GENERAL ORGANIZATION SKIN Dr. Mah Jabeen Muneera Assistant Professor Department of Anatomy KEMU...
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Transcript of GENERAL ORGANIZATION SKIN Dr. Mah Jabeen Muneera Assistant Professor Department of Anatomy KEMU...
GENERAL ORGANIZATION SKIN
Dr. Mah Jabeen MuneeraAssistant Professor
Department of AnatomyKEMU
TERMS, PLANES, POSITIONS
ANATOMICAL POSITION
SIGNIFICANCE
PLANES
MEDIANSAGITTALCORONAL/ FRONTALHORIZONTALOBLIQUE
TERMS
ANTERIORPOSTERIORVENTRALDORSAL
MEDIALLATERALSUPERIOR INFERIORCRANIAL CAUDAL
PROXIMALDISTALEXTERNAL INTERNALSUPERFISCIALDEEPCOMBINED TERMS IPSILATERALCONTRALATERAL
FOR LIMBS
RADIALULNARTIBIALFIBULARPALMARPLANTAR
GENEARL ORGANIZATION
CELL- basic unit of structure and function
TISSUE
BASIC TISSUES
Similar structural & functional characteristics– Epithelium– Connective Tissue– Nervous Tissue – Muscular Tissue
ORGAN
SYSTEM
ORGANISM
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Skin & derivativesHairNailMuco-cutaneous junctionsAssociated glands
– Sweat glands– Sebaceous glands– Mammary glands
Skin covers body surfaceext. auditary meatusLat. Surface of ear drumvestibule of nose
8% of total body massSurface area 2.2m2
Thickness varies, depending upon age and region
STRUCTURE
EpidermisDermis
LAYERS
FUNCTIONS Self renewing interface Sensation Protection Temperature Regulation Control of water output Absorption Secretion Excretion Synthesis of vitamin D Storage pH regulation Repair after trauma Elasticity; skin lines Social Communication Dermatoglyphics
APPEARANCE
Skin linesComplexion
– Thickness– Reddish hue of vascularity– Melanin– Carotene
Distribution of hairSkin glandsChanges due to maturation, ageingGeneral state of health
SKIN LINES
TENSION LINES (LANGER’s) Incision linesSTRETCH MARKSWRINKLESDERMATOGLYPHICSOCCUPATIONALFLEXURE LINES; JOINT LINES
SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
Loose connective tissueAdipose tissueDistribution variesContours insulation
DEEP FASCIA
Thick connective tissueBinds superfiscial fascia with underlying
tissues Invests structures; muscles, nerves, blood
vesselsSends partitions
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Information tells clinician about HOW & WHERE the fluids e.g. pus will track
Lymphatics follow the plane of fascia, knowledge is important in malignancies