650.98126001971.031251.01251001971.01192439531.0122798947-0.0578388729-0.0227281687

1700.98010896951.0213762591.00148522841.00106003261.0014562619-0.0424565243-0.0028923591

1750.97940404551.01085301110.99025705660.99003352850.9904536724-0.02257273720.0198550193

1800.979166666710.97916666670.97916666670.979591836700.043421624

Sheet1 (2)

Uniaxial

Shear

Uniax + Shear

Uniax * Shear

Uniax(-) / Shear

Y ()

d/dH

Sheet1 (3)

Uniax * Shear

Uniax(-) / Shear

Y ()

difference (%)

Uniaxial

Y ()

d/dH

UniaxialShearUniax + Shear

G (Gpa)80

-1800.979166666710.9791666667t (Gpa)5-1801

-1750.97940404550.99728674720.97669079272.51801

-1700.98010896950.99465593530.974764904700

-1650.98126001970.99218750.973447519702

-1600.98282222220.98995644360.9727786658

-1550.98474811030.98803055560.9727786658

-1500.98697916670.98646835310.9734475197

-1450.98944760190.98531730280.9747649047

-1400.99207841390.98461237890.9766907927

-1350.99479166670.9843750.9791666667

-1300.99750491940.98461237890.9821172983

-1251.00013573140.98531730280.9854530342

-1201.00260416670.98646835310.9890725197

-1151.00483522310.98803055560.9928657786

-1101.00676111110.98995644360.9967175547

-1051.00832331360.99218751.0005108136

-1001.00947436390.99465593531.0041302991

-951.01017928780.99728674721.007466035

-901.010416666711.0104166667

-851.01017928781.00271325281.0128925406

-801.00947436391.00534406471.0148184286

-751.00832331361.00781251.0161358136

-701.00676111111.01004355641.0168046675

-651.00483522311.01196944441.0168046675

-601.00260416671.01353164691.0161358136

-551.00013573141.01468269721.0148184286

-500.99750491941.01538762111.0128925406

-450.99479166671.0156251.0104166667

-400.99207841391.01538762111.007466035

-350.98944760191.01468269721.0041302991

-300.98697916671.01353164691.0005108136

-250.98474811031.01196944440.9967175547

-200.98282222221.01004355640.9928657786

-150.98126001971.00781250.9890725197

-100.98010896951.00534406470.9854530342

-50.97940404551.00271325280.9821172983

00.979166666710.9791666667

50.97940404550.99728674720.9766907927

100.98010896950.99465593530.9747649047

150.98126001970.99218750.9734475197

200.98282222220.98995644360.9727786658

250.98474811030.98803055560.9727786658

300.98697916670.98646835310.9734475197

350.98944760190.98531730280.9747649047

400.99207841390.98461237890.9766907927

450.99479166670.9843750.9791666667

500.99750491940.98461237890.9821172983

551.00013573140.98531730280.9854530342

601.00260416670.98646835310.9890725197

651.00483522310.98803055560.9928657786

701.00676111110.98995644360.9967175547

751.00832331360.99218751.0005108136

801.00947436390.99465593531.0041302991

851.01017928780.99728674721.007466035

901.010416666711.0104166667

951.01017928781.00271325281.0128925406

1001.00947436391.00534406471.0148184286

1051.00832331361.00781251.0161358136

1101.00676111111.01004355641.0168046675

1151.00483522311.01196944441.0168046675

1201.00260416671.01353164691.0161358136

1251.00013573141.01468269721.0148184286

1300.99750491941.01538762111.0128925406

1350.99479166671.0156251.0104166667

1400.99207841391.01538762111.007466035

1450.98944760191.01468269721.0041302991

1500.98697916671.01353164691.0005108136

1550.98474811031.01196944440.9967175547

1600.98282222221.01004355640.9928657786

1650.98126001971.00781250.9890725197

1700.98010896951.00534406470.9854530342

1750.97940404551.00271325280.9821172983

1800.979166666710.9791666667

Uniaxial

Shear

Uniax + Shear

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

Uniaxial

Y ()

d/dH

1

1

Uniaxial

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

1

Shear

1

0

Y ()

d/d0

By using Y = 0, 45, 90 geometry, uniaxial deviatoric stress and simple shear deviatoric stress can be determined independently.Annealing at P=15 GPa after compressiont = 0.6 GPa, sS = 0.7 GPa27CDuring rotation atP=15 GPa and T=1600 K300 K900 K1600 K

Chart3

1.98090024341.9822188511

-451.9820259985

1.95683056411.9814533006

451.9805181583

1.98353745871.9792489857

-1801.9776843457

1.9758717793

1.9738663604

1.9717290225

1.9695247076

1.9673203927

1.9651830548

1.9631776359

1.9613650695

1.9598004295

1.9585312569

1.9575961146

1.9570234167

1.9568305641

1.9570234167

1.9575961146

1.9585312569

1.9598004295

1.9613650695

1.9631776359

1.9651830548

1.9673203927

1.9695247076

1.9717290225

1.9738663604

1.9758717793

1.9776843457

1.9792489857

1.9805181583

1.9814533006

1.9820259985

1.9822188511

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd Uax+Shear Ana

For Wd (240) diffraction

Energy Calibtration

qG'nZhcRh1 keV =AB1B2B3B4B5B6

3-900.02305622940.0647321976.3281262934450.06540214760.0618622676.5258891318(GPa)(K)(GPa)(K)(J s)(m/s)(J/mol K)(J s)(J/K)00.33341-0.125170.016750.0000573568-0.0002723550.0000292863-0.0000009959

