Malaysian Institute of

Planners

Malaysian Green

Technology Corp.

Developed by: Supported by:

STEVE ANTHONY LOJUNTINGREEN TOWNSHIP PROGRAMME

MALAYSIAN GREEN TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION @ GREENTECH MALAYSIATel: 019-2829102

Email: steve@greentechmalaysia.my / asetip@damansara.net

The National Context

CITIES & TOWNSHIP :

GREEN TECH MALAYSIA /

FEDERAL DEPT TOWN &

COUNTRY PLANNING

DEPT/ LOCAL GOVT

/DEVELOPERS/ KEY

STAKEHOLDERS

BUILDINGS :

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES &

INDUSTRY PLAYERS

POLICY :

GOVERNMENT MALAYSIA

- KeTTHA / KKR / NRE /

Other Ministries

LOW CARBON

CITIES

FRAMEWORK &

ASSESSMENT

SYSTEM

2

Low Carbon Building (alternative)

INTENSITY / GDP

3

Townships and Urban Development

Cities/Urban Areas Emit GHGSources of Green House Gas

50%14%19% 17%

Other Urban

Development

Industrial Agriculture Forestation

“CO2 is the most important anthropogenic of GHG and the main sources of

atmospheric CO2 is from burning of fossil fuels – 75% of increase in atmospheric CO2

since industrial times (Source: Cities and Climate Change – Global Report on Human Settlements 2011, UN-Habitat).

Commercial & Residential – 8%Transport – 13%Waste – 3%Electricity production

4

More People Living in Urban Areas/Cities

Population Malaysia

18 million (1990) to 27.6 million (2010) - increase by 53% (Source: Census Data, 2010)

Urbanization Rate

• 27% in 1960, 42% in 1990, 54% in 1994, 61.8% (2000) for

Malaysia, 65.4% (2000) for West Malaysia

• Expected to grow to 75% by 2020 (Source: RFN 2001)

Energy

• Energy Consumption – 61,279 metric tons (2005)

(40% transportation & 40% industrial)

• Energy Produced – 99,917 metric tons (2005)

• 2006 – CO2 emission – 187 million tons 7.2 metric tons/person

• 2004 – 5.9 metric tons/World 4.4 metric tons/person

Malaysia & Urbanisation- A Case for Change

5

Townships and Urban Development

Energy Generation, Water Treatment & Supply,

Transportations, Infrastructure, Industries

Townships and Urban Development

Land clearing, De-forestation,

Building Industry, Waste generation,

Non environmentally products

Townships and Urban Development

8

Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System- Use of Document

This document is to assist

local authorities,

township developers,

designers and individuals

in assessing whether

developments carried out

within the city

contributes towards the

reduction or decrease in

GHG.

Was Launched in Sept 2011

9

10 %

Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment

System- Purpose of the Guiding Document

“It is my dream that one day we can live in a clean, healthy and

high quality environment, where cities, townships and communities

are built on the fundamentals of Green Technology”

YAB Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Tun

Razak

To promote reduction of GHG in a township / cities towards

supporting government effort to reduce CO2 intensity / GDP by year

2020

SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK

Governance

Economy Services

Transport &

Mobility

Natural & Built

Environment

SUSTAINABLE TOWNSHIP

Community Well

Being

Equality &

Diversity

LCCF CARBON ASSESSMENT LCCF CARBON ASSESSMENT MurniNet /

LIVABILITY INDEX

MurniNet /

LIVABILITY INDEX MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)MISSION (CO2 REDUCTION)

PERFORMANCE BASED

STANDARD

PERFORMANCE BASED

STANDARD

KEY ELEMENTSKEY ELEMENTS

Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities

GREEN

NEIGHBOURHOOD

GUIDELINES (GNG)

GREEN

NEIGHBOURHOOD

GUIDELINES (GNG)

BuildingsUrban

Infrastructure

Urban

Transportation

Urban

Environment

11

Identify Elements to

Measure

•Understand which

elements contribute

most to the city’s GHG

emission

•Prioritize/choose which

elements to measure

(all?/specific elements?)

Territory Boundaries

or Area of Concern:

•Administrative

boundaries of the

city/any area of city.

•Single source solutions

Four (4) Main Components in the framework of GHG analysis

Current Status of GHG

emission

•Baseline information

on current GHG

emission level.

•BAU Levels –

projected emission

•If non available of

baseline data –

benchmarks against

other baselines can be

used as a guide.

Source of generation

•Identify the key

source of generation.

Targets

• Set targets for

reduction of GHG

emission

• Targets should be

achievable and

measurable

Gaps

• Identify the gaps

between current

emission status

and targets.

