GAME PRODUCTS - Epol · Antelope (16% crude protein) cube/pellet to the Epol Grazer (12% crude...
Transcript of GAME PRODUCTS - Epol · Antelope (16% crude protein) cube/pellet to the Epol Grazer (12% crude...
GAME PRODUCTS
FEEDING BROCHURE
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WILDLIFE/GAME FEEDING AND SUPPLEMENTATIONIn their natural environment, wild game species have little need for supplementary feeding as their free-ranging habits enable them to pursue more nutritious grazing and therefore satisfy their nutrient requirements. The advent of game farming has resulted in wild animals being confined to camped-off areas. This combined with the desire for more prolific breeding, has necessitated the use of supplementary feeding when nature cannot supply. In the case of boma-fed and stabled animals, their total feed requirements have to be met.
Epol Game pellets are formulated to ensure optimal amounts of digestible protein, amino acids, minerals, trace minerals and vitamins. References used: National Research Council’s work on beef, dairy cows, horses, camelids, sheep, goats and cervids.
OUR FOCUS• Supplementation of nutritional deficiencies in natural pasture.• Supplementation and/or feeding of game in captivity
(bomas, auction camps, zoos).
• Attracting game to observation points or out of specific habitat areas that require recuperation.
• The use of game animal feed supplements together with roughage when natural forage is in short supply.
FEEDING TIPS• Supply ample clean water in shallow troughs;
game species are sensitive to any changes in water quality.
• Provide free access to high quality, palatable grass hay or lucerne or a combination of both, depending on the game species’ feeding habits.
• Ensure a gradual introduction of Epol Game feeds or self-mix feeds over a 4- to 5-week period.
• If the “Wildlife intake spread sheet” (see page 11–15) is used as a guide, the animals
will be supplied with 65% of their digestible protein requirements as per their physiological stage during the dry season on natural veld or dry grass hay.
• Epol Game cubes/pellets should never be supplied ad lib. This will ensure that individual dominant/aggressive animals don’t over consume.
• Supplementation on natural pasture or to attract game to observation points should not exceed 0.8% of the body weight (animals heavier than 100 kg), which is approximately 30% of the animal’s dry matter intake; this will help to avoid substitution of the natural pasture by pellets/cubes. - Please refer to the “Wildlife intake spread sheet”
for smaller game. (see page 11–15)- Refer to the “Wildlife intake spread sheet” for
lactating animals “Cow/calf unit”. (see page 11–15)
- Animals housed in bomas - please refer to “Wildlife intake spread sheet” section for intakes; dry cow intakes are used as a baseline. (see page 11–15)
• Mineral supplementation should occur throughout the year in the form of palatable salt/mineral licks and suitable water additives.
• Game species that are under social, environmental or nutritional stress succumb to parasite infestation, therefore, medication with anthelmintics should form part of the management strategy.
Adaptation to feed or changing from one feed to another to prevent rumen disorders and red gut:• Grazing and browsing animals have a very
important symbiotic relationship with the microbe fauna and flora living in their foreguts, i.e. ruminants (bovine and antelope) and pseudo ruminants (hippopotamus, lama and alpaca) and hindguts, i.e.hindgut fermenters (zebra, rhino and horses). It is critical to understand that the slightest change in the foregut or hindgut environment can have a serious negative effect on the animal’s health, reproduction and production.
• All animals need to be adapted to game cubes/pellets and self-mix feeds after a period of non-use (i.e. after the green season).
• Start feeding small amounts to the animals as soon as the animals start approaching the troughs again. Do this over a 4- to 5-week period.
• If and when feed is left over due to improved pasture post rain, reduce cube/pellet/self-mix feed supply accordingly.
• Changing from one feed to another should occur gradually over a 5-week period. Replace 1/5th of
the old feed with the new feed in week 1. In week 2, replace 2/5ths of the old feed with the new feed, and so on until week 5 when the animals should be eating the new feed only.
• Don’t change from one type of feed to another within a season. This could cause a rumen disturbance. Rather feed less as the grass quality improves, i.e. don’t change from the Epol Antelope (16% crude protein) cube/pellet to the Epol Grazer (12% crude protein) cube/pellet mid-season.
Supplying cubes or pellets to animals kept extensively on open game reserves, farms and hunting farms.If pellets are to be supplied to animals housed in hunting or game farms supply Epol Grazer 12% every 2 to 3 days.