-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.57435588654540.98170.34.761.401.00993106.81.642.273007402997924588.31045160221367000000000000000000J

00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5Finger et al. (1993); Li and Liebermann (2000); Suzuki et al. (1980); Fei et al. (1992); Li et al. (2001); Inou et5 al. (2004); Jackson and Rigden (1996); Watanabe (1982); Mayama et al. (2004)

SampleYWd (240)YY

numberCh-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530354045505560657075808590()

Bet-19 1Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00857.6755.5422.0222.0222.019801560212.0196658212.01966891432.01967810012.01969309942.01971345642.01973855262.01976762542.01979979152.01983407352.01986942982.01990478622.01993906822.01997123432.02000030712.02002540332.02004576032.02006075962.02006994542.02007303872.02006994542.02006075962.02004576032.02002540332.02000030712.01997123432.01993906822.01990478622.01986942982.01983407352.01979979152.01976762542.01973855262.01971345642.01969309942.01967810012.01966891432.019665821-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4010096267-45

Rotation speed (R/day)00.0-2.000.00884.8454.8042.0202.0202.0209930

45.0-0.501.00540.98234797163.3145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00882.2653.5952.0172.0173.3190

f012930.7140273963Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0

Pressure (GPa)0.00Hydrostatic2.0202.274440038612930.71402739638.24818.26509215050422.0225788149100

-0.04-0.00020013459172827.6106.75011.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.040.000.0005.6965.7077344951

540.9823479716Weight1106.750.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 2Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00855.8355.4232.0272.0252.02257881491.00248345662.02531916122.02529483692.02522260292.02510465422.02494457442.02474722762.024518612.02426566812.02399608732.02371805882.02344003032.02317044952.02291750762.022688892.02249154312.02233146342.02221351462.02214128072.02211695632.02214128072.02221351462.02233146342.02249154312.022688892.02291750762.02317044952.02344003032.02371805882.02399608732.02426566812.024518612.02474722762.02494457442.02510465422.02522260292.02529483692.0253191612-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4044889732-45

Rotation speed (R/day)00.0-2.000.00883.9554.7482.0222.0242.024989.55101247180

45.0-0.501.00542.32585413133.298503374945

Rotation ()090.01.000.00879.2353.4122.0242.0233.298503374990

f-0.000826109412997.164188873Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0

Pressure (GPa)-0.42Hydrostatic2.0242.280088511612997.1641888738.24818.26509215050422.0225788149100

0.340.0019550996242396.9106.06011.44411.4675761169

0.000.340.00-0.4205.6965.7077344951

542.3258541313Weight1106.060.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 3Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00875.5456.6991.9811.9722.02257881490.92931743771.98221885111.98202599851.98145330061.98051815831.97924898571.97768434571.97587177931.97386636041.97172902251.96952470761.96732039271.96518305481.96317763591.96136506951.95980042951.95853125691.95759611461.95702341671.95683056411.95702341671.95759611461.95853125691.95980042951.96136506951.96317763591.96518305481.96732039271.96952470761.97172902251.97386636041.97587177931.97768434571.97924898571.98051815831.98145330061.98202599851.9822188511-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3019826764-45


45.0-0.501.00502.74432943673.654557941645

Rotation ()090.01.000.00897.2454.5051.9841.9753.654557941690

f0.025041880611091.3176343031Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


3.320.004-10859386028562129.21011.44411.4675761169

0.003.320.0014.8695.6965.7077344951

502.7443294367Weight1129.210.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 4-6Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00883.3157.2021.9631.9592.02257881490.91724903211.96951548741.96985725811.96999081441.96991209811.96962350121.96913379231.96845785121.96761621581.9666344591.96554241081.96437325261.96316250861.96194696681.96076356081.95964824771.95863491571.95775435451.95703331941.95649371881.95615194811.95601839181.9560971081.9563857051.95687541391.9575513551.95839299041.95937474721.96046679541.96163595361.96284669751.96406223931.96524564541.96636095851.96737429051.96825485171.96897588681.9695154874-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00913.9556.6041.9731.975g1.2850747241-45


45.0-0.501.00893.7455.3541.9681.970496.21553507433.716874370145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00905.2454.9901.9661.9623.716874370190

f0.029637218610788.385342902Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


1.770.0020.0025827805133.66011.44411.4675761169

0.691.770.690.0018.0775.6965.7077344951

496.2155350743Weight1133.660.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 7Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00873.3756.5581.9861.9792.02257881490.93997217071.9877488321.98760120271.98716280041.98644694581.98547538981.98427765251.98289012661.98135497151.9797188321.97803142131.97634401061.97470787111.97317271591.97178519011.97058745281.96961589681.96890004221.96846163991.96831401061.96846163991.96890004221.96961589681.97058745281.97178519011.97317271591.97470787111.97634401061.97803142131.9797188321.98135497151.98289012661.98427765251.98547538981.98644694581.98716280041.98760120271.987748832-90

Temperature (K)873-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.31691006-45


45.0-0.501.00508.50835195071.237254330445

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.4754.3361.9901.9833.600410101590

f0.021066725293120.6689462333Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