• Identify measures

Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System– Key Features

Roadmaps

• Set a Roadmap

12

1. About the LCCAS Calculator

2. Who will use it?

3. The Relevance of the Assessment System and

Calculator

4. The Concepts and Principles

5. Carbon Neutrality

Contents of Report

IntroductionIntroduction

Sustainable Framework For Low Carbon

Cities

Sustainable Framework For Low Carbon

Cities

Low Carbon Cities FrameworkLow Carbon Cities Framework

The Low Carbon Cities Assessment

System (LCCAS) Calculator – Concepts

And Principles

The Low Carbon Cities Assessment

System (LCCAS) Calculator – Concepts

And Principles

1

2

3

5

Relevant Carbon FactorsRelevant Carbon Factors6

User GuideUser Guide7

1. Background of Low Carbon Cities Framework

2. A Case For Change

3. Malaysian Development & Sustainability

1. Sustainable Framework for Green City

2. Definition of Sustainable City

3. Definition of Green City

4. Definition of a Low Carbon City

5. Green City– Street Wise 1. Urban Environment

2. Urban Transportation

3. Urban Infrastructure

4. Building

1. Sustainable Framework for Low Carbon Cities

2. Key Features of a Green Township Framework

3. Criteria to Start the Low Carbon Cities Project

4. Steps to start Low Carbon Cities Framework at

Local Authority Level1. Using the LCCAS Calculator

2. Summary Sheet

Performance Criteria For Low Carbon

Cities

Performance Criteria For Low Carbon

Cities4

1. Introduction of Parameters for GHG

Reductions

2. Relationship To Carbon Parameters

3. Elements of Lifecycle Assessment

PART ONE – LCC Framework PART TWO – Assessment System

13

Performance Criteria for GHG Reductions for Cities

• Urban Environment

• Urban Transportation

• Urban Infrastructure

• Building

• Urban Environment (20)

• Urban Transportation (8)

• Urban Infrastructure (7)

• Building (7)

• Urban Environment (5)

• Urban Transportation (4)

• Urban Infrastructure (4)

• Building (2)

Save Green Save Future

13

Performance Criteria are measurable strategies to reduce carbon emission through:-- Policy control, Technological development, better process & product management, change in procurement system, carbon capture, consumption strategies & others.

UE 1 : Urban Footprint

UE 2 : Site Selection

UE 3 : Urban Form

UE 4 : Urban Greenery And Environmental Quality

5-1: Initiate Local Food Production

UE 5 : Urban Green Economy

1-1: Prioritize Development within defined urban footprint

1-2: Encourage sustainable development intensities

2-1: Select infill sites for development

2-2: Prioritize development projects within transit nodes and corridor

2-3: Select Brownfield and Grey field sites for redevelopment

2-4: Avoidance of flood prone area

2-5: Avoid hilly terrain area

2-6: Exceed existing by-laws for storm water mitigation

2-7: Reduction of earth work cut and fill quantities

3-1: Undertake mixed-use development

3-2: Reduce road and parking surfaces

3-3: Establish comprehensive pedestrian network

3-4: Establish comprehensive cycling network

3-5: Minimize site disturbance during construction

3-6: Reducing Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects through urban form innovation

4-1: Preserve natural ecology, water body and bio-diversity

4-2: Increase the area of green open space

4-3: Increase number of trees

4-4: Enhance air quality

14

Performance Criteria for Urban Environment

ELEMENT 1:

URBAN

ENVIRONMENT

ELEMENT 1:

URBAN

ENVIRONMENT

UE 1 : URBAN FOOT

PRINT

UE 1 : URBAN FOOT

PRINT

UE 2 : SITE SELECTIONUE 2 : SITE SELECTION

UE 3 : URBAN FORMUE 3 : URBAN FORM

UE 4 : URBAN GREENERY

& ENV QUALITY

UE 4 : URBAN GREENERY

& ENV QUALITY

UE 5 : URBAN GREEN

ECONOMY

UE 5 : URBAN GREEN

ECONOMY

5

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

5

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

20 SUB

CRITERIA

20 SUB

CRITERIA

ELEMENT 2:

URBAN

TRANSPORTATION

ELEMENT 2:

URBAN

TRANSPORTATION

UT 1 : SHIFT OF

TRANSPORT MODE

UT 1 : SHIFT OF

TRANSPORT MODE

UT 2 : GREEN

TRANSPORT

INFRASTRUCTURE

UT 2 : GREEN

TRANSPORT

INFRASTRUCTURE

UT 3 : CLEAN VEHICLESUT 3 : CLEAN VEHICLES

UT 4 : TRAFFIC

MANAGEMENT

UT 4 : TRAFFIC

MANAGEMENT

4

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

4

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

8 SUB CRITERIA8 SUB CRITERIA

15

Performance Criteria for Urban Transportation

UT 2 : Green Transport Infrastructure

UT 1 : Shift of Transport Mode

2-2: Encourage walking and cycling

3-2: Using low carbon impact fuel for private transportation

3-3: Encourage the usage of hybrid vehicles

UT 4 : Traffic Management

UT 3 : Clean Vehicles

1-1: Reduce Single Occupancy Vehicle (SOV) traveling

2-1: Increase utilization of public transportation

3-1: Using low carbon impact fuel for public transportation

4-1: Manage Excess Speeds of Motor Vehicles

4-2: Reduce Traffic Congestion and Improve Traffic Flows

ELEMENT 3:

URBAN

INFRASTRUCTURE

ELEMENT 3:

URBAN

INFRASTRUCTURE

UI 1 : INFRASTRUCTURE

PROVISION

UI 1 : INFRASTRUCTURE

PROVISION

UI 2 : WASTEUI 2 : WASTE

UI 3 : ENERGYUI 3 : ENERGY

UI 4 : WATER

MANAGEMENT

UI 4 : WATER

MANAGEMENT

4

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

4

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

7 SUB

CRITERIA

7 SUB

CRITERIA

16

Performance Criteria for Urban Infrastructure

1-1: Reduction in land area for infrastructure and utility services

1-2: Implement site wide district cooling system

UI 2 : Waste

UI 3 : Energy

UI 4 : Water Management

UI 1 : Infrastructure Provision

2-1: Reduction of construction and industrial wasteto landfill

3-1: Reduction of household solid waste to landfill

3-1: Optimization of energy consumption

3-2: Utilize Alternative Energy sources

4-1: Efficient Water Management

ELEMENT 4:

BUILDING

ELEMENT 4:

BUILDING

B 1 : LOW CARBON

BUILDINGS

B 1 : LOW CARBON

BUILDINGS

B 2 : COMMUNITY

SERVICES

B 2 : COMMUNITY

SERVICES

2

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

2

PERFORMANCE

CRITERIA

7 SUB CRITERIA7 SUB CRITERIA

17

Performance Criteria for Buildings

1-1: Increase the number of buildings with low

carbon footprint

1-2: Compliance to the building energy operational

emissions benchmark set by the Common

Carbon Metrics (CCM)

1-3: Compliance to the building water carbon

footprint set by the Common Carbon Metrics

(CCM)

1-4: Enhance building performance through

retrofitting

1-5: Optimize building orientation for passive and

active solar

and wind strategies

1-6: Implement chill water system from district

cooling plant for all buildings

2-1: Shared facilities and utilities within

building

B1 : Low Carbon Buildings

B2 : Community Services

Assessment Approach to Encourage Implementation

User can opt to undertake a One-System Approach or a City-based

Approach depending on their objective and capacity.

Criteria To Start Low Carbon Cities Project – Road Map/ Action Plan

19

Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System- Flow and Relationship

PART 1 – LCC FRAMEWORK

PART 2 – LCC CALCULATOR

4 Elements

•Urban Environment

•Urban Transportation

•Urban Infrastructure

•Building

15 Performance

Criteria and 42 Sub

Criteria

Assessment Using

Carbon Calculator

Performance Based Assessment in the

form of Total Carbon Reduction

CARBON REDUCTION

Baseline emission

Reduced Carbon Footprint

ieProjected emission

Baseline

emission (A)

Reduced Carbon Footprint

ie Projected

emission (B)

Reduction in

CO2 (A-B=C)

% reduction CO2/total

CO2 (C/A x 100 = D)

Data to be filled in.

Parameters:1.No of households

2.No of shop lots3.No of offices

4.No of industries

Legend

Input data in yellow cells

Development details and Calculations

Benchmarks details and calculations

Summary table UT 1-1. Appear on every calculator sheet. Linked to

the summary of overall calculator

Sample Calculator

SUMMARY SHEET - Achievement Level Based On Application Of Weightage System

ABSOLUTE CO2

REDUCTION

ABSOLUTE CO2

REDUCTION

BP 2BP 2

Carbon Reduction

LevelAchievement Level

70-99%

Best Practice 5 (BP5)

50-69%

Best Practice 4 (BP4)

30-49%

Best Practice 3 (BP3)

10-29%

Best Practice 2 (BP2)

1%-9%

Best Practice 1 (BP1)

LCCF is a Performance Based Assessment

LCC ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL

• The environmental achievements

in a development are defined by

the sum of the CO2 reduction

over the baseline CO2 emissions.

• Projects/developments shall be

awarded with the corresponding

environmental performance

achievements according to the

achievement level.