GIS by Avnish Kr. Chauhan 10pmb021
Transcript of GIS by Avnish Kr. Chauhan 10pmb021
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GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SYSTEM (GIS)
PRESENTED BY:-
AVNISH KUMAR CHAUHAN
MBA A
10/PMB/021
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GIS SOME DEFINITIONS
GIS may include manual systems, however, it usuallyrefers to a computerised database system for capture,storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial data.
GIS is capable of assisting the storage, retrieval andmanipulation of spatially referenced data such as streetaddress or a census tract .
GIS is most useful when used to perform dataanalysis
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Ageographic information system (GIS) captures,
stores, analyses, manages, and presents data that is
linked to location.
Is a computer based information system used to
represent and analyse the geographic features present
on the Earth surface and the events taking place on it.
GIS SOME DEFINITIONS (cont..)(cont..)
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THE HISTORY
First developed in North America, particularly
the U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s
Previously been used in natural resources and
environmental research
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THE NEED FOR GISTHE NEED FOR GIS
The possibilities are unlimited Environmental impact assessment
Resource management
Land use planning
Tax Mapping
Water and Sanitation Mapping
Transportation routing
and more ...
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USES OF GIS
GIS can be used by any business that utilises geographical
information.
For example:
exploration and mining companies use GIS information to find out
prospective areas for exploration and mining and also to analyse the
orebody.
power companies use GIS to monitor and analyse the electricity load on
the grid network for a particular area
retail trade companies using GIS to determine the best location for a
new outlet.
transportation companies use GIS to help determine the best route for
delivering there good at less time.
GIS data is nowadays also used on the Internet for giving an graphical
representation of the users querying.
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COMPONENTS OF A GIS SYSTEM
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
DATA
PEOPLE
METHODS
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HOW GIS WORKS
GIS data has a spatial/geographic reference
This might be a reference that describes afeature on the earth using:
a latitude & longitude a national coordinate system an address
a district a wetland identifier a road name
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FACTORS AIDING THERISEOF GIS
Computer Technology.
Remote Sensing.
Global Positioning System.
Revolution in Information Technology.
Communication Technology.
Rapidly declining cost of Computer Hardware, and at the same
time, exponential growth of operational speed of computers.
Enhanced functionality of software and their user-friendliness.
Visualizing impact of GIS corroborating the Chinese proverb "apicture is worth a thousand words."
Geographical feature and data describing it are part of our
everyday lives & most of our everyday decisions are influenced by
some facet of Geography.
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PHILOSOPHYOF GIS
The proliferation of GIS is explained by its unique ability to assimilate data from
widely divergent sources, to analyse trends over time, and to spatially evaluate
impacts caused by development.
For an experienced analyst, GIS is an extension one's own analytical thinking.The system has no in-built solutions for any spatial problems; it depends upon
the analyst.
The importance of different factors of GIS in decreasing order is as under:
Spatial Analysis
Database
Software
Hardware
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Planning of project
Make better decisions
Visual Analysis
Improve Organizational
Integration
ADVANTAGES OF GIS
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