2.420.003-15894245353728125.4481759.020504896611.44411.4675761169

0.002.42-2.2812.2195.6965.7077344951

508.5083519507Weight1123.151.406537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 8Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.1656.3501.9931.9942.02257881490.95617373451.99188836611.9919043321.99195174431.99202916261.99213423451.99226376751.99241382571.99257984981.99275679511.99293928531.99312177551.99329872091.99346474491.99361480321.99374433611.9938494081.99392682631.99397423871.99399020451.99397423871.99392682631.9938494081.99374433611.99361480321.99346474491.99329872091.99312177551.99293928531.99275679511.99257984981.99241382571.99226376751.99213423451.99202916261.99195174431.9919043321.9918883661-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3396086068-45


45.0-0.501.00517.2731119520.671253634245

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.0454.3101.9911.9913.519606555290

f0.0151639501211573.847900375Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.24-0.00010248644131006.8119.99199796.16561135111.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.24-5.588.4925.6965.7077344951

517.273111952Weight1114.413.437537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 12Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.3056.3591.9931.9942.02257881490.95571064851.99156126941.99157735751.99162513311.99170314441.99180902121.99193954641.99209075411.992258051.99243635071.99262023891.9928041271.99298242781.99314972361.99330093131.99343145661.99353733331.99361534471.99366312021.99367920841.99366312021.99361534471.99353733331.99343145661.99330093131.99314972361.99298242781.9928041271.99262023891.99243635071.992258051.99209075411.99193954641.99180902121.99170314441.99162513311.99157735751.9915612694-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3389598189-45


45.0-0.501.00517.02259061320.671689276745

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.1954.3191.9901.9913.521890774390

f0.0153303504211536.930145762Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.24-0.00010304455236253.1120.14199771.22004979811.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.24-5.588.5945.6965.7077344951

517.0225906132Weight1114.563.436537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 14-16Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.5556.3761.9921.9932.02257881490.95434874721.99085663671.99063698651.990445151.9902869561.99016721111.99008955371.99005634351.99006858941.99012591941.99022659161.9903675471.99054450291.99075208251.99098397861.99123314511.99149201131.99175271171.99200732491.99224811481.99246776491.99265960151.99281779551.99293754041.99301519781.9930484081.99303616211.99297883211.99287815991.99273720451.99256024861.9923526691.99212077291.99187160641.99161274021.99135203981.99109742661.9908566367-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00906.5856.1481.9891.988g1.337051782-45


45.0-0.501.00883.0754.6941.9911.991516.28582602610.672972108145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00893.6454.2861.9921.9923.528617086890

f0.0158205013211428.248313556Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.16-0.000-0.0013315628120.58199697.72045726311.44411.4675761169

-0.31-0.16-0.31-5.588.8955.6965.7077344951

516.2858260261Weight1115.013.435537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 17-19Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.7556.3891.9921.9902.02257881490.94728980181.98814978661.98759857121.98698429241.98632561481.98564255181.98495585821.98428639851.98365451421.98307940461.98257854421.98216715141.9818577261.981659671.9815790011.98161817021.98177598741.98204765751.98242492591.98289632951.98344754481.98406182361.98472050131.98540356421.98609025791.98675971751.98739160181.98796671141.98846757181.98887896471.989188391.98938644611.98946711511.98942794581.98927012861.98899845851.98862119011.9881497866-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00909.4256.3241.9821.983g1.3271621315-45

Rotation speed (R/day)0.40.0-2.000.00901.4255.8291.9831.9861.9861069.10610153780

45.0-0.501.00884.3954.7761.9881.989512.46706117630.679660585845

Rotation ()1.0-2.790.01.000.00896.7454.4741.9851.9833.563687005190

f0.0183798318210862.310326369Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.620.001-0.0029646756122.93199313.48279708111.44411.4675761169

-0.700.62-0.70-5.5710.4925.6965.7077344951

512.4670611763Weight1117.373.428537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 26-28Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00882.2457.1321.9661.9662.02257881490.93618272981.97892941491.97708425841.97528035831.97357252491.97201265011.97064812981.96952042421.96866379821.96810427991.96785886991.9679350251.96833043111.96903307411.97002160461.97126598651.97272840981.97436443971.97612436621.97795471481.97979987121.98160377141.98331160471.98487147961.98623599991.98736370541.98822033151.98877984981.98902525971.98894910471.98855369851.98785105551.98686252511.98561814321.98415571981.98251968991.98075976351.9789294149-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00913.5956.5821.9731.974g1.3116010168-45


45.0-0.501.00881.6254.6041.9951.995506.45833129660.690319580145

Rotation ()10.1-12.990.01.000.00896.7854.4771.9851.9843.619575664890

f0.0224718796209962.87832105Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.120.000-0.0106976355126.76198697.67890122811.44411.4675761169

-2.590.12-2.59-5.5513.1435.6965.7077344951

506.4583312966Weight1121.213.418537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 33-35Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00891.3957.7251.9461.9472.02257881490.88739980681.94252200751.94309173371.94369430181.9443114031.94492428691.94551433141.94606360841.94655542821.94697484721.94730912161.94754809451.9476845051.94771420831.94763630181.94745315281.9471703261.9467964151.9463427811.94582320741.94525348111.9446509131.94403381181.94342092791.94283088341.94228160651.94178978671.94137036761.94103609331.94079712031.94066070981.94063100651.9407089131.94089206211.94117488891.94154879981.94200243381.9425220075-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00928.4557.5011.9421.941g1.2432556721-45


