Computer Assignment

Made By: Yash Prakash Gupta

Class: X C

Session: 2014-15

Submitted To: Mrs.

Presentation

Gender

Discrimination

Women in India Since time immemorial, women have been

thought as a curse to the family. In India, the mentality framed is such that

women are still considered as a burden to the family…

Every girl in this country, has faced this question at least once in a lifetime – ‘Why Me…!!!’

India ranks 134 in 2011 among 187 countries in terms of the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Inequality Index (GII).

Problems by Women

Amongst the many problems that women face, the prime ones that come into focus are:

Infanticide Female Foeticide Gender Discrimination Dowry Torture Domestic violence

Gender Discriminatio

n The root cause of gender discrimination is the Strong Patriarchal Influence, sanctioned by India's religion, culture and traditions.

– Son is seen as a status symbol, who brings dowry, and carries forward the family’s name.

– Women are considered to be born as a baggage, a liability to the family.

Women are considered as the weaker race, and are given the meek role of serving the husband, and taking care of the family.

They are not allowed to work, and are always supposed to seek the support of the male clan.

Women

Empowerment

There have been attempts to recuperate female working conditions, yet the inequality remains.

Bridging the gender inequality is a very slow.

Men are born with preconceived notions of leadership.

Women, in turn, are awarded with unequal pay for equal work.

They are also likely to fall off the management ladder before reaching the top, due to maternity issues.

Sex Ratio  As per Census 2011, the population of

India is 1210.19 million, comprising of 586.47 million (48.5%) females and 623.72 million (51.5%) males.

In the age‐group 0‐6 years, the share of female child population is 47.8% of the total child population in that age‐group. 

The sex‐ratio (number of women per 1000 men) was 940 in 2011 which, though, shows continued improvement over the sex ratios of 927 in 1991 and 933 in 2001.

Child Sex Ratio in India 2011

Female Foeticide

Female foeticide refers to the aborting of a foetus, purely because she is female. Although, gender determination in India is illegal, the practice is rampant.

A study "Children In India 2012- A Statistical Appraisal," said: "During 2001- 2011, the share of children to total population has declined and the decline was sharper for female children than male children in the age group 0-6 years..."

Female child population in the age group 0-6 was 78.83 million in 2001 and declined to 75,85 million in 2011.

The medical journal Lancet stated last year that 500,000 girls were being lost in India every year through gender-selective abortions.

Female Employment The global survey called the Third Billion Index

shows on its scorecard the depleted position of women in the country which is demanding a change for good. India gets placed at a dismal 115 on this survey out of 128 countries surveyed.

The workforce participation rate of females in rural sector was 26.1 in 2012‐ 13 (NSS 64th Round) while that for males was 54.7. In Urban sector, it was 13.8 for females and 54.3 for males.

The unemployment rate for women of all ages was 7.0 for women and 3.1 for men in urban areas in 2012-13.

Of the total job seekers registered with employed exchanges, women constituted 32.5% in 2012.

Female Literacy The main reasons of females never attending school: Education is not considered necessary Required for household work’.

The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) for females at the primary level stood at 115.39 compared with 115.55 for males in 2012‐13. At the middle classes level, the GER for females was 78.30 while that for males was 84.53.

The Gross Attendance Ratio for females in the classes I‐V in rural areas was 103 compared with 106 for males in 2012‐13 (NSS 64th Round). The Net Attendance Ratio was observed to be 83 and 86 for females and males respectively in the rural areas in the classes I‐V.

The Drop‐out Rates were observed to be 27.25 and 30.25 for females and males respectively in the classes I‐V in 2009‐10. These were 44.39 and 40.59 in classes I‐VIII and 51.97 and 53.38 in classes I‐X for females and males respectively.

Crime Against Women

Cruelty by husband and relatives continues to occupy the highest share (43.4%) among the crimes committed against women followed by molestation (18.8%). 15.6% cases are that of kidnapping and abduction and 3.8% of dowry deaths.

0.4% cases of cruelty by husband and relatives underwent trial by the Courts of Law in 2011 and conviction was done in 8.3% cases. The highest conviction rate of 16.5% was observed for the crime ‘importation of girls’ and the lowest of 4.0% for ‘indecent representation of women’.

Need of the hour? Revise laws and administrative practices to

ensure women’s equal rights and access to economic resources.

Ensure equal access to education and eradicate illiteracy.

Develop non-discriminatory education and training.

Take integrated measures to prevent and eliminate violence against women.

Increase women’s capacity to participate in decision-making and leadership.

Promote a balanced and non-stereotyped portrayal of women in the media.

Woman is more fitted than manto make exploration

and take bolder action in nonviolence.

- Mahatma Gandhi