Feed animals in troughs, or on a large conveyor belt or any stony area where the feed will not be in direct contact with the soil. Soil ingestion can cause parasite infestation, accumulation of heavy metals and gut impaction. By feeding the animals every 2 to 3 days, no individual animal will dominate the feeding site, reducing the risk of any animals getting sick, and possibly dying from a rumen-related disorder like acidosis and rumenitis.
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EPOL ANTELOPE 16%• Known as Epol’s production pellets for all game kept intensively, particularly BROWSERS. Formulated for superior milk production,
reproduction, health and horn growth. Contains organic trace minerals and vitamins suitable for all game species.
Recommended intake: Please refer to the “Wildlife intake spread sheet” (see page 11–15).
EPOL GRAZER 12%• Game pellets/cubes suitable for all GRAZING game species. Containing organic trace minerals and vitamins suitable
for optimal health, production, reproduction and horn growth.
• Known as Epol’s maintenance pellet / cube when fed at the intakes mentioned on Wildlife intake spread sheet
(see page 11–15).
MASS 40 kg
Recommended intake: Please refer to the “Wildlife intake spread sheet” (see page 11–15).
MASS 40 kg
COMPOSITION Product code: 4610Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V528 (RSA), Reg. No. N-FF 3076 (Namibia)
Moisture g/kg max 120
ME (Ruminant) MJ/kg min 9,5
Protein g/kg min 160
Bypass protein g/kg min 5
Fat EE g/kg min 25
Fibre g/kg max 90
Calcium g/kg max 10
Phosphorous g/kg min 6
Magnesium g/kg - 2,3
Potassium g/kg min 10
Cobalt mg/kg - 1
Copper mg/kg - 30
Iodine mg/kg - 1
Manganese mg/kg - 60
Selenium mg/kg - 0,3
Zinc mg/kg - 120
Vitamin A IU/kg - 10000
Vitamin E mg/kg - 250
Vitamin D IU/kg - 800
Vitamin K mg/kg - 1
Vitamin B1 mg/kg - 10
Vitamin B12 mg/kg - 0,02
Vitamin B2 mg/kg - 5
Vitamin B6 mg/kg - 2,5
Biotin mg/kg - 2
Choline mg/kg - 65,1
Folic acid mg/kg - 1,9
Niacin mg/kg - 10
Pantothenic acid mg/kg - 5
COMPOSITION Product code: 4612Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V19237 (RSA), Reg. No. N-FF 3077 (Namibia)
Moisture g/kg max 120
ME (Ruminant) MJ/kg min 9
Protein g/kg min 120
Bypass protein g/kg min 3,75
Fat EE g/kg min 25
Fibre g/kg max 120
Calcium g/kg max 12
Phosphorous g/kg min 5,5
Magnesium g/kg - 2,7
Potassium g/kg min 10
Cobalt mg/kg - 0,75
Copper mg/kg - 22,5
Iodine mg/kg - 0,75
Manganese mg/kg - 45
Selenium mg/kg - 0,225
Zinc mg/kg - 90
Vitamin A IU/kg - 7500
Vitamin E mg/kg - 100
Vitamin D IU/kg - 600
Vitamin K mg/kg - 0,75
Vitamin B1 mg/kg - 7,5
Vitamin B12 mg/kg - 0,023
Vitamin B2 mg/kg - 3,75
Vitamin B6 mg/kg - 1,88
Biotin mg/kg - 1,5
Choline mg/kg - 65,1
Folic acid mg/kg - 1,425
Niacin mg/kg - 7,5
Pantothenic acid mg/kg - 3,75
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EPOL RHINO CUBES• Game cube with extra biotin and minerals specifically formulated for White Rhino.
Recommended intake: Game: 150 – 250 g Trophy Block/50 kg body weight per day
MOLATEK TROPHY BLOCK• Urea-free protein block suitable for game kept on hunting- and tourism-based farms. Suitable for horses.
• For best results on game kept in large areas, ensure adequate amounts of naturally occurring grazing or
browse. In times of drought ensure enough roughage is available.
MASS 40 kg
Recommended intake: Please refer to the “Wildlife intake spread sheet” (see page 11–15).