45.0-0.501.00908.5256.2691.9361.935480.06763108790.739149347545

Rotation ()24.6-27.690.01.000.00914.2955.5401.9471.9483.87560641290

f0.0414484537205881.165372108Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.48-0.0010.0032274933145.61195826.33238469411.44411.4675761169

0.90-0.480.90-5.4727.0625.6965.7077344951

480.0676310879Weight1140.143.369537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 17-19Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.0088056.9871.9711.9732.02257881490.93946020171.97839986341.97776078781.97725556971.97689956011.97670357591.97667357221.97681046051.97711008161.97756333171.97815643891.9788713821.97968643791.98057684141.98151553811.98247400621.98342312311.98433405031.98517910991.98593262511.98657170071.98707691871.98743292841.98762891261.98765891631.9875220281.98722240681.98676915681.98617604961.98546110651.98464605061.98375564711.98281695041.98185848231.98090936541.97999843811.97915337861.9783998634-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.0091056.3601.9811.980g1.3161927865-45

Rotation speed (R/day)0.30.0-2.000.0090155.8031.9841.9791.9811080.89805199190

45.0-0.501.0088454.7521.9891.988508.23138576030.687157057845

Rotation ()1.0-2.790.01.000.0089854.5511.9821.9843.602993506690

f0.0212560153210229.423562042Mg100Mg90hkldId-ave-180.0

Pressure (GPa)15.76Hydrostatic1.9812.136745897511348.59840855218.24818.26509215054002.0662730376402.0350628785

-0.91-0.001-0.0040484462125.62198880.82515348911.44411.46757611690422.0225788149100

-0.97-0.91-0.97-5.5512.3435.6965.7077344951

508.2313857603Weight1120.063.421537.6525964544540.9823479716

Wd Uax+Shear Ana

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

MgO Uax+Shear Ana

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

MgO Uniaxial and shear stress analysis-900.02305622940.0647321976.3281262934450.06540214760.0618622676.5258891318

-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.5743558865

Energy CalibtrationThermoelastic parameters MgO00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5



-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.5743558865474.681604.11.451.70771131.02.202.303002402997924588.31045160221367000000000000000000J

00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5Stixrude

SampleYMgO (200)YY

numberCh-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530354045505560657075808590()

Bet-19 1Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00825.4453.4562.1012.1042.1061.00276919972.10517480892.10523787292.10542514882.10573094632.10614597392.10665762132.10725034212.1079061272.10860505032.10932587542.11004670052.11074562382.11140140872.11199412952.11250577692.11292080452.1132266022.11341387792.1134769422.11341387792.1132266022.11292080452.11250577692.11199412952.11140140872.11074562382.11004670052.10932587542.10860505032.1079061272.10725034212.10665762132.10614597392.10573094632.10542514882.10523787292.1051748089-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4568326915-45


45.0-0.501.0074.88909611652.559691308545

Rotation ()090.01.000.00843.7251.2562.1092.1122.559691308590

f-0.00092094175159.3445583139Mg100Mg90hkldId-ave-180.0

Pressure (GPa)-0.44Hydrostatic2.1082.30636915945159.34455831398.24814.27161926144001.0679048153401.0517745757

-1.02-0.001-31792487297613.5130.03011.4445.92674807860421.0453224799100

0.00-1.020.00-0.4405.6962.9499088654

74.8890961165Weight1130.030.000537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 2Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00821.5353.2022.1112.1092.1060.99943951362.10720813162.10717163222.10706324312.10688625772.10664605342.10634992892.10600688172.10562733512.10522282142.10480563172.1043884422.10398392842.10360438182.10326133452.102965212.10272500582.10254802032.10243963122.10240313182.10243963122.10254802032.10272500582.102965212.10326133452.10360438182.10398392842.1043884422.10480563172.10522282142.10562733512.10600688172.10634992892.10664605342.10688625772.10706324312.10717163222.1072081316-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4486186721-45


45.0-0.501.0074.64042754332.572089091445

Rotation ()090.01.000.00846.1051.4002.1032.1022.572089091490

f0.00018691615131.0804527286Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.600.00129921592574221.9131.20011.4445.9267480786

0.000.600.000.0905.6962.9499088654

74.6404275433Weight1131.200.000537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 4-6Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00836.0854.1442.0742.0652.1060.92870841142.06375849152.06398205662.06378663462.06317816352.06217513142.06080801472.05911835282.0571574852.05498499152.05266688232.05027359192.04787783932.04555241832.04336798552.04139091392.03968127582.03829101762.03726238172.03662662262.03640305762.03659847952.03720695062.03820998282.03957709942.04126676142.04322762912.04540012272.04771823192.05011152232.05250727482.05483269592.05701712862.05899420022.06070383842.06209409652.06312273252.0637584915-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00882.9854.6892.0422.046g1.2786831626-45


