Global Inequalities
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Transcript of Global Inequalities
Global Inequalities
Affluenza videoAffluenza video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFZz6ICzpjI&eurl=http://www.geographyalltheway.com/ib_geography/ib_development/what_is_development.htm
Water
Education Food
Shelter
Health Care
Aspect of Life
UN declaration on PovertyUN declaration on Poverty
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vddX4n30sXY Video
• http://www.miniature-earth.com/me_english.htm 100 people video http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_pearson_atlas_1/dnd/WPo_Vill.html IWB interactive Quiz
• http://globalrichlist.com/ interactive How rich are you?
Use the heading Patterns of inequalityRead pgs 283-285 of your text and answer
UTT Q1-7 p285
The State of the WorldThe State of the World• Today, across the world, 1.3 billion
people live on less than $1 a day.
• 3 billion live on under $2 a day.
• 1.3 billion have no access to clean water.
• 3 billion have no access to sanitation.
• 2 billion have no access to electricity.
MEDCsMEDCs• Population generally employed in
manufacturing or in service industries• Vast communication and transportation
networks• Annual capita income above $7,620• Adequate food and housing• Many schools—high literacy rate• Low infant mortality rate• Long life expectancy
LEDCsLEDCs• Population generally employed in
farming, mining, or forestry• Few natural resources for industry• Few transportation or communication
networks• Few schools—low literacy rate• Food and housing inadequate or poor• High infant mortality rate• Short life expectancy
Doing dishes in southern Mali
The World’s ChildrenThe World’s Children
• More than 1 billion (50%) live in poverty.
• Over 600 million (34%) live in dwellings with more than 5 people per room or that have a mud floor.
• Over 500 million (31%) have no kind of toilet facility.
The State of the WorldThe State of the World
• Nearly 376 million (20%) use unsafe water or have a 15 minute walk to water.
• 10.6 million died in 2003 before they reached the age of 5 (equal to the children population of France, Germany, Greece, and Italy).
The State of the WorldThe State of the World
• In the least developed countries 45% of children do not attend school
• Per-capita income in countries with a literacy rate of less than 55% averages about $600.
One in five of the world's population lives on One in five of the world's population lives on
less than a dollar a dayless than a dollar a day • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/71790
19.stm Kenya 2008
• BUT 2 videosBUT 2 videoshttp://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_shows_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen.html
Hans Rosling 2006 TED talk Hans Rosling 2006 TED talkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPt8ElTQMIg&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Egoogle%2Ecom%2Freader%2Fview%2F%3Fadded%3D1&feature=player_embedded
Han’s the world’s change in 200 years Han’s the world’s change in 200 years
DevelopmentDevelopment
• What is development video?• http://au.youtube.com/watch?v=pRmjoF5nv6s&eurl=http://
www.google.com/reader/view/?added=1
• http://blip.tv/file/835101 devt video contrasting levels of development between Norway and Niger
Definitions for Global Indicators of Definitions for Global Indicators of DevelopmentDevelopment
• Purchasing Power Parity. This is a comparative measure of the cost of goods in different countries. It is often applied to a ‘basket of goods’. The basket of goods contains a group of basic goods and services that are needed, and the comparison is often made between the numbers of hours needed to work to make enough income to buy this ‘basket of goods’ in different countries.
GDP Per capitaGDP Per capita
• Gross Domestic Product per person (per capita). This is the value of all goods and services produced within a country, usually over one year. This is a more useful measure to Geographers, and is the GDP of a country divided by the total population. It is often used as a measure of the relative income of people within different countries.
The State of the WorldThe State of the World
• The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the poorest 48 nations (i.e. a quarter of the world's countries) is less than the wealth of the world's three richest people combined.
RICH WORLD,POOR WORLDRICH WORLD,POOR WORLD• WORLD’S TEN RICHEST COUNTRIES 2008• Rank Country GDP - per capita (2008)• 1. Luxembourg $ 68,8002• 2. Equatorial Guinea $ 50,2003.• 3. United Arab Emirates $ 49,7004.• 4. Norway $ 47,8005.• 5. Ireland $ 43,6006.• 6. United States $ 43,500• 7. Andorra $ 38,8008.• 8. Iceland $ 38,1009.• 9. Denmark $ 37,00010.• 10. Austria $ 35,500• Source: CIA World Factbook
• http://snippets.com/what-is-the-gdp-per-capita-for-every-country.htm The GDP of every country
Rich WorldRich World
• Interactive where is bulging with wealth http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/whereswealth.html
• Billionaires by continent http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/wherebillionaires.html
GNI Per CapitaGNI Per Capita
• Gross National Income per person. This is now used more frequently and has similar comparative values to GDP per capita and the now infrequently used GNP per capita.
