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Transcript of Generations of User Interfaces Chapter 3 Generations of User Interfaces n A designer needs to learn...
Generations of User Interfaces
Chapter 3
Generations of User Interfaces
A designer needs to learn past User Interface techniques.
User Interface generations parallels hardware generations
Batch Systems ( 0-Dimension)
little need for interaction Examples: Payroll
systems, Email servers, file backup
Or, user needs to watch progress of batch jobs. -- the last command may fail.
Line-Oriented interfaces ( 1-D)
– Start the Compiler
cmp start
– Stop the Compiler
cmp stop
Line-Oriented interfaces ( 1-D)
Time-sharing -many users share computer resources “at the same time”
Teletypewriter (TTY) display “glass TTYs” Question and Answer Menu driven -- Telephone menu Command lines - airplane reservation system Exact format is needed E.g. “Enter City” Today’s use: walk-up-and-use systems
Forms -(2D)
Can use the whole screen with the Tab or arrow keys.
Form-filling dialogues (still in use today)
Function keys (accelerations)
Full-Screen Interfaces (2-D)
Menu Hierarchies (a menu is a list of items) Broad and deep menu hierarchies Avoid (or rarely use) hierarchy menus -- hide options,
extra set of interactions to navigate. Adaptive menus-- the favored item available at top to
speed up the system Should a menu item have only 1 item?
Graphical User Interfaces (2.5 D)
WIMP (windows, icons, menus, point device) 2 or 3 dimensional ( overlapping windows with
obscured windows Direct manipulation -user directly moves screen
object around.– Example: word processor margin indentation
Which are better: GUI or character-based interfaces? Abductive nature of GUIs- E.g., a GUI calculator, can
you use both keyboard and mouse? Disabled users of GUIs
Next-Generation Interfaces VR - (3D)
VR
Next-Generation Interfaces
Sound, time, VR next generation will be easy to carry
around and will be able to network Shared environments, office net talks The data (object) knows how to use the
available functions