45.0-0.501.00863.3253.4722.0372.04169.35806713962.84249022945

Rotation ()090.01.000.00860.6652.2842.0682.0592.84249022990

f0.0252713964550.3727666318Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


4.220.0040.0024084369159.65011.4445.9267480786

0.774.220.770.0013.7745.6962.9499088654

69.3580671396Weight1159.650.000537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 7Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00834.7054.0552.0782.0742.1060.94268201452.06894303952.06885246722.06858350252.06814431762.06754825692.06681343152.06596216872.06502033362.06401654342.06298129792.06194605232.06094226222.06000042712.05914916422.05841433882.05781827822.05737909332.05711012852.05701955632.05711012852.05737909332.05781827822.05841433882.05914916422.06000042712.06094226222.06194605232.06298129792.06401654342.06502033362.06596216872.06681343152.06754825692.06814431762.06858350252.06885246722.0689430395-90

Temperature (K)873-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.31156216-45


45.0-0.501.0070.40164776550.958090384145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00863.8752.4792.0602.0562.788043017990

f0.020067670229866.6968725963Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


1.710.00269694194831855.4153.4225204.753167461911.4445.9267480786

0.001.71-5.1610.6605.6962.9499088654

70.4016477655Weight1148.273.119537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 8Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00831.7253.8622.0852.0842.1060.95541780972.07590291242.07586470592.07575124762.07556598472.07531454632.07500457232.07464548112.07424818352.07382475112.07338804982.07295134852.07252791622.07213061852.07177152732.07146155332.0712101152.0710248522.07091139372.07087318732.07091139372.0710248522.0712101152.07146155332.07177152732.07213061852.07252791622.07295134852.07338804982.07382475112.07424818352.07464548112.07500457232.07531454632.07556598472.07575124762.07586470592.0759029124-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3418274363-45


45.0-0.501.0071.35278606470.522348332745

Rotation ()090.01.000.00861.1652.3142.0672.0652.738846424390

f0.015435645464140.2672135392Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.660.00173246807985899.3148.0259375.231542906911.4445.9267480786

0.000.66-12.158.0135.6962.9499088654

71.3527860647Weight1135.887.417537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 12Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00832.1053.8872.0842.0822.1060.95924198212.07967698162.07961575192.07943392332.07913702042.07873406472.07823729962.07766181912.0770251092.07634651522.07564665662.07494679812.07426820432.07363149422.07305601372.07255924862.07215629292.071859392.07167756142.07161633172.07167756142.071859392.07215629292.07255924862.07305601372.07363149422.07426820432.07494679812.07564665662.07634651522.0770251092.07766181912.07823729962.07873406472.07913702042.07943392332.07961575192.0796769816-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3509706203-45


45.0-0.501.0071.63838399970.519546505245

Rotation ()090.01.000.00857.6352.1002.0752.0722.724155509290

f0.014064822264211.3470641695Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


1.040.00136017404373306.1146.4559415.101015891911.4445.9267480786

0.001.04-12.157.2515.6962.9499088654

71.6383839997Weight1134.307.442537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 14-16Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00832.1053.8872.0842.0822.1060.95917949092.07935139462.07916784332.07888019322.07849718442.07803045462.07749418492.07690466982.07627982122.0756386252.07500056362.07438502412.07381070932.07329506962.07285377242.07250022632.07224517362.07209636392.07205831882.07213219432.07231574562.07260339572.07298640442.07345313432.0739894042.07457891912.07520376762.07584496382.07648302532.07709856482.07767287962.07818851932.07862981652.07898336262.07923841532.07938722492.079425272.0793513946-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00868.9253.8192.0752.076g1.3508210052-45


45.0-0.501.00846.9152.4572.0762.07771.63371701490.51959223245

Rotation ()090.01.000.00857.7752.1082.0752.0722.724395269790

f0.014087149764210.1865305616Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.930.001-0.0007137703146.4859414.451427481611.4445.9267480786

-0.190.93-0.19-12.157.2645.6962.9499088654

71.6337170149Weight1134.327.442537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 17-19Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00834.1154.0172.0792.0762.1060.95375061722.07621892362.07613980742.07591725912.07555804082.07507306722.07447707392.07378816992.07302728712.07221754472.07138354622.07055063232.06974411062.06898848692.06830672042.06771952622.0672447462.06689680572.06668627732.06661955762.06669867382.06692122212.06728044042.0677654142.06836140732.06905031132.06981119412.07062093652.0714549352.07228784892.07309437062.07384999432.07453176082.0751189552.07559373522.07594167552.07615220392.0762189236-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00871.6153.9852.0682.070g1.3378493644-45


45.0-0.501.00850.1152.6552.0682.07071.22827631780.523572081145

Rotation ()1.0-2.790.01.000.00856.7552.0472.0772.0742.745262945390

f0.01603613864109.240863139Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


1.260.002-0.0000344371148.7259357.775201811511.4445.9267480786

-0.011.26-0.01-12.148.3495.6962.9499088654

71.2282763178Weight1136.577.405537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 26-28Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00840.0054.3982.0652.0652.1060.94177812522.06425453852.0638546872.06346943672.06311049322.0627887632.06251402152.06229461672.06213721512.06204659932.06202552252.06207462512.06219241532.0623753142.06261776392.06291239842.0632502652.06362109792.06401362962.0644159332.06481578462.06520103492.06555997832.06588170852.066156452.06637585482.06653325642.06662387232.06664494912.06659584642.06647805622.06629515752.06605270762.06575807312.06542020652.06504937362.0646568422.0642545385-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00873.7754.1192.0632.063g1.3094249755-45


