GIS in land suitability mapping
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Transcript of GIS in land suitability mapping
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Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (GSDI) Training Workshop
Theme: “Spatial Data Infrastructure Capacity Building for West-African Professionals”(Date: 22nd – 28th May, 2011)
Practical Demonstration on
GIS in Land Suitability Mapping for Precision Farming
Regional Centre for Training in Aerospace Surveys (RECTAS)Off Road 1, Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, P.M.B. 5545, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
byEnaruvbe, G.O.
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Goals of GIS in Precision Farming
• Improve soil management techniques
• Improve yield per hectare of farmland
• Improve profit per farm input
• Decision support for efficient management of farming input
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Goals of GIS in Precision Farming
• GIS can also be applied in other aspects of farming
– Precision fertilizer application
– Productivity estimation
– Monitoring crop diseases
– Among many other areas
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Goals of GIS in Precision Farming
• The goal of this presentation is to demonstrate the use of ArcGIS in soil suitability evaluation.
• Available dataset include geo-referenced soil data
• This is saved in a folder “soil25052011”on the desktop of your computer.
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Expected Result of this Exercise
• At the end of this exercise, we should be able to identify areas that are suitable, moderately suitable and highly suitable for the production of crop ‘X` based on soil characteristics only
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Launch ArcGIS 9.x
Program| ArcGIS | ArcCatalog
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Launch ArcGIS 9.x
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Connect to Folder containing the data
File | Connect folder | Navigate to “soil25052011” on the desktop
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Connect to Folder containing the data
File | Connect folder | Navigate to “soil25052011” on the desktop
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Connect to Folder containing the data
File | Connect folder | Navigate to “soil25052011” on the desktop
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Connect to Folder containing the data
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Lunch ArcMap
Tools | ArcMap
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Launch ArcMap
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Lunch ArcMap
OK
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Add Data
File | Add Data
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Add Data
Double click “sOIL PROP.xls”
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Add Data
Select Sheet$1 | Add
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Add DataDisplay XY Data
Right-click the theme display on the TOC to the left and select Display XY Data
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Click Edit
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Click select…
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Double click Geographic Coordinate Systems
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Double click World
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Double Click WGS 1984.prj & click Ok until points are displayed on the ArcMap screen
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Add Data
Select sheet$1 Events
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Convert data from events to theme
Right Click sheet$1 | Data | export data. This converts the sheet$1 event to shapefile
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The theme that appears now is a shapefile
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Raster Data Interpolation
In ToolsBox, 3D Analyst | Raster interpolation | Krigging(you can also use IDW)
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Double click Krigging
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Data Interpolation
Select shapefile theme ( not event) to interpolate e.g. Sample | for Z value pick the property of interest e.g. pH then OK
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Interpolated Surface
Output is a surface interpolation of pH-Value
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Interpolated Surface
• Repeat steps in slides 26-30 for all the properties you want to include as criteria in the suitability evaluation.
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Reclass soil
Raster Reclass | Reclassify
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Data Classification
Raster Reclass | Double click Reclassify
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Select Layer to Reclass
Input raster select raster to reclass e.g. pH | Classify
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Data Classify
Select input raster | Click Classify
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Classification method choose equal interval | class choose the number of classes desired e.g. 3 then OK
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Classification method choose equal interval | class choose the number of classes desired e.g. 3 then OK
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Output of reclass operation
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Reclass
• Repeat steps in slides 32-38 to reclass all the criteria required
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Overlay Operation
Raster Math | double click Plus
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Overlay Operation
Select reclassified criteria e.g. pH reclass and P reclass as two criteria for overlay
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• Repeat steps in slide 40 & 41, but always take the result of the last overlay operation as input 1 and any other criteria as input two.
• Do this till you satisfy all criteria of interest e.goverlay of N, P, K and Yield
• This means you keep increasing the criteria and you classes are likely to keep changing as you do that.
•
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Label the Classes
Right click the reclass theme | open attribute table| Options | Add Events
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Name e.g. Classes| Type is text| OK
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Edit Table
Editor | Start Editing. You may be prompted for the folder to edit. Choose the arcinfoworkspace folder
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Identify Classes
Double click on the cells under classes and type in Suitability classes e.g. Highly suitable, moderately suitable, suitable or not suitable,
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You now stop editing and close dialogue box
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Double Click Reclass on TOC| click symbology| unique values | select “classes” from drop down
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Soil Suitability Map Showing Classes
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THANK YOU!