MASS 25 kg
COMPOSITION
Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V22704 (RSA), Reg. No. N-FF 2472 (Namibia)
Moisture g/kg max 120
ME (Ruminant) MJ/kg - 8,4
Protein g/kg min 150
Fat EE g/kg max 120
Fibre g/kg max 120
Calcium g/kg min 12
Calcium g/kg max 40
Phosphorous g/kg min 6
Magnesium g/kg - 2,5
Potassium g/kg - 12
Cobalt mg/kg - 1,5
Copper mg/kg - 8
Iodine mg/kg - 8
Manganese mg/kg - 600
Selenium mg/kg - 4
Zinc mg/kg - 600
Vitamin B1 mg/kg - 7,5
Biotin mg/kg - 1,5
COMPOSITION Product code: 4615Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V26505 (RSA)
Moisture g/kg max 120
ME (Ruminant) MJ/kg min 6,5
Protein g/kg min 125
Bypass protein g/kg - 3,8
Fat EE g/kg min 25
Fibre g/kg max 120
Calcium g/kg max 12
Phosphorous g/kg min 5,5
Magnesium g/kg - 2,8
Potassium g/kg min 12
Cobalt mg/kg - 0,8
Copper mg/kg - 22,5
Iodine mg/kg - 0,8
Manganese mg/kg - 100
Selenium mg/kg - 0,2
Zinc mg/kg - 90
Vitamin A IU/kg - 7500
Vitamin E mg/kg - 100
Vitamin D IU/kg - 600
Vitamin K mg/kg - 0,8
Vitamin B1 mg/kg - 7,5
Vitamin B12 mg/kg - 0,023
Vitamin B2 mg/kg - 3,8
Vitamin B6 mg/kg - 1,9
Biotin mg/kg - 6,5
Choline mg/kg - 65,1
Folic acid mg/kg - 1,4
Niacin mg/kg - 7,5
Pantothenic acid mg/kg - 3,8
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MASS 40 kg
EPOL GAME MACRO PACK 32% • Game Macro Pack 32% for self mix game farmers, who want to mix their own high quality game feed.
The macropack contains the same high quality game premix used in the Antelope cube.
Suitable for all game, particularly browsers and animals kept intensively, including boma’s.
Vitamin D IU/kg - 3328
Vitamin K mg/kg - 4,2
Vitamin B1 mg/kg - 41,6
Vitamin B12 mg/kg - 0,10
Vitamin B2 mg/kg - 20,8
Vitamin B6 mg/kg - 10,4
Biotin mg/kg - 8,3
Choline mg/kg - 270,8
Folic acid mg/kg - 7,9
Niacin mg/kg - 41,6
Pantothenic acid mg/kg - 20,8
COMPOSITION CONTINUEDProduct code: 4617Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V28626 (RSA)
COMPOSITION Product code: 4617Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V28626 (RSA)
Moisture g/kg max 120
ME (Ruminant) MJ/kg - 8,74
Protein g/kg min 320
Bypass protein g/kg min 11,16
Fat EE g/kg min 20
Fibre g/kg max 160
Calcium g/kg min 26
Calcium g/kg max 30
Phosphorous g/kg min 18,5
Magnesium g/kg - 0,9
Potassium g/kg - 13,4
Cobalt mg/kg - 4,2
Copper mg/kg max 125
Iodine mg/kg - 4,2
Manganese mg/kg - 249,6
Selenium mg/kg - 1,3
Zinc mg/kg - 499,2
Vitamin A IU/kg - 41600
Vitamin E mg/kg - 1040
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SELF-MIX OPTIONS FOR GAME FARMERS• These mixes contain high quality vitamins and minerals suitable for feeding all
game species, including browsers.