45.0-0.501.00850.3452.6692.0682.06870.33414324990.532399922245

Rotation ()10.1-12.990.01.000.00863.0052.4262.0622.0622.791550258690

f0.020400380163885.7669185061Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.02-0.000-0.00223776153.8159231.089525179611.4445.9267480786

-0.63-0.02-0.63-12.1210.8555.6962.9499088654

70.3341432499Weight1141.707.324537.652596454474.6822859489

Bet-19 33-35Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00824.1153.3702.1042.0972.1060.96889788682.09093558762.09130265452.09133954842.09104514812.09042839882.08950804022.08831203692.08687672882.08524572712.08346858892.08159931172.07969469252.07781260222.07601022712.07434233162.07285959372.07160706582.07062280522.06993671822.06956965122.06953275732.06982715772.07044390692.07136426552.07256026882.07399557692.07562657862.07740371682.0792729942.08117761322.08305970352.08486207862.08652997412.0880127122.089265242.09024950062.0909355876-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00865.1753.5872.0842.087g1.3741704872-45


45.0-0.501.00846.3252.4212.0782.08172.35950903870.512504425145

Rotation ()24.6-27.690.01.000.00856.8352.0512.0772.0702.687231535590

f0.010643723964390.2664902713Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


2.630.0030.0029102968142.5859514.702988492511.4445.9267480786

0.762.630.76-12.175.3945.6962.9499088654

72.3595090387Weight1130.417.507537.652596454474.6822859489

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

11

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

11

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Y ()

d ()

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

00

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

MgO (200)

Chart5

1.99178893221.9881497866

1.98247672511.9875985712

1.98296498321.9869842924

1.98836315691.9863256148

1.98464831231.9856425518

-1801.9849558582

1.9842863985

1.9836545142

1.9830794046

1.9825785442

1.9821671514

1.981857726

1.98165967

1.981579001

1.9816181702

1.9817759874

1.9820476575

1.9824249259

1.9828963295

1.9834475448

1.9840618236

1.9847205013

1.9854035642

1.9860902579

1.9867597175

1.9873916018

1.9879667114

1.9884675718

1.9888789647

1.98918839

1.9893864461

1.9894671151

1.9894279458

1.9892701286

1.9889984585

1.9886211901

1.9881497866

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd Uax+Shear Ana

For Wd (240) diffraction

Energy Calibtration



-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.57435588654540.98170.34.761.401.00993106.81.642.273007402997924588.31045160221367000000000000000000J

00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5Finger et al. (1993); Li and Liebermann (2000); Suzuki et al. (1980); Fei et al. (1992); Li et al. (2001); Inou et5 al. (2004); Jackson and Rigden (1996); Watanabe (1982); Mayama et al. (2004)

SampleYWd (240)YY

numberCh-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530354045505560657075808590()

Bet-19 1Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00857.6755.5422.0222.0222.019801560212.0196658212.01966891432.01967810012.01969309942.01971345642.01973855262.01976762542.01979979152.01983407352.01986942982.01990478622.01993906822.01997123432.02000030712.02002540332.02004576032.02006075962.02006994542.02007303872.02006994542.02006075962.02004576032.02002540332.02000030712.01997123432.01993906822.01990478622.01986942982.01983407352.01979979152.01976762542.01973855262.01971345642.01969309942.01967810012.01966891432.019665821-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4010096267-45

Rotation speed (R/day)00.0-2.000.00884.8454.8042.0202.0202.0209930

45.0-0.501.00540.98234797163.3145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00882.2653.5952.0172.0173.3190

f012930.7140273963Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.04-0.00020013459172827.6106.75011.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.040.000.0005.6965.7077344951

540.9823479716Weight1106.750.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 2Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00855.8355.4232.0272.0252.02257881491.00248345662.02531916122.02529483692.02522260292.02510465422.02494457442.02474722762.024518612.02426566812.02399608732.02371805882.02344003032.02317044952.02291750762.022688892.02249154312.02233146342.02221351462.02214128072.02211695632.02214128072.02221351462.02233146342.02249154312.022688892.02291750762.02317044952.02344003032.02371805882.02399608732.02426566812.024518612.02474722762.02494457442.02510465422.02522260292.02529483692.0253191612-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4044889732-45


45.0-0.501.00542.32585413133.298503374945

Rotation ()090.01.000.00879.2353.4122.0242.0233.298503374990

f-0.000826109412997.164188873Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0

Pressure (GPa)-0.42Hydrostatic2.0242.280088511612997.1641888738.24818.26509215050422.0225788149100

0.340.0019550996242396.9106.06011.44411.4675761169

0.000.340.00-0.4205.6965.7077344951

542.3258541313Weight1106.060.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 3Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00875.5456.6991.9811.9722.02257881490.92931743771.98221885111.98202599851.98145330061.98051815831.97924898571.97768434571.97587177931.97386636041.97172902251.96952470761.96732039271.96518305481.96317763591.96136506951.95980042951.95853125691.95759611461.95702341671.95683056411.95702341671.95759611461.95853125691.95980042951.96136506951.96317763591.96518305481.96732039271.96952470761.97172902251.97386636041.97587177931.97768434571.97924898571.98051815831.98145330061.98202599851.9822188511-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3019826764-45


45.0-0.501.00502.74432943673.654557941645

Rotation ()090.01.000.00897.2454.5051.9841.9753.654557941690

f0.025041880611091.3176343031Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


