Glossary Nomenclature
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60 Statistical Yearbook PEMEX 2006 Condensate. Liquid hydrocarbons obtained from natural gas recovered in con- ventional surface separators at producing oil and gas fields. In- cludes liquid hydrocarbons condensed in natural gas pipelines. Crude oil. Excludes condensates and natural gas liquids production. The crude oil recovered can be light or heavy as follows: Heavy crude oil. Crude oil with API gravity less or equal than 27°. Most of this oil is produced in the Campeche Basin. Light crude oil. Crude oil with API gravity range from 27° to 38°.This type is produced in the Campeche Basin and others areas in the country. Lighter crude oil. Crude oil with API gravity higher than 38°. Thistype of crude oil is produced in the Mesozoic areas of the Southern RegionRegarding crude oil marketing, Mexico exports three varieties with the following typical char- acteristics: Maya. Heavy crude oil, 22°API gravity and 3.3 weight % sulfur. Istmo. Light crude oil, 33.6°API gravity and 1.3 weight % sulfur. Olmeca. Very light crude oil, 39.3°API gravity and 0.8 weight % sulfur. Domestic sales. Invoiced sales by PEMEX to distributors and national customers throughout the country. Regionalization for sales of refined products. Starting from 2002 the regionalization used by the Presidency of Mexican Republicis adopted. Centre region: Edo. de México, Distrito Federal, More- los, Tlaxcala, Hidalgo and Puebla. Northeast region: Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila,Tam- aulipas and Nuevo León. Northwest region: Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora and Sinaloa. Centre-west region: Nayarit, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Jalisco, Colima, San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato, Querétaro and Michoacán. South-southeast region: Veracruz, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo. Public prices. The public prices that are presented correspond to different ref- erence places and are shown in the folllowing table: Drilling rigs in operation. Average number of rigs daily engaged in drilling wells and cor- responding activities such as disassembling, transport, and main- tenance. Dry natural gas. It is natural gas free of heavier liquid hydrocarbons (natural gas liq- uids) consisting of ethane, propane, butanes and natural gasoline. Field (producing). Fields with producing wells, which include producing and water injection wells in operation and productive wells temporarily shut-off. Glossary Product Reference place Jet fuel Mexico city airport Heavy fuel oil Producing Center Tula Acrylonitrile Embarking Center Tula Ammonia Producing Center Cosoleacaque Vinyl chloride Producing Center Pajaritos Styrene Producing Center Cangrejera Monoethylene glycol FG Producing Center Morelos Ethylene oxide Producing Center Morelos High density polyethylene Producing Center Morelos Low density polyethylene Producing Center Cangrejera Toluene Producing Center Cangrejera
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Glossary Nomenclature
Transcript of Glossary Nomenclature
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StatisticalYearbookP E M E X 2 0 0 6
Condensate.
Liquidhydrocarbonsobtainedfromnaturalgasrecoveredincon-ventional surface separators at producing oil and gas fields. In-cludesliquidhydrocarbonscondensedinnaturalgaspipelines.
Crudeoil.
Excludes condensates and natural gas liquids production.Thecrudeoilrecoveredcanbelightorheavyasfollows:
Heavy crude oil.CrudeoilwithAPIgravitylessorequalthan27°.MostofthisoilisproducedintheCampecheBasin.
Light crude oil.CrudeoilwithAPIgravity range from27° to38°.This type is produced in the Campeche Basin and othersareasinthecountry.
Lighter crude oil.CrudeoilwithAPIgravityhigherthan38°.ThistypeofcrudeoilisproducedintheMesozoicareasoftheSouthernRegionRegardingcrudeoilmarketing,
Mexicoexportsthreevarietieswiththefollowingtypicalchar-acteristics:
Maya.Heavycrudeoil,22°APIgravityand3.3weight%sulfur.
Istmo.Lightcrudeoil,33.6°APIgravityand1.3weight%sulfur.
Olmeca.Very lightcrudeoil,39.3°APIgravityand0.8weight%sulfur.
Domesticsales.
InvoicedsalesbyPEMEXtodistributorsandnationalcustomersthroughoutthecountry.
