Gastritis: CausesGastritis: Causes• Helicobacter pylori infection

NSAID• NSAID use• Excessive alcohol consumption• Heavy smokingHeavy smoking• Radiotherapy• Cancer chemotherapy• Systemic infections (Salmonella, CMV)• Severe stress• Ischemia and shock• Ischemia and shock• Suicide attempts with acids or alkali• Mechanical trauma• Distal gastrectomy

T f Ch i G t itiTypes of Chronic Gastritis• Autoimmune gastritis (type A gastritis):• Autoimmune gastritis (type A gastritis):

diffuse gastritis of corpus; antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor; low acid, pernicious anemia; associated with other autoimmune disorders; uncommon.

• Helicobacter pylori gastritis (type B gastritis): may affect all parts of the stomach mostly antrum; 3may affect all parts of the stomach, mostly antrum; 3 subtypes: antrum-predominant, corpus-predominant, pangastritis; very common.Ch i l t iti (t C t iti ) d t• Chemical gastritis (type C gastritis): due torepeated chemical or toxic injury (bile acids, duodenal contents, NSAIDs); common.

Complications of H pyloriComplications of H.pylorigastritis: Frequency

• Lymphoma: 0 1%Lymphoma: 0.1%

D d l l 13%• Duodenal ulcer: 13%

• Carcinoma: 1%

Gastric Polyps

• Hyperplastic polypHyperplastic polyp• Fundic gland polyp

Ad l• Adenomatous polyp• Inflammatory fibroid polyp