Goal #1: DNA STRUCTURE 11/21/11 I. Genes Sections of DNA that hold instructions to make you!
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Transcript of Goal #1: DNA STRUCTURE 11/21/11 I. Genes Sections of DNA that hold instructions to make you!
1. Is made of…–Carbon–Oxygen–Nitrogen–Hydrogen–Phosphorus
II. DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
This is why we studied
chemistry!
3. Nucleotides• These repeating units made of
Sugar + Phosphate + Base are the basic structure of DNA
c. Nitrogenous Base1. DNA is like a language
with four letters. Those four letters are short hand for the following molecules:
2. A – Adenine 3. T – Thymine4. C – Cytosine5. G - Guanine
6. Purines vs. Pyrimidines
a. Purines- nitrogenous bases with a double ring of carbon and nitrogen• Adenine and Guanine
Sides of ladder are made of deoxyribose sugars & phosphates
Rungs (steps) of ladder are made of Nitrogenous Bases
DNA is often referred to as a ladder because of its ladder-like structure…Let’s use this analogy!
2. James Watson and Francis Crick developed the DNA model
3. they constructed it as a spiral staircase called a double helix
4. Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins took X-ray photographs of DNA crystals before Watson and Crick’s work – these photos were used by Watson & Crick.
4. Watson, Crick and Wilkins were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962
5. Franklin died before 1962 and was not recognized for her contribution because she was already deceased (of cancer)…
6. DNA Twistsa. DNA is generally found as a right-handed twist, but researcher’s have now discovered that DNA sometimes has a left-handed twist.
1. B-DNA: right handed twist
2. Z-DNA: left handed twist