Gonad Glands
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Transcript of Gonad Glands
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GONAD GLANDS
By: Michelle Soroksky, Mahlet Mesfin, & Gaby Valenzuela – Period 2
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Endocrine System• The endocrine system is a collection of glands, each of
which secrets different types of hormones that regulates metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep and mood, among other things.
• The endocrine system Is one of the most important systems because it roduces and manages our hormones making sure there is a balances amount
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Gonad Glands• Gonads are the organs that make gametes. The gonads in
males are the testes and in females they are the ovaries. • Gametes are haploid germ cells. In males they are
spermatozoon and in the females they are the egg cells
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Location
Women: ovaries; on both
sides of the uterus below
the opening of the fallopian
tubes
Men: testes; hang in a
pouch of skin called a scrotum
outside the male body
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Role & Function• The gonads are the male or female sex organs. They
make sperm and egg cells.
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Hormones• Females: estrogen and progesterone
• Males: testosterone androsterone
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Estrogen and Progesterone • Controls a woman’s menstrual cycle• Cyclic changes inside the uterus:• 1. The development, ripening, and discharge of the egg
(ovulation) to be fertilized• 2. The preparation of the lining of the uterus to receive a
fertilized egg• 3. Dismantling of the lining
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Testosterone • Testosterone is the most active and abundant of the
androgens. It helps grow facial hair and helps to create/grow the male reproductive system
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Androsterone
• Androsterone is one of the androgens, which are steroid hormones that affect the masculinization of the fetus and child that maintain or create masculine traits in adults.
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Hypogonadotropic hypogonadismCauses and Symptoms
• Description: a condition in which the gonad glands produce little or no sex hormones.
• Causes: • a lack of hormones that stimulate the
ovaries or testes (FSH)• Genetic defects• High doses or long-term use of opioid or
steroid medications• Symptoms:
• Females: Lack of breasts and menstrual periods
• Males: No development of sex characteristics
• Both: Inability to smell, short stature, lack of development at puberty
Diagram
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Menopause
Description, Causes, & Symptoms
• Description: When a woman does not produce eggs anymore and menstruation has stopped completely
• Causes:• A woman’s ovaries stop making
eggs and they produce less estrogen and progesterone
• Symptoms:• Irregular menstrual periods,
estrogen/progesterone levels decrease, egg production becomes infrequent
Diagram
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Fun Facts
• Females are born with all the eggs they will ever have. Males don't start to make sperm until puberty, and continue to make new supplies their whole life.
• The testes hang away from the body in the scrotum because sperm needs to be kept a few degrees cooler than body temperature to function best.
• The testis are kept separate from the rest of the body by something called the 'blood-testis barrier'. This stops the immune system from seeing the testes, because it would see the sperm cells as foreign and try to destroy them.
• The gonads in both sexes are the main source of sex steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females, testosterone in males)
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Bibliographies• Diagram showing Gonad diseases. Wkimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013.
<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/51/Diagram_showing_the_disruption_of_the_hormonal_pathways_of_puberty_due_to_the_failure_of_GnRH_release_seen_in_KS_and_HH.gif>.
• Endocrine System Diagram. Pauerhome. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.pauerhome.com/ryan/endocrine_system/endocrine_system_diagrams/gonads_diagram.jpg>.
• FAQs. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/Diseases-of-The-Body/Diseases-of-the-Endocrine-Glands.html#b>.
• Fertilization. Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sperm-egg.jpg>.• "The Gonads." FAQs. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/Your-Body/The-Endocrine-
Glands-The-gonads.html>.• Gonads. Medicalook. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.medicalook.com/systems_images/Gonads_large.gif>.• "Human Gonad." Wikipedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Wikipedia. Web. 8 Mar. 2013.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gonad>.• "Spermatozoon." Wikipedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Wikipedia. Web. 8 Mar. 2013.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatozoon>.• Testicle. Medical.cdn.patient.co.uk. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://medical.cdn.patient.co.uk/images/146.gif>.• "Uterus." WiseGeek. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013.
<http://images.wisegeek.com/b85850ab01f30cb0d3e105ab165533e1.jpg>.• Shmaefsky, Brian R. "Gonads." Applied Anatomy & Physiology. N.p.: n.p., 2007.
277-78. Print. • "Menopause." A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print. • Androsterone. Ebay. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://reviews.ebay.com/
What-Are-PROHORMONES-Guide?ugid=10000000006223516>. • "Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism." PubMed Health. N.p., 16 Aug. 2012. Web. 10 Mar.
2013. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001427/>.
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Concept Check• 1. The gonad in males is/are
A) testosteroneB) ovariesC) TestesD) Scrotum
• 2. The gonads in females is/areA) estrogenB) OvariesC) WombD) Fallopian tubes
• 3. The role of Gonads in males is toA) make egg cells B) make sperm cellsC) help with hair growth D) protect organs
• 4.Open Ended: What is the function of the gonads in the human body?
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• C• B• B• Gonads are the organs that make gametes. The gonads
in males are the testes and in females they are the ovaries.