Invasive Species Project Invasive Species Project The Common Carp.
Global Invasive Species Information Network
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Jim Graham 08/08/2009 ESA 2009 Global Invasive Species Information Network Michael Browne, Jim Graham, Annie Simpson TDWG 2009
description
Global Invasive Species Information Network. Michael Browne, Jim Graham, Annie Simpson. TDWG 2009. Impact of Invasive Species Globally. “On a global basis…the two great destroyers of biodiversity are, first, habitat destruction and, second, invasion by exotic species.” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Global Invasive Species Information Network
Jim Graham08/08/2009 ESA 2009
Global Invasive Species Information Network
Michael Browne, Jim Graham, Annie Simpson
TDWG 2009
Jim Graham
“On a global basis…the two great destroyers of biodiversity are, first, habitat destruction and, second, invasion by exotic species.”
-E.O. Wilson (in Strangers in Paradise)
Impact of Invasive Species Globally
Jim Graham08/08/2009 ESA 2009
Invasive Species
Rat attacking New Zealand fantail Photo: David Mudge
Mnemiopsis leidyi (comb jelly)
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Invasive Species
Photo: The Nature Conservancy Photo: Tracy Davern, NIISS
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Invasive SpeciesBrown-tree Snake
Kudzu
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Purple Loosestrife
Photo: Steve Dewey, Utah State University
Photo: Randy Westbrooks, USGS, Bugwood.org
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Shared problem species
Water hyacinth: Florida (USA), Kafu (Zambia), Lake Victoria (Kenya), Bhopal (India). Photos : Don Schmitz, M. Mumba, Aquarius Systems, Wisconsin, USA, Indian Inst. of Forest Management
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Invasive Species Global Cost Estimates
Pimentel et al. (2001) estimate IAS damage at 5% of the US$31 trillion World Economy, or
US$1,400,000,000,000 each year, or RMB 9,450,000,000,000
Equivalent to China’s gross domestic product for 2003.
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“Information exchange is crucial for effective responses to invasive species problems” (CBD)
Prevention info:• Records of invasiveness• Global distributions of IAS• Introduction and dispersal information• Evidence of impacts• Biology and ecology• Taxonomic expertise and identification tools
Eradication and control info:• Management strategies and techniques• Case studies, sharing lessons learned
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Shared expertise, knowledge, solutions
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Q. Does this species have an “innate” invasive capability?“[Only] one factor has consistently high correlation with invasiveness: whether or not the species is invasive elsewhere” (Wittenberg and Cock 2001).We need to know which species are invasiveWho says?
Q. Is it likely to become invasive if introduced in a particular receiving environment? What would the likely impacts be?
We need to know a lot more:Traits, tolerances and requirements, key associationsInvasion case studies (spread, impacts, management)Relevant factors about the receiving environment
Records of prior invasiveness are crucial for screening and risk analysis
Data-rich resources
Information-rich resources
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Generic:• Examples of Biosecurity strategies• Links to national and regional legislation (e.g. import health standards)• Protocols for risk assessment• Case studies of how introduction decisions are made in practice
Species-specific:• Records of invasion• Information on pest status of species throughout its introduced range• Case studies on early detection and rapid response• Risk assessments from around the world
Information for prevention
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and damage Photos: L.D. Dwinell, USDA Forest Service
www.forestryimages.org
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Management guidelinesMustela vison (American mink)
1. General ConsiderationsTiming / cost of controlPotential for eradication
2. Monitoring / TrackingTracking tunnelsField surveysMink rafts
3. Preventative MeasuresExclusion fencingMink farm regulations (prevention of escape)
4. Physical ControlTrappingEuropean case studiesUse of trained dogs
5. Biological ControlFacilitation of otter recovery
6. Educational AwarenessEducation of the public
7. Integrative ManagementRestoration of environment / habitat
8. ResearchPopulation modelling
9. Humane ConsiderationsEthical dilemmasLegislation
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Wide variety of data formats
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IAS Database Purpose can vary:
• Visualize existing invasions• Early detection• Track treatments• Occurrences only• Advertise successes• Highlight problem areas• Different taxonomic groups• Different habitat types
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• Fill information gaps• Provide easy info access• Integrate data from all partners• Facilitate incorporation of data
into global networks• Enhance the public’s
understanding of the problem
(Invasive Species) Information Sharingin a Nutshell
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• Interpret scientific data so that it is useful to the non-scientist
• Maintain provider-controlled data• Respect intellectual property rights• Provide open access to information
Rules for (Invasive Species) Information Sharing
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Distributed network• Framework that allows
invasive species databases to be accessed by other servers• Facilitates use of data from a variety of providers• Standardize and integrate data
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GISIN will facilitate the exchange of the following data types:
Additional Data Models:
Species Resources:- Taxon- Language- Type: Profile,
Image, etc.
Species Status (BioStatus):- Taxon- Location- Date- Harmful- Origin
ImpactStatusManagementStatusDispersalStatusRelationships?
Occurrences:- Date- Location- Taxon
Additional Data Models:
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Top DesiresCross-database search
Specified to invasive speciesAcquire data for research & management:
Multiple scalesAny regionAny species
Share information on managing species
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SituationEach provider wants to control their data and receive credit for itProviders want users to be directed to their web sitesProviders have some concern over a centralized database taking control of their data
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GISIN System
Web Browser
Database
ProvidersInternet
DatabaseDatabase
Cache
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GISIN ComponentsWeb portal (initial)RegistryData Cache (since last week)PHP Toolkit (3rd beta release)File Upload Web Site (prototyped)All at: www.gisin.org
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Next StepsAdd additional providers:
Which ones? Training?User’s manuals?
Share data broadlyIPT, TAPIR on GISINGISIN on GISIN
Develop/encourage applicationsWeb portal features?
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Workshop TopicsWhat problems will providers have?Mapping GISIN to IPTWhich providers are the highest priority?Which user manuals are needed?
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What problems will providers have?
IT Issues:PHP toolkit (as opposed to ASP or JSP)Internet connectionSetting up and maintaining web serviceQuery Performance
Mapping data fields to GISINDatabase schema -> GISIN ConceptsReal vocabulary meanings
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Data QualityCurrent problems:
Lat/Lon: 0, 40, 40 10 15Scientific names: Format, spelling, common names, abbreviationsDates: FormatCorrect mapping to controlled vocabularies
Cleaning can help and/or hide problemsReal desire is high-quality data from providers, but how?
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GISIN to IPTFor cache?For providers?
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Prioritizing ProvidersStrategy?
Amount of data?IT sophistication?Diversity of data?Quality of data?Interest?
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User ManualsContent?
Mapping data fields to GISIN concepts?File upload?Setting up web services?Data collection?Data management?
Distribution?Online?Paper?
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Find relevant information on invasive speciesCheck lists and distribution recordsProfile URLs – general info on a speciesSpecies occurrence data
Facilitate the exchange of IAS dataExpose IAS data to consumers
e.g. biodiversity databases can leverage native/alien data and invasiveness datae.g. GRIS and GISD can regularly harvest data
Improve access to data e.g. for analyses and modeling
e.g predicting potential distribution
How can GISIN help?