Celebrity Celebrity BillionairesBillionaires
Guess who…
I am the world’s richest man, valued at
$56 billion
Now aged 51, I am involved with tackling AIDS in Africa and set up my own charity to
help them
So far, I have given away
nearly $30bn of my fortune
to good causes
I made my money as the
inventor of Microsoft Windows
My name is Bill Gates
My name is Joanne and I am a 42 year
old writer
I have sold over 325 million books - the last four have been the fastest selling books in
history
I have a fortune of £545 million
which makes me the thirteenth
richest woman in Britain
I have donated £22 million to Comic Relief
I am the author of the Harry Potter
books
My name is JK Rowling
I am the third richest man in the
world, worth $52 billion
I made my money through
investing in insurance companies
Recently I gave $30
billion of my fortune to
the Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation - the largest
single donation
ever made in the USA
I only earn $100,000 a
year and still live in the
same house that I bought in 1958 for $31,500
My Name is Warren Buffet
I am 53 and the world's only black
billionaire for three years in a
row
I am also, according to
many assessments, the most influential woman in the
world
I am an influential book critic, an
Oscar nominated actress, and a
magazine publisher, as well
as an award winning chat show
host
In 2005 alone I donated $303
million to charity
My chat show is called The
Oprah Winfrey Show
My name is Oprah
Winfrey
I am a Russian oil billionaire worth
$18.2 billion
In Russia, I am well known as the governor of
Chukotka in the far northeast of the
country
I am best known in the UK as the
owner of Chelsea Football Club
My name is Roman
Abramovich
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALANDAUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
142 James Packer39 5.5 Australia 172 Frank Lowy & family 76 4.6 Australia 369 Richard Pratt72 2.5 Australia 407 Harry Triguboff74 2.3 Australia 557 John Gandel72 1.8 Australia 557 Stanley Perron84 1.8 Australia 717 Kerry Stokes65 1.4 Australia 754 Andrew Forrest45 1.3 Australia 799 Gerald Harvey67 1.2 Australia 891 Gina Rinehart53 1.0 Australia
RICH WORLD,POOR WORLDRICH WORLD,POOR WORLD
• WORLD’S TEN POOREST COUNTRIES 2008• RankCountryGDP - per capita (2008)• 1.Malawi $ 6002.• 2.Somalia $ 6003.• 3.Comoros $ 6004.• 4. Solomon Islands $ 6005.• 5. Congo, Democratic Republic of the $ 7006.• 6. Burundi $ 7007• 7. East Timor $ 8008.• 8. Tanzania $ 8009.• 9. Afghanistan $ 80010.• 10.Yemen $ 900• Source: CIA World Factbook• But it is an inadequate measure
http://www.aneki.com/richest.html• http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/business/global/15gdp.html?_r=2
Human Development Index:Human Development Index:
• An indicator that provides more of a measure of the quality of life of people living within a country.
• Measured by the United Nations Development Program.
• Takes into account income, life expectancy and access to education
Human Development IndexHuman Development Index
Graphic Source: Wikipedia
HOW MUCH ISTHAT….?
A CAN OF COKE
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$0.77or
41p
In the USA $1
In China $0.44
In South Africa $0.73
In Russia $1.41
A BIG MAC
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$3.61or
£1.94
In the USA $3.29
In China $1.31
In South Africa $2.30
In Russia $1.78
4GB iPOD NANO
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$286or
£152
In the USA $249
In China $299
In South Africa $321
In Russia $299
NIKE TRIAX
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$139or
£75
In the USA $90
In China $89.93
In South Africa $181.59
In Russia $126.71
GDP per capita•USA $44,000
•UK $31,800
•CHINA $7,700
•SOUTH AFRICA $13,300
•RUSSIA $12,200FIGURES IN US$SOURCE:https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
DISCUSSION POINTS
•What do you notice about the price differences?
•What proportion of their average income must people in each country spend to get these goods?
•Why do people in different countries want to buy these goods?
•What is purchasing power parity?
Bono TED videoBono TED video
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/bono_s_call_to_action_for_africa.html
Technology fights poverty Technology fights poverty videosvideos
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/iqbal_quadir_says_mobiles_fight_poverty.html Mobiles
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/nicholas_negroponte_on_one_laptop_per_child_two_years_on.html Laptops
• A last word from Hans• http://www.gapminder.org/videos/ted-talks
/hans-rosling-ted-talk-2007-seemingly-impossible-is-possible/