3.320.004-10859386028562129.21011.44411.4675761169

0.003.320.0014.8695.6965.7077344951

502.7443294367Weight1129.210.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 4-6Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00883.3157.2021.9631.9592.02257881490.91724903211.96951548741.96985725811.96999081441.96991209811.96962350121.96913379231.96845785121.96761621581.9666344591.96554241081.96437325261.96316250861.96194696681.96076356081.95964824771.95863491571.95775435451.95703331941.95649371881.95615194811.95601839181.9560971081.9563857051.95687541391.9575513551.95839299041.95937474721.96046679541.96163595361.96284669751.96406223931.96524564541.96636095851.96737429051.96825485171.96897588681.9695154874-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00913.9556.6041.9731.975g1.2850747241-45


45.0-0.501.00893.7455.3541.9681.970496.21553507433.716874370145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00905.2454.9901.9661.9623.716874370190

f0.029637218610788.385342902Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


1.770.0020.0025827805133.66011.44411.4675761169

0.691.770.690.0018.0775.6965.7077344951

496.2155350743Weight1133.660.000537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 7Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00873.3756.5581.9861.9792.02257881490.93997217071.9877488321.98760120271.98716280041.98644694581.98547538981.98427765251.98289012661.98135497151.9797188321.97803142131.97634401061.97470787111.97317271591.97178519011.97058745281.96961589681.96890004221.96846163991.96831401061.96846163991.96890004221.96961589681.97058745281.97178519011.97317271591.97470787111.97634401061.97803142131.9797188321.98135497151.98289012661.98427765251.98547538981.98644694581.98716280041.98760120271.987748832-90

Temperature (K)873-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.31691006-45


45.0-0.501.00508.50835195071.237254330445

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.4754.3361.9901.9833.600410101590

f0.021066725293120.6689462333Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


2.420.003-15894245353728125.4481759.020504896611.44411.4675761169

0.002.42-2.2812.2195.6965.7077344951

508.5083519507Weight1123.151.406537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 8Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.1656.3501.9931.9942.02257881490.95617373451.99188836611.9919043321.99195174431.99202916261.99213423451.99226376751.99241382571.99257984981.99275679511.99293928531.99312177551.99329872091.99346474491.99361480321.99374433611.9938494081.99392682631.99397423871.99399020451.99397423871.99392682631.9938494081.99374433611.99361480321.99346474491.99329872091.99312177551.99293928531.99275679511.99257984981.99241382571.99226376751.99213423451.99202916261.99195174431.9919043321.9918883661-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3396086068-45


45.0-0.501.00517.2731119520.671253634245

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.0454.3101.9911.9913.519606555290

f0.0151639501211573.847900375Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.24-0.00010248644131006.8119.99199796.16561135111.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.24-5.588.4925.6965.7077344951

517.273111952Weight1114.413.437537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 12Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.3056.3591.9931.9942.02257881490.95571064851.99156126941.99157735751.99162513311.99170314441.99180902121.99193954641.99209075411.992258051.99243635071.99262023891.9928041271.99298242781.99314972361.99330093131.99343145661.99353733331.99361534471.99366312021.99367920841.99366312021.99361534471.99353733331.99343145661.99330093131.99314972361.99298242781.9928041271.99262023891.99243635071.992258051.99209075411.99193954641.99180902121.99170314441.99162513311.99157735751.9915612694-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.3389598189-45


45.0-0.501.00517.02259061320.671689276745

Rotation ()090.01.000.00894.1954.3191.9901.9913.521890774390

f0.0153303504211536.930145762Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.24-0.00010304455236253.1120.14199771.22004979811.44411.4675761169

0.00-0.24-5.588.5945.6965.7077344951

517.0225906132Weight1114.563.436537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 14-16Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.5556.3761.9921.9932.02257881490.95434874721.99085663671.99063698651.990445151.9902869561.99016721111.99008955371.99005634351.99006858941.99012591941.99022659161.9903675471.99054450291.99075208251.99098397861.99123314511.99149201131.99175271171.99200732491.99224811481.99246776491.99265960151.99281779551.99293754041.99301519781.9930484081.99303616211.99297883211.99287815991.99273720451.99256024861.9923526691.99212077291.99187160641.99161274021.99135203981.99109742661.9908566367-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00906.5856.1481.9891.988g1.337051782-45


45.0-0.501.00883.0754.6941.9911.991516.28582602610.672972108145

Rotation ()090.01.000.00893.6454.2861.9921.9923.528617086890

f0.0158205013211428.248313556Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.16-0.000-0.0013315628120.58199697.72045726311.44411.4675761169

-0.31-0.16-0.31-5.588.8955.6965.7077344951

516.2858260261Weight1115.013.435537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 17-19Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00870.7556.3891.9921.9902.02257881490.94728980181.98814978661.98759857121.98698429241.98632561481.98564255181.98495585821.98428639851.98365451421.98307940461.98257854421.98216715141.9818577261.981659671.9815790011.98161817021.98177598741.98204765751.98242492591.98289632951.98344754481.98406182361.98472050131.98540356421.98609025791.98675971751.98739160181.98796671141.98846757181.98887896471.989188391.98938644611.98946711511.98942794581.98927012861.98899845851.98862119011.9881497866-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00909.4256.3241.9821.983g1.3271621315-45


