GOVERNMENT IN SOUTHWEST ASIA SS7CG4 - The student will explain various forms of government SS7CG5...
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Transcript of GOVERNMENT IN SOUTHWEST ASIA SS7CG4 - The student will explain various forms of government SS7CG5...
GOVERNMENT IN SOUTHWEST ASIA
SS7CG4 - The student will explain various forms of governmentSS7CG5 – The student will explain the structures of the national government of Southwest Asia
ELEMENTS Describe the ways government systems
distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal
Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic
Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential
Compare the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
How do the unitary, confederation, and federal government systems distribute power?
How do autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic governments determine citizen participation?
What are the components of parliamentary and presidential government?
What distinguishes the form of leadership, public voting procedures and personal freedoms in the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran?
DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT
Governments have three basic ways they can distribute power Unitary System
In this system, one central government has all the power and makes the laws, while also giving out smaller units like cities and towns other forms of power.
The central government as the final say on all decision making Federal System
In this system, the central government divides, or shares, the power with smaller units, like a state
Power is given to the regional and local governments, but the central government deals with issues that affect the entire country
Confederation System In this system, each smaller unit has the final say on all decision
making and laws and the central government has no power Central government only makes decisions when they affect the entire
confederation Rarest system in the world
EXAMPLES OF GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS
UNITARY FEDERAL CONFEDERATION
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT
Autocracy “Rule by one” One leader holds all the power Citizens do not participate in any government choices (voting,
taxes) Oligarchy
“Rule by few” Small group holds all the power
Usually the wealthy Only the powerful people have citizenship participation
Democracy “Rule by the people” Citizens hold the power Citizens participate in the government (voting) Citizens are all equal
EXAMPLES OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
Autocracy – Nazi Germany Oligarchy – U.S.S.R. Democracy – United States
TYPES OF DEMOCRACY: PARLIAMENTARY VS PRESIDENTIAL
Power controlled by legislature, or law making group Called Parliament
Headed by prime minister Has a cabinet Answers to the
legislature Government stays in
power indefinitely
Three branches of government with equal powers Executive (enforces laws)
Legislative (makes laws), Judicial (interprets laws)
Checks and balances allows each branch to keep the other from having too much power
People elect the president, and he or she answers to the voters
Parliamentary DemocracyPresidential Democracy
EXAMPLE OF PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
EXAMPLE OF PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
Israel has a unitary system where a central government handles decisions. The prime minister is the head of the government, while the president of Israel is a figurehead with little power. The law making branch is the Knesset, which has 120 members, and the Supreme Court is the court system. Citizens can vote when they are 18, but there is no constitution for set laws
Israel – Parliamentary Democracy
Iran has a theocracy, or a government run by religious leaders. Iran’s lawmaking group is the Assembly of Experts, who choose a Supreme Leader that lasts for life unless voted out. The Supreme Leader is more powerful than the president of Iran. The Assembly has 290 members who serve 4 years, while a Supreme Court and a High Council of Judiciary make sure laws are being enforced. Citizens can vote when they reach 18. Citizens though face different laws, such as being arrested if you disagree with the government, women having little to no rights, and certain rights being based on Islam
Iran - Theocracy
Saudi Arabia has a monarchy and is run by a King, as he is the head of the government and the religious head. The laws are based on Islam and there is no constitution. There is also no legislative branch to make laws. Men can only vote, and they must be 21. Human rights issues are high in Saudi Arabia, such as cruel punishments, unfair trials and abuse. Citizens must obey the Islam law to the highest level
Saudi Arabia - Monarchy