Regionalizationforsalesofrefinedproducts.
Startingfrom2002theregionalizationusedbythePresidencyofMexicanRepublicisadopted.
Centre region:Edo.deMéxico,DistritoFederal,More-los,Tlaxcala,HidalgoandPuebla.
Northeast region:Chihuahua,Durango,Coahuila,Tam-aulipasandNuevoLeón.
Northwest region:BajaCalifornia,BajaCaliforniaSur,SonoraandSinaloa.
Centre-west region:Nayarit,Zacatecas,Aguascalientes,Jalisco,Colima,SanLuisPotosí,Guanajuato,QuerétaroandMichoacán.
South-southeast region: Veracruz, Guerrero, Oaxaca,Chiapas, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán and QuintanaRoo.
Publicprices.
Thepublicpricesthatarepresentedcorrespondtodifferentref-erenceplacesandareshowninthefolllowingtable:
Drillingrigsinoperation.
Averagenumberofrigsdailyengagedindrillingwellsandcor-respondingactivitiessuchasdisassembling,transport,andmain-tenance.
Drynaturalgas.
Itisnaturalgasfreeofheavierliquidhydrocarbons(naturalgasliq-uids)consistingofethane,propane,butanesandnaturalgasoline.
Field(producing).
Fieldswithproducingwells,whichincludeproducingandwaterinjection wells in operation and productive wells temporarilyshut-off.
Glossary
Product Referenceplace
Jetfuel Mexicocityairport
Heavyfueloil ProducingCenterTula
Acrylonitrile EmbarkingCenterTula
Ammonia ProducingCenterCosoleacaque
Vinylchloride ProducingCenterPajaritos
Styrene ProducingCenterCangrejera
MonoethyleneglycolFG ProducingCenterMorelos
Ethyleneoxide ProducingCenterMorelos
Highdensitypolyethylene ProducingCenterMorelos
Lowdensitypolyethylene ProducingCenterCangrejera
Toluene ProducingCenterCangrejera
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Liquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG).
It isagaseousmixtureofpropaneandbutane indifferentpro-portions.Itisobtainedduringthefractionationofthenaturalgasliquidsorduringthefractionationofthecrudeoilitself.Lighterfractionofcrudeoilusedfordomesticandcarburetionpurposes.
Naturalgas.
Lightparaffinhydrocarbonmixture,meanlymethane,withsmallamountsofethaneandpropane,andinvariableproportionsofnitrogen,carbondioxideandhydrogensulfide.Naturalgascanbeassociatedwithcrudeoilorinindependentforminunassoci-atedgaswells.
Naturalgasoline.
Itisahighlyvolatilemixtureofpentanesandheavierhydrocar-bonsaspartofthenaturalgasliquids.Normallyit isaddedtotheautomotivegasolinetoincreaseitsvaporpressure,aswellasfor starting gasoline engines to low temperatures.The naturalgasoline isalsoused inpetroleumindustryproviding isobutaneandisopentane,whichareusedinthealkylationprocess.
Petrochemicalproducts.
Arethosechemicalswhicharederivedinwholeorinpartfromcrude oil or natural gas. Pemex produces petrochemicals andother products that are classifi ed as basic petrochemicals ac-cording to the governmentresolution published on November13,1996inthegovernment´sofficialdailybulletin.Thefollow-ingbasicpetrochemicalscanbemanufacturedonlybythestatethroughPemexorwholly-ownedPemex´ssubsidiaries.
1.-Ethane2.-Propane3.-Butanes4.-Pentanes5.-Hexane6.-Heptane7.-Carbonblack8.-Naphthas9.-Methane,whenitproceedsfromhydrogencarbidesoriginate
inthereservoirslocatedinnationalterritoryandisusedasrawmaterialinindustrialpetrochemicalprocesses.
Aditionally some products manufactured by Pemex are notstrictlypetrochemicals,neverthelesstheyaretraditionallycon-sideredsosincetheyarerawmaterialsorbyproductsofpetro-chemicalplants.
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ProcessesofPemexRefinación.
