Gangguan hemodinamik
-
Upload
marlina-rachma-suci -
Category
Documents
-
view
750 -
download
2
Transcript of Gangguan hemodinamik
![Page 1: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gangguan hemodinamik
![Page 2: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Sirkulasi Darah
![Page 3: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Thrombus : Vena
• Oklusi Pembuluh darah Vena• 90% pada Vena ekstremitas bawah– Femoral– Popliteal– Iliac
![Page 4: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Thrombus
![Page 5: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Pathogenesis
Three primary influences predispose to thrombus formation, the so-called Virchow triad:
(1) endothelial injury (2) stasis or turbulence of blood flow(3) blood hypercoagulability
![Page 6: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
High risk for thrombosis• Prolonged bed rest or immobilization• Myocardial infarction,Atrial fibrillation• Tissue damage (surgery, fracture, burns)• Cancer• Prosthetic cardiac valves• Disseminated intravascular coagulation• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia• Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (lupus
anticoagulant syndrome)
Lower risk for thrombosis Cardiomyopathy,Nephrotic
syndrome,Hyperestrogenic states (pregnancy),Oral contraceptive use, Sickle cell anemia,Smoking
![Page 7: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Embolus
• Bisa berupa massa solid, liquid, or gaseous yang dibawa aliran darah.
• 90% berasal dari trombus
![Page 9: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Embolus
![Page 10: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Types of edema
• Transdate: protein poor (<3 gm/dl) fluid with specific gravity of <1.012 due to imbalances in normal hemodynamic forces e.g. congestive heart failure, liver and renal disease etc.
• Exudate - protein rich (>3 gm/dl) fluid with a specific gravity of >1.020 results from endothelial damage and alteration of vasular permeability e.g. inflammatory and immunologic pathology.
![Page 12: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Pulmonary Edema
![Page 13: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SHOCK
• Shock, or cardiovascular collapse,• Bisa disebabkan :– Perdarahan hebat– Luka Bakar– emboli paru yang massive– Sepsis Microbial
•
![Page 14: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Akibatnya :– Hipotensi gangguan perfusi ke jaringan– Ke Jaringan Otak irreversible
![Page 15: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Types of shock.
• Cardiogenic shock results from myocardial pump failure e.g intrinsic myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmias.
• Hypovolemic shock results from loss of blood or plasma volume e.g. hemorrhage, fluid loss from severe burns, or trauma.
• Septic shock is caused by systemic microbial infection. Most commonly due to gram-negative infections (endotoxic shock), but it can also occur with gram-positive and fungal infections.
![Page 16: Gangguan hemodinamik](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061122/54729d02b4af9ff8478b4595/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)