Crushed maize kg 200 0 150 0 250 0 0
Hominy chop kg 0 200 0 200 0 250 0
Molatek Molasses Meal kg 120 120 120 120 120 120 0
Lucerne meal kg 310 310 400 360 320 320 0
Grass hay (good quality) kg 250 250 160 150 70 70 0
Molatek Bypass
(high protein oilcake) kg 0 0 50 50 0 0 0
Epol Game Macro Pack 32% kg 120 120 120 120 240 240 640
Molatek Master 20 kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 240
Salt kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 100
Feed grade lime kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 20
Total kg 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000Diet nutrient summary Units As Is As Is As Is As Is As Is As Is As IsME (Ruminant) MJ/kg 9,6 9,4 9,7 9,7 10,1 9,9 7,68
Protein g/kg 120,3 123,5 141,5 141,5 155,1 159,1 252,8
Bypass protein g/kg 79,3 83 94,8 95 101,7 106,4 75,1
Urea g/kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,4
NPN as % CP % 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,9
Fat EE g/kg 22,8 30,1 22,8 31,3 25,6 34,7 16,3
Fibre g/kg 226,6 235,4 219,2 215,1 177,0 188 119
Calcium g/kg 9 9 10,1 9,7 11,9 11,9 26,2
Phosphorous g/kg 3,9 4 4,2 4,3 6,1 6,2 13,1
Magnesium g/kg 3,5 3,7 3,2 3,3 2,6 2,9 1
Potassium g/kg 26,7 27,2 22,9 22,2 17,8 18,5 8,8
Cobalt mg/kg 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,7 1,2 1,2 2,9
Copper mg/kg 37,1 36,4 37 35,4 48,7 47,8 89,5
Iodine mg/kg 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 1 1 3,2
Manganese mg/kg 53,7 52,5 54,2 51,8 80,1 78,6 176,5
Selenium mg/kg 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 1
Zinc mg/kg 73,3 69,1 73,8 70 134,5 129,2 348,3
Vitamin A IU/kg 4992 4992 4992 4992 9984 9984 30224
Vitamin E mg/kg 124,8 124,8 124,8 124,8 249,6 249,6 665,6
Vitamin D IU/kg 400 400 400 400 800 800 2128
Vitamin K mg/kg 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 1 1 0
Vitamin B1 mg/kg 5 5 5 5 10 10 26,6
Vitamin B12 mg/kg 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,02 0,02 0,06
Vitamin B2 mg/kg 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 5 5 13,3
Vitamin B6 mg/kg 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 2,5 2,5 6,7
Biotin mg/kg 1 1 1 1 2 2 5,32
Choline mg/kg 32,6 32,6 32,6 32,6 65,1 65,1 173,3
Folic acid mg/kg 1 1 1 1 1,9 1,9 5,1
Niacin mg/kg 5 5 5 5 10 10 26,6
Pantothenic acid mg/kg 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 5 5 13,3
INTAKES AND OTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THE MIXES: Supplement: Use the amounts mentioned for the Epol Antelope cubes/pellets. Semi ad lib mixes: Use the Epol Antelope cube/pellet intake as a guide and multiply it by 2. Game Lick Mix: Use the Epol Antelope cube/pellet as a guide and divide the intake by 1.7. Game > than 25kg, including ruminants, non ruminants and hindgut fermentors, all mixes are suitable.Game < 25kg bred intensively, use the supplement mix or the Epol Antelope cube. *Rhino, zebra and other hindgut fermentors bred intensively; do not use the Game Lick Mix.
Molatek Molasses Meal Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V7264 (RSA)
Molatek BypassAct 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V21556 (RSA)
Molatek Master 20Act 36 of 1947. Reg. No. V5971 (RSA)
Semi ad libGrazer
Semi ad lib Browser
Supplement Grazer & Browser
*Game Lick Mix
Ingredients Units Inclusion Inclusion Inclusion Inclusion Inclusion Inclusion Inclusion
Semi ad libGrazer
Semi ad lib Browser
Supplement Grazer & Browser
*Game Lick Mix
Diet nutrient summary continued Units As Is As Is As Is As Is As Is As Is As Is
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WILDLIFE INTAKE SPREAD SHEET FOR WINTER OR DRY SEASON SUPPLEMENTATION ON NATURAL VELD
Giraffe Browser 1185 835 3,77 6,02 4,9 4,99 7,95 6,5 Antelope 16% Natural browse, lucerne, hay 2:05:05 Natural browse
Kudu Browser 245 160 1,09 1,7 1,4 1,44 2,27 1,9 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Nyala Browser 110 62 0,53 0,91 0,8 0,7 1,14 0,9 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Bushbuck Browser 50 36 0,35 0,57 0,5 0,48 0,76 0,6 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Grey rhebuck Browser 20 20 0,23 0,36 0,3 0,31 0,49 0,3 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Common duiker Browser 17 21 0,24 0,39 0,3 0,32 0,51 0,3 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Red duiker Browser 12 12 0,16 0,25 0,2 0,2 0,33 0,2 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Klipspringer Browser 11 15 0,18 0,3 0,2 0,25 0,4 0,3 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Suni Browser 6 6 0,09 0,15 0,1 0,13 0,2 0,1 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Blue duiker Browser 4 5 0,08 0,13 0,1 0,1 0,16 0,1 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 1:2 Natural browse