Alkylation.Processbymeansofwhichanisoparaffin(ofshortchain)combineswithanolefininthepresenceofacatalysttoformotherisoparaffin(oflargebranched-chain)calledalkylatewhichhasahigh-octane.
Cracking. Cracking process of great oil molecules in smallerones.Whenthisprocessisreachedonlybyapplicationofheat,it is known as thermal disintegration. It is known as catalyticdisintegrationifacatalystisused;andashydrocrackingprocessifitismadeinahydrogenatmosphere.
Distillation. Process that consists of heating up a liquid untiltheirmorevolatilecomponentsget theirvaporphase inordertobeseparated,thereforetheyarerecoveredinliquidphaseby-condensation.Themeanlytargetofthedistillationistoseparateamixtureofseveralcomponentstakingadvantageoftheirdif-ferentboilingpoints,ortoseparatethevolatilematerialsfromthenonvolatileones.
Fractionation.Itisadistillationprocessinwhichsmallfractionsareseparatedfromahydrocarbonmixture.
Hydrodesulfurization.Thisprocesseliminatessulfurbyitstrans-formationintohydrogensulfidefromagaseousstream,whichitcanbeeasilyseparatedandtransformedtoelementalsulfur.
Isomerization. Process by means of which the fundamentalstructureofamoleculeisrearrangedbutnothingisaddedtoortakenawayfromtheoriginalmolecule.Butaneisisomerizedintoisobutaneforbeingusedinisobutylenealkylationandotherolefinsforhigh-octanehydrocarbonproduction.
Reforming. It is a process that improves the octane number(anti-detonationquality)of fractionsof gasolinebymodifyingtheirmolecularstructure.Itisknownascatalyticreformingbe-causeacatalystisused.
Refiningcapacity.
Capacityperdayinoperation,notcapacitypercalendarday.Thecapacityper day in operation refers to themaximumvolumeprocessed by a plant working without interruptions. Capacitypercalendardayincludesthenormalinterruptionsduetomain-tenanceandothercauses.
Region.
GeographycalcoverageassumedbyPemexExploraciónyPro-ducciónforadministrativedivision.TheheadquartersarelocatedalongthecoastoftheGulfofMexico:PozaRica,Ver.(NorthernRegion),Villahermosa,Tab.(SouthernRegion)andCiudaddelCarmen,Cam.(NortheasternMarineRegionandSouthwesternMarineRegion).
Integral assets. Administrativesubdivisionofeachregion.Asaresultoftherestructuringoftheregionsaroundtheirmaininte-gralassets,thesearedistributedasfollows:
Northeastern Marine Region:CantarellandKu-Maloob-Zaap.Southwestern Marine Region: Abkatún-Pol-Chuc andLitoraldeTabasco.Southern Region:Bellota-Jujo,CincoPresidentes,Mac-uspana,MuspacandSamaria-Luna.Northern Region:Burgos,PozaRica-AltamiraandVe-racruz.
Reserves.
Proved reserves (1P). Volumeofhydrocarbonsmeasuredatat-mosphericconditionsthatcanbeeconomicallyproducedwiththemethodsandapplicableexploitationsystemsatthemomentoftheevaluation,asmuchprimaryassecondary.
Probable reserves (2P).Amount of hydrocarbons estimated atspecific date, in perforated or not perforated traps, defi ned bygeologicandgeophysicalmethods,locatedinadjacentproducingdepositsareaswhereitisconsideredthatprobabilitiesexistofob-tainingtechnicallyandeconomicallyproductionofhydrocarbons,atthesamestratigraphiclevelwhereprovenreservesexist.
Possible reserves (3P). Amount of hydrocarbons estimatedatspecificdate,innonperforatedtraps,definedbygeologicandgeophysicalmethods,locatedindistantareasfromtheproduc-ers,butwithinthesameproducinggeologicprovince,withpos-sibilitiesofobtainingtechnicallyandeconomicallyhydrocarbonproduction, at the same stratigraphic level wher e proven re-servesexist.
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SanJoséAgreement.
