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FABU GIRLS CONCERT: FEBRUARY 26, 2011

Women's Dress Long Tunic

Gabriela P. García Camila González Claudia González Gabriela Martín Nicolle Serrano

               

               

               

                                                                                               

                             

             

 

             

                                                   The  Toga  

   The  toga  was  the  principle  garment  of  

the  Romans  because  it  covered  all  the  body.  Old  families  liked  the  idea  of  wearing  the  toga  naked  because  it  was  first  worn  without  the  tunic  and  it  was  later  added.  Only  the  free  Roman  citizens  could  wear.  The  immigrant  or  exiled  citizens  were  not  allowed.  The  toga  leaves  one  free  arm,  but  the  large  blanket  covers  the  rest  of  the  body.  The  toga  was  from  2  1/2  from  5  1/5  meters  long  and  2  meters  wide.  The  toga  looked  elegant,  but  it  was  difficult  to  keep  up  with  it.  Some  slaves  were  known  to  place  pieces  of  wood  in  the  bend  the  next  evening.  The  toga  was  made  of  wool,  and  the  rich  could  choose  what  kind  of  wool  they  wanted  to  wear.  Affluent  boys  were  expected  to  wear  a  toga.  They  first  wore  the  toga  pretext  that  was  worn  until  puberty  and  then,  around  the  16th  birthday,  they  were  able  to  wear  the  toga  virile,  which  was  the  white  toga  of  the  Roman  citizen.      

It  was  necessary  to  wear  a  toga  because  of  if  not,  you  were  seen  as  a  slave  or  workman  in  Rome.  In  only  special  occasions,  like  the  festival  saturnalia,  people  didn't  wear  the  toga.  Later,  the  toga  was  used  only  as  a  formal  dress  at  the  law  courts,  the  theatre,  the  circus  or  at  the  imperial  court.  Some  politicians  whitened  their  toga  with  chalk  to  stand  out.  The  use  of  the  very  white  toga  in  candidates  had  a  difference  because  in  Latin  the  word  meant  white.  They  are  different  types  of  toga:  the  toga  picta,  which  was  the  one  that  military  commanders  wore  and  walked  with  triumph  through  the  streets  of  Rome;  the  toga  palmata  was  a  type  of  toga  picta  and  had  embroidered  a  leaf  pattern;  the  toga  trabea  was  a  ritual  toga  of  various  colors,  specially  purple;  the  toga  pulla  or  toga  sordida  was  dark  colored  and  was  worn  in  agony.  

 

Women’s    Dress  

Women wore a long tunic reached to the ground known as the stola. The stola was worn over another long tunic. The stola was usually brown, grey, or white. Women also wore cloaks to keep them warm. First, women wore a simple square cloak known as the ricinium. Then, it was replaced by a no specific size draped cloak known as the palla. Rich women wore long tunics made from expensive cotton with a lot of jewelry, especially pearls. Slaves help these rich women get dressed.  

 

Romans  wore  cloaks  to  protect  themselves  from  harsh  weather.  Like  the  tunica,  there  are  different  types  of  cloaks.  The  pallium  was  worn  over  the  tunic  or  the  toga.  It  was  colorful  and  was  usually  worn  by  wealthy  people.  The  lacerna  was  a  military  cloak  that  Romans  started  wearing  later  on.  The  wealthier  people  tended  to  wear  bright  colors,  while  the  poor  people  wore  darker  colors.  The  paenula  was  the  simplest  cloak  that  Romans  wore  to  protect  themselves  against  bad  weather.  The  sagulum  was  a  military  cloak  that  soldiers  and  officers  wore.  The  paludamentum  was  the  typical  red  cloak  that  rulers  wore.  Romans  usually  sewed  a  hook  to  the  cloak.  

Cloaks

   

   

                                       

Scipio  Africanus  is  believed  to  have  been  the  first  to  begin  the  fashion  of  shaving.  A  skilled  barber  could      make  money  in  Rome.  Removing  the  facial  hair  involved  visiting  the  barber,  shaving,  waxing,  and  the  use  of      tweezers.  It  was  seen  very  fashionable  for  young  men  to  keep  a  small,  well-­‐groomed  beard.      

Men  tended  to  keep  their  hair  cut  short.  Few  ones  had  their  hair  curled  with  curling  irons.  Romans        tended  to  see  such  affectations  as  effeminate.  Marcus  Aurelius  introduced  the  fashion  for  shaving  one's  head      clean.  Early  Christians  tended  to  have  their  hair  and  beards  cut  short.      

Young  women  simply  gathered  their  hair  into  a  bun  at  the  back  of  the  neck.  Women's  hairstyles  were          more  complicated  than  men.  The  women  of  early  Rome  wore  their  hair  keeping  all  of  it  tied  up  with  ribbons          on  the  head.    

One  of  the  styles  used  a  lot  at  court  had  the  hair  arranged  in  several  layers,  falling  to  the  face  in  ringlets.      It  all  required  the  services  of  an  expert  female  hairdresser  who  doubled  as  make  up  artist,  as  well  as                  additional  hair  pieces  to  create  more  mass  in  the  hair.  

 H     Hair  pieces,  wigs,  hair  lotions  and  dyes  were  all  known              to  the  Romans.  

Hairstyle

 

Roman children wore a tunic that reached down to their knees. Also, they all wore a bulla, which is a special locket around their neck received when they were born. It contains an amulet as a protection against everything bad. Boys wore the bulla until they became citizen at age 16 or 17 and girls, until they got married.  

The boys wore a tunic reached to their feet with a crimson border. They wore a variety of shoes. Once they become a man, he wore an all white tunic. Wealthy boys, who were the sons of senators, could wear a toga since 14 years old. The girl's clothing was similar to the boys. They also wore a tunic with a belt and the colors varied. When they wanted to go out, they wore a second tunic that reached their feet. Like boys, they wear a variety of shoes.    

Children  

 

Female and male’s footwear showed little distinction. There were three main types: the calcei, sandals, and slippers. The calcei was the soft leather common outdoor footwear and was usually worn with the toga. The sandals were used as indoor footwear and it was very improper to wear them outdoor. The slippers were also for indoor use. There were other types of shoes like the caliga, the military boot/sandal, or the sculponea that was only worn by poor peasants or slaves.  

 

The  basic  clothing  for  the  Romans  was  the  tunic.  Both  men  and  women  would  wear  the  tunic.  Male  tunics  would  generally  reach  the  knees,  while  female  tunics  were  much  longer  and  some  might  have  even  reached  the  ground.  In  cold  weather,  Romans  would  wear  two  or  three  tunics  to  keep  themselves  warm.  The  type  of  tunic  that  a  person  wore  would  indicate  the  social  class  he  or  she  belonged  to.  Tunics  with  a  purple  stripe  indicated  membership  to  a  particular  order.  An  equestrian's  tunic  had  two  vertical  narrow  purple  stripes  on  either  side.  The  dalmarica,  a  long-­‐sleeved  tunic,  was  only  worn  by  the  aristocracy.      

The Tunic

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