45.0-0.501.00884.3954.7761.9881.989512.46706117630.679660585845

Rotation ()1.0-2.790.01.000.00896.7454.4741.9851.9833.563687005190

f0.0183798318210862.310326369Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.620.001-0.0029646756122.93199313.48279708111.44411.4675761169

-0.700.62-0.70-5.5710.4925.6965.7077344951

512.4670611763Weight1117.373.428537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 26-28Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00882.2457.1321.9661.9662.02257881490.93618272981.97892941491.97708425841.97528035831.97357252491.97201265011.97064812981.96952042421.96866379821.96810427991.96785886991.9679350251.96833043111.96903307411.97002160461.97126598651.97272840981.97436443971.97612436621.97795471481.97979987121.98160377141.98331160471.98487147961.98623599991.98736370541.98822033151.98877984981.98902525971.98894910471.98855369851.98785105551.98686252511.98561814321.98415571981.98251968991.98075976351.9789294149-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00913.5956.5821.9731.974g1.3116010168-45


45.0-0.501.00881.6254.6041.9951.995506.45833129660.690319580145

Rotation ()10.1-12.990.01.000.00896.7854.4771.9851.9843.619575664890

f0.0224718796209962.87832105Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


0.120.000-0.0106976355126.76198697.67890122811.44411.4675761169

-2.590.12-2.59-5.5513.1435.6965.7077344951

506.4583312966Weight1121.213.418537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 33-35Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.00891.3957.7251.9461.9472.02257881490.88739980681.94252200751.94309173371.94369430181.9443114031.94492428691.94551433141.94606360841.94655542821.94697484721.94730912161.94754809451.9476845051.94771420831.94763630181.94745315281.9471703261.9467964151.9463427811.94582320741.94525348111.9446509131.94403381181.94342092791.94283088341.94228160651.94178978671.94137036761.94103609331.94079712031.94066070981.94063100651.9407089131.94089206211.94117488891.94154879981.94200243381.9425220075-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.00928.4557.5011.9421.941g1.2432556721-45


45.0-0.501.00908.5256.2691.9361.935480.06763108790.739149347545

Rotation ()24.6-27.690.01.000.00914.2955.5401.9471.9483.87560641290

f0.0414484537205881.165372108Mg100Mg90hkldI-180.0


-0.48-0.0010.0032274933145.61195826.33238469411.44411.4675761169

0.90-0.480.90-5.4727.0625.6965.7077344951

480.0676310879Weight1140.143.369537.6525964544540.9823479716

Bet-19 17-19Load (ton)49-90.01.00-0.0088056.9871.9711.9732.02257881490.93946020171.97839986341.97776078781.97725556971.97689956011.97670357591.97667357221.97681046051.97711008161.97756333171.97815643891.9788713821.97968643791.98057684141.98151553811.98247400621.98342312311.98433405031.98517910991.98593262511.98657170071.98707691871.98743292841.98762891261.98765891631.9875220281.98722240681.98676915681.98617604961.98546110651.98464605061.98375564711.98281695041.98185848231.98090936541.97999843811.97915337861.9783998634-90

Temperature (K)1573-45.0-0.50-1.0091056.3601.9811.980g1.3161927865-45

Rotation speed (R/day)0.30.0-2.000.0090155.8031.9841.9791.9811080.89805199190

45.0-0.501.0088454.7521.9891.988508.23138576030.687157057845

Rotation ()1.0-2.790.01.000.0089854.5511.9821.9843.602993506690

f0.0212560153210229.423562042Mg100Mg90hkldId-ave-180.0

Pressure (GPa)15.76Hydrostatic1.9812.136745897511348.59840855218.24818.26509215054002.0662730376402.0350628785

-0.91-0.001-0.0040484462125.62198880.82515348911.44411.46757611690422.0225788149100

-0.97-0.91-0.97-5.5512.3435.6965.7077344951

508.2313857603Weight1120.063.421537.6525964544540.9823479716

Wd Uax+Shear Ana

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

MgO Uax+Shear Ana

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Sheet1

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Sheet2

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

Wd (240)

Wd (240)

Y ()

d ()

MgO Uniaxial and shear stress analysis-900.02305622940.0647321976.3281262934450.06540214760.0618622676.5258891318

-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.5743558865

Energy CalibtrationThermoelastic parameters MgO00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5



-450.06540214760.0618622676.365162162900.03715843640.06070545976.5743558865474.681604.11.451.70771131.02.202.303002402997924588.31045160221367000000000000000000J

00.06540214760.0618622676.4200621201180016.5Stixrude

SampleYMgO (200)YY

numberCh-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530354045505560657075808590()

Bet-19 1Load (ton)0-90.01.00-0.00825.4453.4562.1012.1042.1061.00276919972.10517480892.10523787292.10542514882.10573094632.10614597392.10665762132.10725034212.1079061272.10860505032.10932587542.11004670052.11074562382.11140140872.11199412952.11250577692.11292080452.1132266022.11341387792.1134769422.11341387792.1132266022.11292080452.11250577692.11199412952.11140140872.11074562382.11004670052.10932587542.10860505032.1079061272.10725034212.10665762132.10614597392.10573094632.10542514882.10523787292.1051748089-90

Temperature (K)300-45.0-0.50-1.00g1.4568326915-45


45.0-0.501.0074.88909611652.559691308545

Rotation

Grand challenge program (2002-2007) PIs

Documents

Transcript of Grand challenge program (2002-2007) PIs