InAugust3,1980MexicoenteredintoanagreementwithVen-ezuela to provide each one 80,000 barrels of crude oil dailyandrefinedproductstoseveralCentralAmericaandCaribbeancountriesunderfavourablesaleconditions.
Sourgas.
Itisnaturalgascontaininghydrogensulfideandcarbondioxide(theselastoneingreaterconcentrationsupto50ppm).
Specialtaxonproductionandservices(SDPS).
Inthe2005fiscalyear,onlyweremonthlytaxedthegasolinesanddieselforautomotiveusewithataxingformulathatmixinterna-tionalpricesreferences,costofdistributionandotherfactors.
Wells.
Accordingtotheirfunction,wellsareclassifiedinexploratory,which includestratigraphic testwells, anddevelopment,whichincludeinjectionwells.Accordingtothedegreeofcompletion,theyareclassifiedinwellsdrilledandwellscompleted.
Wells drilled.Arethosewhoserotarydrillingoperationhasbeenconcludedandhavecementedcasing,buttheactivitiesofcom-pletionstillhavenotstarted.
Wells completed. Drilled wells whose total depth has beenreached;casinghasbeenrunandcementedandisreadytopro-duceafterbeingperforatedcontiguouslytotheproducingzone;tubing is run; and control and flow valves are installed at thewellhead.
Wetgas.
Itisnaturalgasthatcontainsmorethan3gallonsofliquidhy-drocarbonsperthousandcubicfeetofgas.
Notes:
–Thetotalsmaynotaddduetorounding.–Annualchangesareonaweightbasis.–Theamountsfordomesticsalesandforeigncommercecomefromoperativeareasandtheycannot
coincidewiththefiguresgivenbyfinancialareasduetothetimeelapsedbetweenphysicaldeliveryoftheproductanditsaccountrecord.
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°C Celsiusdegrees
kg/cm2 Kilogrampersquarecentimeter
km Kilometer
m Meter
bd Barrelsdaily
Mbd Thousandbarrelsdaily
MMb Millionbarrels
MMbpce Millionbarrelsofcrudeoilequivalente
Mm3 Thousandcubicmeters
MMMpc Billioncubicfeet
MMpcd Millioncubicfeetdaily
Mt Thousandtonnes
MTBE Methyltertiary-butylether
SDPS Specialtaxonproductionandservices
INPC Nationalpriceindextoconsumer
VAT Valueaddedtax
CPG Gasprocessingcenter
OPEC OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries
PGPB PemexGasyPetroquímicaBásica
PIDIREGAS Projectsofproductiveinfrastructureoflongterm
ppm Partspermillion
MMUS$ MillionofU.S.dollars
MM$ MillionofMexicanpesos
US$/b U.S.dollarsperbarrel
US$/MMBtu U.S.dollarspermillionofBTU
WTI WestTexasIntermediate
$/kg Mexicanpesosperkilogram
$/m3 Mexicanpesospercubicmeter
... Negligiblefigure
- Zerovalue
Nomenclature
Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) es una empresa paraestatal integrada y es responsable de desarrollar los recursos de hidrocarburos del país. Es tam-bién una de las mayores productoras de petróleo crudo y gas natural del mundo, operando a través de un corporativo y cuatro organismos subsidia-rios: PEMEX Exploración y Producción se encarga de explorar y desarrollar las reservas de petróleo crudo y gas natural de México. PEMEX Refinación se ocupa de transformar el petróleo crudo en gasolinas, turbosinas, diesel, combustóleo y gas licuado del petróleo, así como de distribuir y comercializar la mayor parte de dichos productos en el país. PEMEX Gas y Petroquímica
Básica procesa gas natural y líquidos del gas natural; transporta, distribuye y comercializa gas natural y gas licuado en México; y elabora y comercia-liza varios productos petroquímicos básicos. PEMEX Petroquímica produce y comercializa materias primas petroquímicas entre las cuales se incluyen, derivados del metano y del etano como el amoniaco, metanol y polietilenos, además de otras olefinas y aromáticos. PMI Comercio Internacional, empresa subsidiaria de PEMEX, proporcio-na a los cuatro organismos subsidiarios servicios relacionados con el comer-cio exterior.
