Global Challenges. Challenge: Gaining Rights and Equality for Women In Africa, small self-help...
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Transcript of Global Challenges. Challenge: Gaining Rights and Equality for Women In Africa, small self-help...
![Page 1: Global Challenges. Challenge: Gaining Rights and Equality for Women In Africa, small self-help associations developed among women In Chile, the fight.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062719/56649ec75503460f94bd37c2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global Challenges
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Challenge: Gaining Rights and Equality for Women
• In Africa, small self-help associations developed among women
• In Chile, the fight for women’s rights was part of a movement against the dictatorship of Pinochet
• In South Korea, it was part of a democracy movement
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The United Nations declared 1975 International Woman’s Year
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But at the Beijing Conference in 1995, divisions emerged over inheritance
• Some wanted equal inheritance for daughters and sons
• But under Islamic law, sons receive twice the amount
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And a Global Backlash
• Some felt feminism challenged traditional values
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Challenge: Modernity’s Challenge to the World’s Religions
Fundamentalism
• A militant piety in every major religious tradition
• Term derived from U.S.A. where religious conservatives were outraged by challenges to Bible
• Called for a return to the fundamentals of the faith
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Hindu Fundamentalism
• Hindu nationalism
• A politicization of religion
• In increasingly popular Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP),Muslims were viewed as outsiders
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Islamic Fundamentalism
• Against Western cultural intrusion
• Qu’ran and Sharia to provide guidance
• Jihad or struggle to please God
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The Leading Figures of Islamic Fundamentalism
• Mawlana Mawdudi from India
• Sayyid Qutb from Egypt
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• In Sudan, adopted Quranic punishments
• Egyptian Islamic Jihad assassinated Sadat
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In Iran (1979) and Afghanistan (1996), Islamic movements came to power
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Challenge: Confronting Poverty and Inequality through Religion
• Liberation Theology a) A Christian social action movement in Latin America
• “Socially Engaged Buddhism” in Asia
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Challenge: Protecting the Environment
• Impact of Human Population
a) Quadrupling of world population in single century
b) Impact of fossil fuels 1. Global warming 2. Diminished habitats
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The Romantic Poets
• Environmentalism began in nineteenth century with the Romantic poets
a) Denounced Industrial Revolution
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Second-Wave of Environmentalism
• Began with Rachel Carson’s book – “Silent Spring” in 1962
a) Described the dangers of chemical pesticides on the environment and humans
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Green Party
• German environmental movement that entered political arena
a) Opposition to nuclear power
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Chikpo Movement in India
• “Tree-hugging” movement
• In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement
• The name of the movement came from the word “embrace”, as the villagers hugged trees, and prevented contractors’ from felling them
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The North/South Divide
• Global South felt environmental initiatives would curtail needed industrial development
a) U.S. refusal to sign Kyoto Protocol to reduce carbon emissions
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A Challenge to Modernity
• Need for sustainability as opposed to endless growth
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