Buffalo Bulk grazers 750 534 2,7 4,32 3,5 3,57 5,68 4,7 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay Natural grazing
Eland Mixed feeders 633 430 2,3 3,64 3 3,03 4,89 4 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Gemsbok Mixed feeders 225 198 1,28 2,05 1,6 1,69 2,73 2,2 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Red hartebeest Mixed feeders 150 120 0,89 1,42 1,1 1,16 1,85 1,5 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
European fallow deer Mixed feeders 90 48 0,44 0,7 0,6 0,59 0,94 0,8 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Impala Mixed feeders 63 44 0,42 0,67 0,6 0,55 0,88 0,7 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Springbok Mixed feeders 41 37 0,36 0,58 0,5 0,48 0,76 0,6 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Weights Antelope 16% Grazer 12%
Male Female Female Cow/ calfTotal
average Female Cow/ calfTotal
average Product Zero/limited grazing – suggested roughage mix Extensively kept game
Ruminants Feeding type kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
FEEDING INSTRUCTIONS:• Cow/calf unit – intake for a cow/ewe in lactation (month 1–3 of calf/lamb’s life)
• Total average – Average intake value for animals in a general herd – thus the average intake of the bull/ram, dry cow/
dry ewe and a cow/ewe and calf/lamb unit
• Bomas – zero grazing systems – Hay supply – use roughage guideline. Cubes or pellets – use dry cow value as the
intake value for all adult animals. Weaners and big calves supply half the cow’s value
The intakes on the spreadsheet supply the animals with 65% of their rumen degradable
protein requirements in the dry months.
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FEEDING INSTRUCTIONS:• Cow/calf unit – intake for a cow/ewe in lactation (month 1–3 of calf/lamb’s life)
• Total average – Average intake value for animals in a general herd – thus the average intake of the bull/ram, dry cow/dry ewe
and a cow/ewe and calf/lamb unit
• Bomas – zero grazing systems – Hay supply – use roughage guideline. Cubes or pellets – use dry cow value as the intake value
for all adult animals. Weaners and big calves supply half the cow’s value
WILDLIFE INTAKE SPREAD SHEET FOR WINTER OR DRY SEASON SUPPLEMENTATION ON NATURAL VELD
Weights Antelope 16% Grazer 12%
Male Female Female Cow/ calf Total average Female Cow/ calf Total
average Product Zero/limited grazing – suggested roughage mix
Extensively kept gameRuminants Feeding type kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
Steenbok Mixed feeders 11 12 0,16 0,25 0,2 0,2 0,33 0,2 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Cape grysbok Mixed feeders 11 11 0,15 0,24 0,2 0,19 0,31 0,2 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Tropical grysbok Mixed feeders 9 8 0,11 0,18 0,1 0,15 0,24 0,2 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural browse & grazing
Roan Selective grazers 355 320 1,84 2,94 2,3 2,43 3,89 3,1 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Sable Selective grazers 240 220 1,39 2,22 1,7 1,83 2,93 2,3 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Blue wildebeest Selective grazers 235 185 1,22 1,93 1,6 1,61 2,61 2 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Waterbuck Selective grazers 245 175 1,17 1,82 1,5 1,55 2,5 2 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Lichtenstein's
hartebeest
Selective grazers 179 171 1,15 1,82 1,4 1,52 2,39 1,8 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Black wildebeest Selective grazers 170 140 0,99 1,59 1,3 1,31 2,05 1,6 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Tsessebe Selective grazers 142 123 0,9 1,48 1,1 1,18 1,93 1,5 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Red Lechwe Selective grazers 108 80 0,65 1,03 0,8 0,86 1,39 1,1 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Blesbok Selective grazers 75 65 0,56 0,89 0,7 0,74 1,18 0,9 Antelope/Grazer High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Bontebok Selective grazers 61 55 0,49 0,78 0,6 0,65 1,03 0,8 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Reedbuck Selective grazers 70 50 0,45 0,73 0,6 0,6 0,97 0,8 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Mountain reedbuck Selective grazers 30 26 0,28 0,45 0,3 0,38 0,6 0,5 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Oribi Selective grazers 14 12 0,16 0,25 0,2 0,2 0,33 0,2 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Damara dik-dik Selective grazers 4 4 0,07 0,11 0,1 0,09 0,15 0,1 Antelope 16% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
The intakes on the spreadsheet supply the animals with 65% of their rumen degradable
protein requirements in the dry months.
