GIS 1 Gnu Linux

8/14/2019 GIS 1 Gnu Linux

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GNU, Linux and Open Source

GNUGNU

KernelKernel

GNU/ LinuxGNU/ LinuxOpenSourceOpenSource


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GNUGNU - GGNUsNNot UUnix

GNUGNU (pronounced g'noo) is a free operatingsystem

GNUGNU was invented by Richard Stallman in1983 at MIT

Stallman quit his job at MIT so that theycould not claim ownership and interfere withdistributing GNUGNU as free software


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GNUGNU GNU/ LinuxGNU/ Linux

The members of the GNUGNU project tried to build their ownkernel (HURDHURD) to get a fully functional free operating system

In 1992, GNUGNU was combined with a free Unix-compatible

kernel called LINUXLINUX

It is distributed as GNU/LinuxGNU/Linux Suse, Debian/Linux, Red Hat

In 2005, the distributer Debian released the first GNUGNU with itsown kernel HURDHURD Debian HURD


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GNU/ Linux -GNU/ Linux - develpoersdevelpoers

Richard Stallman

Linus Torvalds


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KERNELKERNEL the core

a kernelkernel is the core of an operatingsystem

its responsible for providing secureaccess to the machine's hardware and

to various computer processes


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KERNELKERNEL the core


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KERNELKERNEL types

monolith kernel (UNIX, Linux, MS/DR- DOS) more powerful Drivers and modules are embedded in to the kernel which improves the

speed of a OS

microkernel (WinNT 4, Mac OS X ) less powerful provides a small set of simple hardware drivers and uses

external applications to provide more functionality

hybrid kernels (Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc)

others


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LINUX-KERNELLINUX-KERNEL

In 1991, Linus Torvalds (Finland)wrote a Unix-compatible kernel (v0.01)

LINUXLINUX (LINULINUs uniXX)

It was available for free, butcopyrighted on the Internet


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1993 it became a part ofGPLGPL(GGeneral PPublic LLicense)

Single person and group developersstarted distributing GNU/LinuxGNU/Linux

systems as standalone OSOS


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1993 it became a part ofGPLGPL(GGeneral PPublic LLicense)

Single person and group developersstarted distributing GNU/LinuxGNU/Linux

systems as standalone OSOS


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GPLGPL General Public License

GPLGPL was released in January 1989

The latest version of the license, v2,was released in 1991


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GPLGPL grants

the freedom to run the program for any purpose

the freedom to study how the program works and

modify it(Access to the source code is a precondition for this)

the freedom to redistribute copies

the freedom to improve the program, and releasethe improvements to the public (Access to thesource code is a precondition for this)


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Win vs. Linux startupWin vs. Linux startup

startup Windows XP startup Linux

You see what you get !


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Win vs. Linux promptWin vs. Linux prompt

MS-DOS prompt GNU/ Linux prompt


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Win vs. KDE environmentWin vs. KDE environment

Windows XP GNU/Linux KDE 3.3


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OpenSourceOpenSource free as in free speech

Its source code is published and madeavailable to the public, enabling anyone to

copy, modify and redistribute the sourcecode without paying royalties or fees

Since the early 1960s most software wasdeveloped in an open source manner


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OpenSourceOpenSource examples

General:General: Linux (kernel) KDE/ GNOME (desktop environment)

Apache (webserver) MySQL (database) OpenOffice.org (office) Mozilla (browser)

GIS Software:GIS Software: UMN MapServer (mapserver) Grass (GIS)


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OpenSourceOpenSource costs

MICROSOFT/ ESRI:MICROSOFT/ ESRI: OpenSource:OpenSource:

$480ArcGISDocumentation

Set

$1,500ArcView

~$500Office2k3

~$250WindowsXP

$0Documentation

$0UMN Mapserver

$0GRASS

$0OpenOffice.org

$0GNU/Linux


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LINKSLINKS

http://www.wikipedia.com

http://www.gnu.org

http://www.kernel.org

http://www.linux.org

http://www.suse.com http://www.debian.org

http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd
http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.gnu.org/http://www.kernel.org/http://www.linux.org/http://www.suse.com/http://www.debian.org/http://www.debian.org/ports/hurdhttp://www.debian.org/ports/hurdhttp://www.debian.org/http://www.suse.com/http://www.linux.org/http://www.linux.org/http://www.kernel.org/http://www.kernel.org/http://www.gnu.org/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/

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