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Warthog Selective grazers 85 60 0,6 1,5 1 0,73 2 1,3 Grazer 12% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Bushpig Selective grazers 70 58 0,6 1,5 1 0,73 2 1,3 Grazer 12% High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
Ostrich Selective grazers 143 97 1 0 1 1,3 0 1,3 Grazer 12% High quality hay, lucerne 2:1 Natural grazing
Burchell's zebra Bulk grazers 315 315 2,05 4,66 3,1 2,73 6,25 4,1 Grazer/Rhino cube High quality hay Natural grazing
Cape mountain zebra Bulk grazers 255 231 1,59 3,75 2,5 2,16 4,89 3,3 Grazer/Rhino cube High quality hay Natural grazing
Hartmann's mountain
zebra
Bulk grazers 310 275 1,82 4,2 2,8 2,5 5,68 3,9 Grazer/Rhino cube High quality hay Natural grazing
Black rhinoceros Browser 860 925 4,55 10,45 6,8 6,02 13,98 9,1 Antelope 16% Natural browse, lucerne, hay 2:05:05 Natural browse
White rhinoceros Bulk grazers 2 150 1 650 7,61 17,5 12,2 10,11 23,3 16,3 Rhino cube High quality hay, lucerne 4:1 Natural grazing
Hippopotamus Selective grazers 2 035 1 726 9,61 15,39 11,9 12,69 20,31 15,8 Grazer/Rhino cube High quality hay, lucerne 3:1 Natural grazing
African elephant Mixed feeders 5 500 3 000 14,89 34,2 26,1 19,77 45,68 34,8 Antelope 16% Natural browse, hay, lucerne 1:1:1 Natural browse, grazing
FEEDING INSTRUCTIONS:• Cow/calf unit – intake for a cow/ewe in lactation (month 1–3 of calf/lamb’s life)
• Total average – Average intake value for animals in a general herd – thus the average intake of the bull/ram, cow/ewe and a cow/
ewe and calf/lamb unit
• Bomas – zero grazing systems – Hay supply – use roughage guideline. Cubes or pellets – use dry cow value as the intake value
for all adult animals. Weaners and big calves supply half the cow’s value
WILDLIFE INTAKE SPREAD SHEET FOR WINTER OR DRY SEASON SUPPLEMENTATION ON NATURAL VELD
Weights Antelope 16% Grazer 12%
Male Female Female Cow/ calf Total average Female Cow/ calf Total
average Product Zero/limited grazing – suggested roughage mix
Extensively kept gameNon-ruminants Feeding type kg kg kg kg kg kg kg kg
The intakes on the spreadsheet supply the animals with 65% of their digestible protein
requirements in the dry months.
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NOTES NOTES
RCL FOODS HEAD OFFICE, TEN THE BOULEVARD, WESTWAY OFFICE PARK, WESTVILLE, 3629P.O. BOX 2734, WESTWAY OFFICE PARK, 3635REG NO 1966/004972/06
www.rclfoods.com
MOLATEK
PO Box 47, Malelane, 1320
Tel: +27(0)13 791-1036 Fax: +27(0)13 790-0095
e-mail: [email protected]
www.molatek.co.za
EPOL Berlin
PO Box 17, Berlin, South Africa, 5660
Tel: +27(0)43 685-2111 Fax: +27(0)43 685-2114
www.epol.co.za
EPOL Pietermaritzburg
PO Box 1299, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, 3200
Tel: +27(0)33 387-2460 Fax: +27(0)33 387-4779
www.epol.co.za
EPOL Pretoria West
PO Box 19096, Pretoria West, South Africa, 0117
Tel: +27(0)12 386-0469 Fax: +27(0)12 386-2147
www.epol.co.za
EPOL Rustenburg
PO Box 82318, Rustenburg, South Africa, 0300
Tel: +27(0)14 538-2832 Fax: +27(0)14 538-1865
www.epol.co.za
EPOL Worcester
PO Box 105, Worcester, South Africa, 6850
Tel: +27(0)23 346-6400 Fax: +27(0)23 346-6464
www.epol.co.za
EPOL Pietermaritzburg Bagging Depot
17 Willowton Road, Pietermaritzburg,
South Africa, 3200
Tel: +27(0)33 387-2460 Fax: +27(0)33 387-4779
www.epol.co.za
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